托福聽力時(shí)間比較型考題精析！

首先既然涉及到不同時(shí)期事物不同發(fā)展階段的特點(diǎn)，必然就會(huì)比較階段性的異同點(diǎn)，尤其是不同點(diǎn)的比較應(yīng)該是我們關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)，所以我們要在聽音過程中注意聽明白不同發(fā)展階段各自有哪些特點(diǎn)。

以TPO16 Lecture4第4題為例：

According to the professor, what are two ways in which stained glass windows made in the sixteenth century differed from those made in earlier centuries? Click on 2 answers.

A. The way the glass was colored.

B. The role played by lead strips.

C. The scenes that were depicted.

D. The way glass pieces were cut.

這道題目，相對(duì)難度是比較大的，因?yàn)槲闹行畔⑾鄬?duì)分散，且答題點(diǎn)對(duì)精聽的要求相對(duì)較高，所以這道題目在班級(jí)練習(xí)時(shí)錯(cuò)誤率比較高。

文中以學(xué)生的提問：

And the lead strips that was just to hold the whole piece glass together?

引出了出題點(diǎn)，在這里出題點(diǎn)還是相對(duì)比較明顯的，學(xué)生問lead strips的功能是什么，在之前的系列文中提到過一旦聽力原文中出現(xiàn)新名詞我們需要努力聽懂這個(gè)詞的定義解釋和功能作用，因?yàn)檫@往往是出題點(diǎn)或者是理解上下文的關(guān)鍵信息，原文中教授的回答是：

Well, uh, lead strips is strong and flexible so it’s ideal for joining pieces of glass cut in different shapes and sizes. Uh, but up to the 15th century, the lead strips also helped created the design. They were worked into the window as part of the composition. Uh, they were used to outline figures to show boundaries, just like you might use solid line in a pencil drawing.

教授介紹lead strips的特點(diǎn)是非常棒的粘合材料，并且告訴學(xué)生在15世紀(jì)lead strips是設(shè)計(jì)的一部分，就好像鉛筆畫的實(shí)心線一樣勾勒出形象的邊界。

然后接著學(xué)生提問關(guān)于上色的問題，這里出題點(diǎn)是相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單也比較容易掌握的：

How did they get the color? I mean, how did they color the glass?

教授的回答是：

Well, up until the 16th century, stained-glass was colored during the glass making process itself. Uh, you got specific colors by adding metallic compounds to the other glass-making ingredients. So, uh, if you wanted red, you added copper. If you wanted green, you added iron. You just added these compounds to the other ingredients that the glass was made of.

即16世紀(jì)前人們是利用在玻璃制造過程中加金屬元素來使玻璃染色。這樣的制作工藝每片玻璃只有一種顏色。

16世紀(jì)之后人們采用了另一種給染色玻璃上色的方式：

Yes, at least up until the 16th century. Uh, then they started, uh, you started to get painted-glass. Painted-glass windows are still referred to as stained-glass, but the colors were, actually, painted directly onto clear glass after the glass was made. So, um, with this kind of stained-glass, you could, uh, paint a piece of glass with more than one color.

即通過給透明玻璃涂色的方式來制作彩色玻璃片，在文中以16世紀(jì)作為一個(gè)時(shí)間分割點(diǎn)，前后給玻璃上色的方式不同，這點(diǎn)相對(duì)來講是比較容易理解的。

這個(gè)不同點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)題目中的選項(xiàng)A：

The way the glass was colored.

而相對(duì)來說比較難的是另一個(gè)選項(xiàng)，這個(gè)點(diǎn)在文章中的出題點(diǎn)也是相當(dāng)明確的，學(xué)生再次提問說：

And with painted-glass they still used the lead strips?

也就是說16世紀(jì)之后一大片玻璃已經(jīng)可以有很多種不同的顏色了，人們還需要使用lead strips嗎?教授的回答是肯定的：

Yes, with really large windows it took more than one piece of glass, so you still needed lead strips to hold the pieces together. But the painters actually tried to hide them, so it was different from before when the lead strips were part of the design and it’s different because with painted-glass the idea of light coming through to create the, uh, magical effect wasn’t the focus anymore. The paint work was, and painted-glass windows became very popular.

因?yàn)閷?duì)于很多非常大的玻璃窗還是需要lead strips來起到粘合作用，但是此時(shí)繪畫者會(huì)刻意的去隱藏他們，因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)時(shí)期lead strips不再是設(shè)計(jì)的一部分，人們不再追求光線穿透的魔法效果，而是更注重繪畫本身。

這里有一個(gè)非常關(guān)鍵的出題信號(hào)詞，就是學(xué)生的提問，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生已經(jīng)是第二次就lead strips提問，其次在教授的回答中教授用了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)詞actually，一個(gè)表示比較不同點(diǎn)的表達(dá)it was different from before。

所以以上這些信息都提醒我們這里是重要的出題點(diǎn)，對(duì)應(yīng)到第四題中的選項(xiàng)B：

The role played by lead strips.

通過這道例題，希望福寶們能夠理解，在托福聽力文章中，一些講述發(fā)展史的文章，縱向要注意每個(gè)發(fā)展階段的特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)也要注意每個(gè)階段發(fā)展階段的不同點(diǎn)，以TPO9lecture3的第四題為例：

How is it possible to determine in which rainy period a lake was formed? Click on 2 answers.

A. By examining the location of the lake bed.

B. By measuring the amount of sand covering the lake bed.

C. By examining the color of the limestone formation.

D. By identifying the types of fossils found in the limestone.

文章開頭部分就有提到：

There were actually two periods of rain and lake formation: the first one began about 37,000 years ago; and the second one dates from about 10,000 years ago.

從時(shí)間上將沙漠當(dāng)中的湖分成了兩種類型。

后續(xù)文中有提到：

Another difference, very important today for distinguishing between older lake beds and newer ones, is the location of the limestone formations.

這里出題點(diǎn)提示性很強(qiáng)，用到了Another difference，very important，distinguishing等表示差異和強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞來引起同學(xué)們對(duì)于信息點(diǎn)的重視，所以這個(gè)部分對(duì)應(yīng)題中選項(xiàng)A：

By examining the location of the lake bed.

后續(xù)文中又用一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折引出了另一個(gè)不同點(diǎn)：

At older lake sites, there’s fossil remains from hippopotamuses, water buffalo, animals that spend much of their lives standing in water, and also, fossils of cattle. However, at the sites of the more recent lakes, there’s only cattle fossils, additional evidence for geologists that these lakes were probably smaller, shallower, because cattle only use water for drinking. So they survive on much less.

即不同時(shí)期湖中的化石不同，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D：

By identifying the types of fossils found in the limestone.

希望通過這兩道例題，能夠讓福寶們們?cè)谟龅筋愃破�章和題目的時(shí)候有更加敏銳的預(yù)測(cè)出題點(diǎn)的能力，提高做題的正確率~ 

   看完這些假如你還有疑問，不妨點(diǎn)擊下面圖標(biāo)，與在線教師單獨(dú)溝通↓↓ 

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