托福閱讀背景知識：華爾街最青睞的職業(yè)（雙語）

華爾街是全美乃至全球的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心，如何能夠在華爾街站住腳呢?選擇一個最受華爾街青睞的職業(yè)是最方便的了。下面，就跟小編一起，進(jìn)入今天的托福閱讀材料吧!

Wall Street has undergone a radical face lift this year, but finance industry recruiters are expected to stick to roughly the same formula when looking to fill entry-level positions with college graduates in the future.

華爾街如今已經(jīng)徹底改頭換面了。不過，金融業(yè)招聘人士在尋找大學(xué)畢業(yè)生填補(bǔ)初級職位空缺的時候，預(yù)計仍將堅持與以往大致相同的甄選原則。

Wealth management, investment banking and research are expected to see a hiring surge in the coming years, according to Joseph Logan, founder and managing director of Pinnacle Group International, a New York executive recruiting firm specializing in the financial services industry.

Pinnacle Group International的創(chuàng)始人兼董事總經(jīng)理約瑟夫 洛根(Joseph Logan)表示，財富管理、投資銀行和研究領(lǐng)域有望在未來幾年掀起招聘熱潮。Pinnacle Group International是紐約一家專業(yè)服務(wù)于金融服務(wù)業(yè)的高管獵頭公司。

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'A strong background in accounting plus financial [knowledge in] evaluation is the key-and being well-rounded will help a lot,' says David Smith, an associate professor at the McIntire School of Commerce at the University of Virginia who specializes in corporate finance and banking. Strong social skills and the ability to think creatively are important to round out more technical and quantitative talents.

“會計和財務(wù)估值方面的過硬背景是應(yīng)聘成功的關(guān)鍵，知識全面也會大有幫助，”弗吉尼亞大學(xué)(University of Virginia)麥金太爾商學(xué)院(McIntire School of Commerce)專門從事企業(yè)財務(wù)和銀行業(yè)研究的副教授史密斯(David Smith)表示。出色的社交技能和創(chuàng)新思維能力對于那些偏重技術(shù)性和數(shù)理方面的人才來說是個重要的補(bǔ)充。

Mr. Smith, who helps prepare students for finance job interviews, advises the students who want to head to Wall Street to eschew finance fads like the current demand in restructuring or credit derivatives which were hot two years ago and focus on becoming fluent in accounting and financial evaluation fundamentals that are applicable to any specialty. As the economy recovers more traditional financial services functions, such as mergers and acquisitions advisory will make a comeback, according to Mr. Smith .

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史密斯幫助學(xué)生們?yōu)榻鹑诼毼幻嬖囎鰷?zhǔn)備。他向那些希望在華爾街發(fā)展的學(xué)生們建議說，要避開金融業(yè)一時的潮流,比如眼下對兩年前頗為流行的重組或者信用衍生品方面的人才需求，而將目光集中在像會計和財務(wù)估值基本知識這樣適用于所有金融領(lǐng)域的研究。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇,那些更為傳統(tǒng)的金融服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)比如并購咨詢行業(yè)將重新煥發(fā)活力,史密斯表示。

Hard skills such as 'budgeting, forecasting, financial models and, for example, transaction-oriented proficiencies' that point to a 'strong business acumen' will be weighed in the recruitment process said Terri L. Gregos, director of college relations at Bank of New York Mellon, a global financial services firm.

“能夠表明應(yīng)聘者擁有一個敏銳頭腦的比如做預(yù)算、預(yù)測、金融模型和交易技巧”這樣的專業(yè)技能將在招聘階段得到考察，全球性的金融服務(wù)企業(yè)紐約銀行(Bank of New York Mellon)大學(xué)關(guān)系部門的負(fù)責(zé)人格瑞高斯(Terri L. Gregos)表示。

Other factors that make up the traditional formula include a high grade point average, sound quantitative skills-a desirable trait among engineering and mathematics majors-internship experience at a finance firm, and the ability to communicate effectively.

傳統(tǒng)用人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的其他條件還包括優(yōu)秀的學(xué)業(yè)成績、扎實(shí)的數(shù)理計算能力──這是工程學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)畢業(yè)生所具備的一個吸引人的特點(diǎn)──金融公司的實(shí)習(xí)經(jīng)驗以及有效溝通能力。

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What may be the biggest change on the hiring landscape is the cast of recruiters. Smaller boutique and advisory firms are likely to continue their growth spurt over the next few years to fill the space left behind by the contracting firms like Bank of America and Citigroup. The middle market investment bank Jefferies & Co., for example, is expanding at a rapid clip and Mr. Smith predicts it could become a big player in a few years. The bank has added almost 250 workers since the end of 2008, according to the firm's third-quarter earnings report.

