托福獨立寫作首段如何寫

　　對于托福獨立寫作，我們可以將其分為三大模塊進行論述。他們分別是introduction，main body和conclusion。在這里，introduction的目的是為了引入整個話題，也就是告訴考官，你的文章需要包含一些什么內(nèi)容，這里老師就介紹一下，我們的introduction的四種寫法：并且給出例句，能讓大家更好地理解。

　　Introduction類型：

　　開頭1：(背景)+論題+反方觀點+（反方理由）+過渡+作者論點+作者理由

　　PS：開頭段寫理由的好處：1. 使讀者清楚文章的框架，便于預期和理解

　　加深讀者對文章內(nèi)容的記憶

　　限制作者的思維，使作者能深入思考理由和例證

　　顯示語言變化能力

　　增加字數(shù)

　　怎么寫背景:    1. 提出一種普遍現(xiàn)象或值得關(guān)注的現(xiàn)象（緊扣論題）作為背景

　　造成的影響

　　官方\權(quán)威數(shù)據(jù)，調(diào)查研究結(jié)果

　　過渡表達方法集錦

　　on the contrary\in(by) contrast

　　Nevertheless\nonetheless\however

　　but\while\whereas

　　Different people have different opinions towards this controversy.

　　Our society is divided by the argument whether…

　　This idea is strongly opposed by another group of people.

　　開頭2：事例+背景+論題+作者論點和理由

　　事例： 1.媒體（電視，電臺，報紙，雜志和網(wǎng)絡(luò)）的報道

　　朋友，鄰居，同事的故事

　　開頭3：問題+論題+各方觀點（和理由）+作者論點和理由

　　問題：1.把背景用問題方式提出；

　　連續(xù)提問（煽情式提問）

　　開頭4：引語+論題+各方觀點（和理由）+作者論點和理由

　　舉例：

　　開頭1(a)：父母應該為獨生子女做每項決定。（agree or disagree）

　　【According to a recent statistic on the internet, the number of single-child family occupies 75 percent of Chinese families, and undoubtedly has the tendency of increasing.背景】【It follows that parents or other adult relatives may likely pay more attention to their children, for the reason that the energy of parents has been saved a lot compared to those who own several children. 論題】【Some people insist on making decisions for their children, considering that they are too young to judge. 反方觀點和理由】【However, others believe that there is hardly any necessity to help so that children will cultivate the capability of analyzing important problems. 支持的觀點和理由（過渡）】From my perspective, I completely agree with the latter idea.

　　開頭1(b)：在校學生給與工作機會

　　More and more companies (including international companies and small companies) are founded nowadays, but there are not enough people to take these positions. Therefore, a large number of working opportunities are provided to people who are still teenager students. In some countries, some people think if teenagers do a job while they are still studying in school, it may have a bad impact on their grade. Others consider that teenagers should have jobs while they are still students. As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter, because teenagers can, through the job, accumulate amounts of useful experience and acquire some social skills.

　　開頭2：電腦帶來的壞處

　　【One day, my sister, who has been pregnant for six months, caught a bad cold. She wanted to take medicine for her cold but she wondered whether the medicine will do harm to the baby. She turned on the computer, went online and googled or searched for information on the safety of the cold medicine. After that, she made a right decision.事例】

　　【The impact that computer has on our daily life is undeniable. There is a growing awareness of both the positive and negative influences that computers have brought to us.背景】 【Some people might be right to think that computers have made life complex and stressful. 論題】【From my point of view, those shortcomings can be neglected when the advantages of computers are mentioned.自己的觀點】

　　開頭3：科技會消極影響生活

　　【Technology refers to skills, knowledge, and techniques that human beings use in their daily life and work. As everybody may find, technology develops day by day. How does the development of technology affect our life? 問題+論題】【Many people hold the opinion that it is due to the development of technology that human beings have access to the comfortable modern life. On the other hand, a number of people are always aware of all kinds of destructive influence of the technological development on us.各方觀點】 【As far as I am concerned, the development of technology does far more good than harm to people’s happiness. 自己觀點】

　　開頭4：努力和幸運哪一個更重要

　　【I’m a great believer in luck, and I find the harder I work, the more I have of it.--Thomas Jefferson引言】

　　【There is little doubt that if people want to be successful, hard work is an essential element. While it is also clear that luck plays an undeniable role in one’s realizing dreams. 】I completely agree with Thomas Jefferson and believe that hard work, in most cases, helps people find and catch their luck and finally reach their life goals.

　　以上就是Introduction的四種寫法，作為最常用的方法，我們可以根據(jù)自己的實際水平和題目靈活運用。對于寫作來說，最重要的還是一定要積累并且寫出。所以同學們一定要多寫多練多改，才能達到真正的寫作學習的目的。