判斷題是在雅思閱讀中占到舉足輕重地位的一大題型,一直以來都是考察的重點之一。學生可以從看題目找定位詞和考點入手,深入挖掘該題型的解題思路和竅門。關于定位詞的確定,大家比較熟悉,通常會選取特殊詞(如專有名詞,數字,標點符號等)或者替身較少的名詞,動詞等,而判斷題的考點詞有哪些呢?下面我們就一起來看一下。
雅思閱讀判斷題考點主要分成以下五種:
一.反義考點;
二.數字數量考點;
三.絕對詞考點;
四.比較考點;
五.邏輯考點(因果邏輯;時間邏輯)
一.反義考點詞
Q: Current thinking on humour has largely ignored Aristotle's view on the subject.(C5T2P2 Q17)
原文:But most modern humour theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle's belief that jokes are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.
題目中講到current thinking on humour極大地忽略了Aristotle的觀點,而原文則表示采取了,贊同Aristotle的一些觀點;題目和原文內容相反,因此答案為FALSE/NO.
二.數字數量考點
Q: More than 320,000 tonnes of salmon were caught in Alaska in 2000.
原文:During 2000, commercial catches of Pacific salmon in Alaska exceeded 320,000 tonnes, with an ex-vessel value of over $US260 million. (C7T4P2)
題目中的數字信息為“more than 320,000 tonnes of salmon”,原文中的數字信息為“exceeded 320,000 tonnes”,其中more than和exceeded屬于同義替換,因此答案為TRUE/YES.
Q: The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area.
原文:Interesting facts regarding transport were found: 95% was on foot; 80% was within the locality; and 70% was related to the collection of water and firewood and travelling to grinding mills.(C7T4P2)
題目中的數字信息為“one-fifth or 20%...outside the local area”,原文中的數字信息為“80%...within the locality”,該題不是直接的數字對應,而要進行簡單的加減法運算,這種情況大家需要注意。答案為TRUE/YES.
Q: Tourism contributes over six per cent of the Australian gross national product. (C10T3P1 Q6)
原文: This industry is the world's leading industrial contibutor, producing over 6 per cent of the world's gross national product and accounting for capital investment in excess of $422 billion in direct, indirect and personal taxes each year.
題目中的數字信息為“over six per cent of the Australian gross national product”而題目中則為“over 6 per cent of the world's gross national product”,雖然數字相同,但是我們還要注意數字修飾的內容,題目中為“澳大利亞生產總值的6%”,而原文則為“全球生產總值的6%”,因此答案為FALSE/NO.
三.絕對詞考點(all, must, every, most)
Q:The ISTP study examined public and private systems in every city of the world.
原文:The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world.
題目中出現了絕對詞every,表明“在全球的每個城市”,而原文中則表示“全球的37個城市”,并不是每個城市,因此答案為FALSE/NO.
Q: All cultures have been able to express large numbers clearly.
原文: The lack of ability of some cultures to deal with large numbers is not really surprising. (劍 5 Test 2 Q35 )
題目中出現了絕對詞all,表明“所有的文化都能夠清晰地表達大的數字”,而原文則表示“一些文化缺乏處理大數字的能力,而且這種現象不足為奇”,并不是每個文化都具備這種能力,因此答案為FALSE/NO.
Q:Only two Japanese pagodas have collapsed in 1400 years.
原文:Records show that only two have collapsed during the past 1400 years. (劍 7 Test 2, Q1 )
題目中出現絕對詞only,表示“在1400年間,只有兩個日本塔坍塌了。”原文中也出現only two,題目和原文意思一致,因此答案為TRUE/YES.
當題目中出現all, only, best, most等絕對詞時,答案為FALSE/NO的概率較大,但是也有特例,一切判斷以原文為主!!
四.比較考點詞( A is … than B 或者 A is as … as B)
Q: Early peoples found it easier to count by using fingers rather than a group of pebbles. (劍 6 Test 2 Q40 )
原文: … because it is possible to count by matching the items being counted against a group of pebbles, grains of corn, or the counter’s fingers.
題目中出現的比較對象是“fingers和a group of pebbles”,比較內容是難易程度,比較結果是fingers 要比a group of pebbles更加容易. 原文中出現了兩個比較對象,但是并未進行對比,因此答案為NOT GIVEN.
Q: Girls are more likely than boys to hold mistaken views about the rainforest’s destruction.
原文 1 : More girls (70%) than boys (60%) raised the idea of rainforest as animal habitats.
原文 2 : More girls (13%) than boys (5%) said that rainforests provided human habitats.
題目中出現的比較對象是boys and girls,比較內容和結果是女生比男生更有可能關于熱帶雨林的破壞持有錯誤的觀點;原文中有兩處出現了男女雙方的比較,第一處比較內容和結果是更多女生提出了把熱帶雨林作為動物棲息地的想法;第二處比較內容和結果是更多女生說熱帶雨林給人類提供了棲息地,并未出現題目中的對比內容,因此答案為NOT GIVEN.
Q: There is now a greater variety of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.
原文:In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates and pockets.
題目中將現在和過去的悉尼餐館的種類進行對比,結果是現在有更多的種類,而原文中只提到了現在悉尼的餐館種類很多,但是沒有提及過去的相關信息,因此答案為NOT GIVEN.
比較考點詞解題步驟:
1.先去原文中找題目中的比較雙方A 和 B ,如果有一方在原文中沒有出現,答案選 NOT GIVEN 。
2.如果A 和 B 都在原文中出現,但并未出現比較,答案選 NOT GIVEN 。
3.如果A 和 B 都在原文中出現,且出現比較,但比較的內容不一致,答案選 NOT GIVEN 。
4.如果 A 和 B 都在原文中出現,而且比較內容相同,則根據方向來判斷答案選 YES 或者 NO 。
五.邏輯考點詞
因果邏輯:
Q: Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water consumption. (C7T1P2)
原文:But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry.
題目中出現了表示因果的邏輯詞“lead to”,表示現代科技導致了家用水量的減少,原文中也出現了因果邏輯詞“thanks to”,表示由于新的科技幫助節(jié)約家庭和工業(yè)用水,每人的用水量減少了。題目和原文邏輯關系一致,因此答案為YES/TRUE.
Q: Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation systems.(C7T1P2)
原文:Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40% of the world's food.
題目中出現因果關系詞“due to”,表示先進的灌溉系統(tǒng)使養(yǎng)活日益增長的人口能為可能。原文中也出現因果關系“because of”,表示食物產量能夠和激增的人口保持一致是由于人工灌溉系統(tǒng)的擴張。題目和原文邏輯關系一致,因此答案為YES/TRUE.
因果邏輯詞匯總:
because of; due to; thanks to; owing to + 原因
so; lead to; result in; cause; thus, therefore, hence + 結果
時間邏輯:
Q: The history of Europe has been documented since 3000 BC.(C4T4P2)
原文:Conventional historical sources begin only with the introduction of written records around 3000 BC in western Asia, and much later in most other parts of the world.
題目中出現時間邏輯詞since,表示“從公元前3000開始,歐洲的歷史已經被記錄了”,而原文中表示“大約公元前3000年,只有西亞有記錄,在世界絕大多數其他地方則晚很多”,因此可以推測出歐洲的記錄發(fā)生在公元前3000年后,題目與原文不一致,因此答案為FALSE/NO.
以上是關于判斷題考點的解析,大家在做題的過程中還是要多多練習,準確把握考點信息,進而攻克判斷題。
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