雅思寫(xiě)作：Task 2常用的論證方法

在多年教授雅思寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生在雅思Task 2 的寫(xiě)作時(shí)，存在的一個(gè)主要問(wèn)題是主題段在寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候缺少邏輯性和對(duì)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行充分的論證，直接導(dǎo)致在評(píng)分時(shí)Coherence and coherence 以及Grammatical ranges and accuracy 方面得分較低。究其主要原因，是由于論證方法的單一性，缺少多樣性所引起的；同時(shí)這也引起了在構(gòu)思主題段時(shí)論點(diǎn)的提出。所以在實(shí)際教學(xué)中，我會(huì)重點(diǎn)給學(xué)生講授如何運(yùn)用多種的論證方式來(lái)構(gòu)思和展開(kāi)，實(shí)際教學(xué)効果顯著，學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作成績(jī)提高也較快。

基本論證方法
　　1.列舉法：列舉觀點(diǎn)、理由等
　　常用聯(lián)接詞：in the first place, to begin with, firstly, apart from, on the one hand, in addition to, next, after that, moreover, furthermore, also, in addition, then, for one thing, for another, on the other hand, finally, last but not least….

Homework has many merits. Apart from helping students do better on tests, homework help students review and practice what had been taught in class. Homework helps retention and understanding; Furthermore, it helps students exercise their time management and organisational skills.

2.舉例法：
　　常用聯(lián)接詞：for example, for instance, such as, namely, take something for example….

Television has negative effects on people. For instance, television commercials distort the truth about products. Crime films encourage violence and television documentaries stop people from thinking independently.
The relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic discussion when people try to explain different levels of ability in, for example, sport , art or music.

3.因果法：一是先果后因；二是先因后果
　　常用聯(lián)接詞： because, as, since + sentence; due to, owing to, result from + n./noun phrase (to give a reason);
　　therefore, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, because of this, hence, thus, thereby, for this reason + sentence; lead to, result in + n. (to give a result)

Good musicians or artists and exceptional sports stars have probably succeeded because of both good training and natural talent.

4.比較法：通過(guò)對(duì)兩個(gè)以上的事或人進(jìn)行對(duì)比。
　　常用聯(lián)接詞：To add a similar idea: likewise, similarly, at the same time, still, also;
　　To add an opposite idea: in contrast, instead, on the contrary, unlike, while, whilst, however, although, even though….

Eg. Such talents can give individuals a facility for certain skills that allow them to excel, while more hard-working students never manage to reach a comparable level.

其他論證方法
　　-下定義；
　　雅思考題之一：
　　A research reveals that one of the causes for youth crime is called “Peer Group Pressure”. What is it? What are the influences on children as well as the society?
　　Peer group pressure refers to the influence exerted by a peer group in encouraging a person to change his or her attitudes, values, or behaviour in order to conform to group norms.

-解釋說(shuō)明
　　When watching TV commercials, you can zero in on your potential choice by comparing the essential aspects of the advertised cars, including the price, the properties of the engine, the color, as well as the appearance.

-引用
　　Individual greed and selfishness are not something new. “The love of money is the root of all kinds of evil.”

-假設(shè)
　　Advertisements do have positive aspects. Suppose you have made your decision to buy a car, but you feel lost at what brand is your choice. Fortunately, advertisements come for your rescue.

For example, if sufficient sky trains and underground train systems were built and effectively maintained in our major cities, then traffic on the roads would be dramatically reduced.

讓步
　　While it is undeniable that private car use is one of the main causes of the increase in traffic and pollution, higher fuel costs are unlikely to limit the number of drivers for long.

推薦專(zhuān)家
	姓名：王立娥   電話：0532-80971857 電子郵箱：sophieqdwang@shinyway 所在地點(diǎn)：青島市閩江路2號(hào)國(guó)華經(jīng)典B座1001 咨詢國(guó)家/地區(qū)：null
【專(zhuān)業(yè)資歷】
畢業(yè)于英國(guó)斯旺西大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)，從事多年雅思、托福的語(yǔ)言教學(xué)工作，教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富，擅長(zhǎng)根據(jù)學(xué)生的具體情況因材施教，教學(xué)風(fēng)格細(xì)膩、風(fēng)趣、嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)， 深入淺出，容易掌握。最受學(xué)生歡迎。學(xué)員評(píng)價(jià)：耐心、細(xì)致、偱循善誘、容易接受
【成功案例】
唐同學(xué)，15個(gè)小時(shí)的寫(xiě)作課，雅思作文從4.5分提高到6分；于同學(xué)，短期閱讀培訓(xùn)后，取得雅思8.5分的高分。