從真題著手 托�？谡Z綜合題備考策略

托�？谡Z的Task3,4,5,6部分是綜合題，綜合考察學(xué)生的閱讀、聽力及復(fù)述的能力。其中3和5從內(nèi)容上屬于校園生活類，而task4和task6則屬于學(xué)術(shù)類，難度較大。下面新通外語卓婷婷老師將具體講解不同task的解題方法。  

一、托�？谡ZTask 3

先讀一段75-100的閱讀文章，限時45秒鐘; 內(nèi)容有關(guān)校園生活，可以是校方做的announcement，也可以是學(xué)生提出的proposal，閱讀的時候需要記下標題及主題句；

接著聽一段1-2分鐘的聽力，聽力中有兩位學(xué)生對閱讀內(nèi)容的觀點，贊同或反對，并給出相關(guān)理由，聽的時候要記下觀點和理由；

最后要求考生根據(jù)閱讀和聽力的內(nèi)容復(fù)述，有30秒鐘準備，60秒鐘說。

復(fù)述的內(nèi)容如下：

1.第一句話把閱讀的題目和中心句念一遍。2.The man/woman agrees/disagrees with the announcement/proposal/it。3.The first reason is…把聽力中的第一個理由總結(jié)一下。4.The second reason is~~標準同上。

真題回顧：來自TPO 9閱讀

Required Work Experience

The business studies department at State University will now require all students enrolled in its program to complete one semester of work experience in a local corporation or small business. It is felt that students will benefit from this work experience by developing leadership and organizational skills that would not normally be learned in a classroom or campus setting. Furthermore, the relationship that students establish with the company that they work for may help them to secure permanent employment with that company once they have completed the program and graduated.

非常明顯，這是一個Announcement,第一句話及中心句，學(xué)校決定要求所有學(xué)生參加一個實習(xí)。

聽力部分：

一個女人說“I disagree”，第一個原因是，這種實習(xí)根本就不能develop leadership and organizational skills，舉了個例子說她哥哥參加個實習(xí)，就是干雜活的，沒有實際用處。第二個原因是，由于這個地區(qū)很多大學(xué)也要求學(xué)生參加這種實習(xí)，所以就算參加了，也沒有辦法保證畢業(yè)之后所有人都拿到長期工作。

Sample answer：

The university will require all the students to enroll in a business internship to gain working experience. The women disagrees. The first reason is, the companies will not assign general affairs to students. Therefore, they cannot learn anything about practical experience like leadership or organization skills. Another reason is, so many other university business students have already participated in the similar project. So competition between them will be very fierce because companies may not provide enough positions to all of them. (45s)

 二 、托福口語Task 4

1. 閱讀一篇100-150字左右的學(xué)術(shù)文章，主要是對一個學(xué)術(shù)概念的解釋。標題就是學(xué)術(shù)概念，然后再到文章中把對這個概念的定義找出來。閱讀時間為45s。

2. 聽一段lecture，一個教授會用具體的例子把閱讀中的學(xué)術(shù)概念解釋一遍，有時候是一個例子，有時候是兩個。聽的過程中需要把具體的例子記下來。

3. 準備時間為30s，說1min。

真題回顧：Dormancy

In biology, dormancy occurs when organisms, both plant and animals, are subjected to environmental stress. It is a period in an organism’s life cycle when growth, development, and physical activity are temporarily stopped. For example, some animals become dormant in order to escape cold weather and food shortages during the winter. Also, minimizing physical activity helps organisms to conserve energy and lessen their demands on the environment.

這段材料中對dormancy的定義出現(xiàn)在第二句：It is a period in an organism’s life cycle when growth, development, and physical activity are temporarily stopped.中心句一般在前面三句出現(xiàn)，需要仔細閱讀，可以通過一些關(guān)鍵詞去定位，比如：it is, it refers to, it is defined as等等。

聽力部分：教授舉了lungfish的例子，說他們在dry season把自己bury在mud里面，濕潤又遠離熱氣。同時還說dormancy的時候這些魚stay inactive, slow its breath, heart beats and the energy use.所以可以幾個月不吃東西也能survive，直到雨季來臨。

這部分的回答模板為：

The reading passage is about ....(標題)  ；It refers to ....(定義)  ；In the lecture, the professor uses examples and details to explain it further；Firstly ......secondly....