在招聘方面的最大改變可能要算是雇主了。小型投行和咨詢公司有可能在未來幾年延續(xù)它們的飛速增長勢頭，以彌補(bǔ)諸如美國銀行(Bank of America)和花旗(Citigroup)這樣的公司留下的空白。舉例來說，中間市場投資銀行Jefferies & Co.正在迅速擴(kuò)張，史密斯預(yù)計這家公司將在未來幾年變得舉足輕重。該公司第三季度的財報顯示，Jefferies & Co.從2008年底開始已經(jīng)增加了近250名員工。

Since most of the small firms lack the infrastructure to train new hires as intensely as their larger rivals, finance or business majors could be more attractive than an English or history concentration, says Barbara Hewitt, senior associate director of the career services center of the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

由于大多數(shù)小公司缺少像大公司那樣對新員工進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格培訓(xùn)的組織結(jié)構(gòu)，金融或商業(yè)專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生可能比英語或歷史專業(yè)的畢業(yè)生更受青睞，賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)(University of Pennsylvania)沃頓商學(xué)院職業(yè)服務(wù)中心高級副主任休伊特(Barbara Hewitt)表示。

Students at liberal arts schools that don't offer intensive finance and accounting classes can develop a solid entry-level finance resume by enrolling in basic accounting and macro and micro economic courses. They can also bulk up on the more technical areas of finance by enrolling in summer classes at other institutions.

那些在不提供金融、會計高級課程的文科院校讀書的學(xué)生們通過注冊學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)的會計和宏觀、微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)課程也能擁有一份適合金融業(yè)初級職位的簡歷。他們還可以通過報名參加其他學(xué)校的夏季課程增強(qiáng)自己對更為專業(yè)的金融學(xué)知識的掌握。

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Meanwhile, fields like risk management may be gaining traction on Wall Street today in the wake of the financial crisis. Ms. Hewitt says employers have also been posting more positions in risk management this year than before. And more than 23,000 of finance professionals have registered to take the financial risk management certification exam this year, a 70% increase compared to 2008, according to the Global Association of Risk Professionals, the organization that administers the exam.

與此同時，在金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后，像風(fēng)險管理這樣的領(lǐng)域或許正在華爾街日漸走紅。休伊特說，今年各大公司在風(fēng)險管理方面的招聘職位也多過往年。今年超過2.3萬名金融專業(yè)人士注冊參加金融風(fēng)險管理資格證書考試，這個數(shù)字和2008年相比增加了70%，組織這項考試的全球風(fēng)險管理專業(yè)人士協(xié)會(Global Association of Risk Professionals)表示。

And while 2009 was a down year for wealth managers, many firms are now in growth mode in an attempt to regain assets that were lost during the recession. JPMorgan Chase & Co. plans to hire about 600 brokers for its retail brokerage unit Bear Stearns Private Client Services and will open three offices next year, according to statements by executives at the firm. Credit Suisse Group also announced plans to add approximately 200 wealth managers each year, boosting its number of relationship managers to 4,000 by the end of 2012 from the present 3,400.

盡管2009年對于財富管理者們來說不是個好年頭，但許多公司眼下仍正處在增長階段。它們正在努力重新獲得那些在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中失去的資產(chǎn)。摩根大通公司(JPMorgan Chase & Co.)計劃為其零售經(jīng)紀(jì)業(yè)務(wù)貝爾斯登私人客戶服務(wù)(Bear Stearns Private Client Services)聘用大約600名經(jīng)紀(jì)人，該公司明年還將開設(shè)三家辦事處。瑞士信貸集團(tuán)(Credit Suisse Group)也表示，計劃每年增加約200名財富管理經(jīng)理，這樣一來，到2012年年底，該公司客戶經(jīng)理的人數(shù)將從目前的3,400人增加到4,000人。

以上就是今天的托福閱讀材料，大家可以在練習(xí)托福閱讀材料的同時，積累一些相關(guān)詞匯及句型，以便考試的時候更好地把握文意，奪得托福閱讀的高分。

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