“造”好句 讓冗長(zhǎng)乏味句式遠(yuǎn)離

根據(jù)國(guó)外學(xué)者的調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)，一個(gè)以句號(hào)結(jié)尾的英語(yǔ)句子，單詞的數(shù)量最好不要超過(guò)20個(gè)，否則的話，句子偏長(zhǎng)，聽(tīng)話人的注意力有可能不集中，漏聽(tīng)一、兩個(gè)單詞，從而影響對(duì)整個(gè)句子的理解。寫(xiě)作中也如此，長(zhǎng)句特別是語(yǔ)言啰嗦的句子容易讓考官產(chǎn)生閱讀疲勞感，而簡(jiǎn)練且出彩的語(yǔ)言卻能讓考官眼前一亮。這里介紹三種簡(jiǎn)化方法。

第一種方法是用一個(gè)單詞代替一組意義相同的單詞，比如：

①用forget(忘記)代替do not remember(沒(méi)有記住)

②用ignore(忽視)代替do not pay attention to(不注意)

③用now(現(xiàn)在)代替 at this point in time(此時(shí)此刻)

④用because(由于)代替due to the fact that(鑒于下列事實(shí))

第二種方法是省略同義詞或近義詞。

比如在下面例句中，形容詞important(重要的)和significant(有重要意義的)，就是兩個(gè)同義詞(也可以說(shuō)是近義詞)，我們可以省略important，只保留significant。

①The government project is important and significant.(這項(xiàng)政府計(jì)劃是重要的，有重要意義。)

②The government project is significant.(這項(xiàng)政府計(jì)劃有重要意義。)

第三種方法是在不改變句子含義的前提下，省略所有可以省略的單詞。

比如在下面例句中，the cover of the book (書(shū)的封面)可以省略成the book cover，is red incolor(是紅色的)可以省略成is red。

①The cover of the book is red in color.(書(shū)的封面是紅色的)

②The book cover is red.(書(shū)的封面是紅色的)

最后我們把這三種方法結(jié)合起來(lái)，將一個(gè)冗長(zhǎng)、繞嘴的句子，改寫(xiě)成一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短、易懂的句子。

①University malls must be accessible and free from congestion in order that students， faculty andemployees may have unobstructed passage through those areas of the campus.(校內(nèi)道路必須是便于通行的，不擁堵的，以便讓學(xué)生、教師和職員能夠無(wú)阻礙地通過(guò)，到達(dá)校園的各處。)

②University malls must be free enough from congestion to allow people to walk through easily.(校內(nèi)道路不應(yīng)當(dāng)擁堵，以便人們順利通行。)

除了簡(jiǎn)化句式，還需要對(duì)句子進(jìn)行精編，讓句子“高端大氣”。比如，可以適當(dāng)運(yùn)用一些副詞在句子開(kāi)頭部分，這樣句子的多樣性就體現(xiàn)出來(lái)啦。就比如下面3個(gè)這個(gè)例句。

Luckily，he didn't know my phone number；otherwise，he would bother me.

Incredibly，Helena got straight A in her school report this semester.

Interestingly，cats and dogs can hardly get along well in a house.

開(kāi)頭這些較為不常見(jiàn)的副詞的修飾，整句話立馬有了厚重感。而類(lèi)似的副詞還有：

obviously undoubtedly

apparetly fortunately

clearly unfortunately

incredibly luckily

unluckily surprisingly

frighteningly

這些副詞大多數(shù)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)全句的看法，在意思上相等與“It is ...形容詞 that ...”。

eg：

Obviously，he is nervous about the test.

=It is obvious that he is nervous about the test.

Unfortunately，he tripped over and fell in the mud.

=It is unfortunate that he tripped over and fell in the mud.