最后來看Task 6的答題順序，Task6與Task4的最大區(qū)別就是沒有閱讀部分，也是教授講解一個學(xué)術(shù)概念并舉例，因此對聽力的要求更大，如果不會相關(guān)的專業(yè)名詞很可能不知道教授在講什么。這也是很多學(xué)生十分最多的部分。聽的過程中要記得考點分布所在。首先要注意聽一個術(shù)語，然后對術(shù)語的解釋，再把具體的例子記下來。這部分的準備時間是20s,說1min.

真題回顧：來自TPO5的題目。

聽力部分，老師先說有兩種motivation。第一種叫做extrinsic motivation。后面對extrinsic motivation下了定義，即為由外部獎勵刺激的行為，比如錢等等。還有一種叫做intrinsic motivation，即為由內(nèi)心中的興趣，自發(fā)的動力激勵的行為。后面講到extrinsic motivation，比如說一個小孩可以為了錢的獎勵去做家務(wù)。

他并不是發(fā)自內(nèi)心喜歡做家務(wù)，而是為了得到錢。如果不再給錢了，小孩就不會繼續(xù)做家務(wù)了。而intrinsic motivation，比如說我經(jīng)常去健身，并不是為了參加馬拉松之類的比賽，而是我自己很喜歡鍛煉，健康的感覺真好.

Sample answer:

The professor introduced two types of motivation. The first one is extrinsic type. That type of motivation is stimulated by external factors. For example, a child will do some housework for a reward. However, if the parents stop giving her money, the child will not do the housework continually. In this case, the reward of money is the external motivation.

At such times, people cannot persist to do something by chance that the external factors disappeared. The second one is intrinsic type. The motivation stems from our happiness or achievement. The professor offer herself as an example. She will do the exercise in the gym in order to keep her health. That kind of motivation can last for a long time.

 三、托福口語Task 5

1. 對話中的一個人有一個problem或trouble（主要是時間、安排上的沖突）

2. 另一個人會對問題或矛盾提出2個解決方案。以及相關(guān)的原因及利弊。

3.你覺得哪種方案好，為什么？

考生有20s的時間準備，需要講1 min。復(fù)述的內(nèi)容如下：In this conversation, the man/woman has a problem that ____________________. There are two possible solutions. One is ____________________. The other is ____________________. And if it were my choice, I would choose the former/latter one, because____________________.

這里需要注意的地方是，聽力的時候要留心記下problem, solutions以及利弊；講的過程中注意時間的分配，比較理想的是problem和solution的部分花30s-40s的時間講完，自己的選擇用20-30s的時間講完。如果聽力中關(guān)于利弊的信息不完整，是可以加入自己的觀點的。

真題回顧：TPO1 TASK5：

聽力材料是一個女生在做志愿者工作，周末要帶一群孩子去動物園玩，但是她沒有合適的交通工具送孩子們?nèi)ァＨ缓笠粋�男生給出兩個建議，第一個是向朋友借車，但是需要借兩輛車，而且要另外再找一個人幫忙開車；另一個建議是使用公共交通工具，正好有輛公交車直接到動物園，但是女生覺得會很難在車上管理學(xué)生。

Sample answer:

In this conversation, the man/woman has a problem that she is going to take the kids to the zoo tomorrow, but she doesn’t have a van. There are two possible solutions, the first is to borrow cars from her friends, the other is to take the public transportation like bus. And if it were my choice, I would choose the latter one, because the first one is too troublesome, she needs to borrow two cars and to find another driver. Although it’s a challenge to supervise the kids in the bus, she can ask other passengers for help; besides, a direct bus line to the zoo can save her a lot of trouble.

Task 4和Task 6都屬于學(xué)術(shù)題，無論是閱讀還是聽力材料中都涉及很多學(xué)科類詞匯，如藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、生物、地理、天文學(xué)、經(jīng)濟學(xué)、心理學(xué)等，難度較大，要求學(xué)生要有一定量的學(xué)術(shù)詞匯的積累。

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