托福TPO46聽(tīng)力Lecture真題解析

TPO，即toefl Practice Online的首寫(xiě)字母，就是托福在線練習(xí)的意思，TPO可以為考生提供全真的模擬考試環(huán)境和過(guò)往真題，而TPO題庫(kù)也是有著不斷的更新。在托福聽(tīng)力備考中，想要快速提升自己的托福聽(tīng)力能力，選擇好適合的練習(xí)材料是個(gè)非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。而對(duì)于很多備考托福的學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)，TPO往往就是一個(gè)首先的備考材料。今天，小編就為大家?guī)��?lái)托福TPO46聽(tīng)力Lecture真題解析。

托福TPO46聽(tīng)力Lecture1  【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about? 【題型】?jī)?nèi)容主旨題
A Various methods that ants use to locate food
B A collective behavior common to humans and animals
C A type of animal behavior and its application by humans
D Strategies that flocks of birds use to stay in formation
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：what

解析：(從第3“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：I’d like to continue our discussion of animal behavior and … concept we haven’t yet touch upon: swarm intelligence. 1’53”And swarm intelligence offers several… can be applied to other fields. )
C選項(xiàng)的animal behavior就是原文所說(shuō)的swarm intelligence. 選項(xiàng)中的application對(duì)應(yīng)原文的applied.

2. According to the professor, what behavior plays an important role in the way ants obtain food? 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A Ants usually take a different path when they return to their nest.
B Ants leave chemical trails when they are outside the nest.
C Small groups of ants search in different locations.
D Ants leave pieces of food along the path as markers.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：behavior, obtain food

解析：(從第55“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：The strongest pheromone path is advantageous to ants seeking food.)
Seeking food與題干的obtain food對(duì)應(yīng)。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

3. What are two principles of swarm intelligence based on the ant example?
(Click on 2 answers.) 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A Individuals are aware of the group goal.
B Individuals act on information in their local environment.
C Individuals follow a leader’s guidance.
D Individuals instinctively follow a set of rules.
答案：BD
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：principle

解析：(從第39“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：Each individual, each individual ant operates by instinctively following a simple set of rules when foraging for food. 1’29”And each ant acts on information it finds in its immediate local environment.)
B選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng) 1’29”的內(nèi)容。 D選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)39“的內(nèi)容。

4. According to the professor, what path is followed by both telephone calls on a network and ants seeking food? 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A The path with the least amount of activity
B The most crowded path
C The path that is most reinforced
D The path that has intermediate stopping points
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：what path, telephone calls

解析：(從第2‘53“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：The rule the telephone network follows is to always select the path that is most reinforced. So similar to the ant’s behavior, at each intermediate node, the call follows the path that is most reinforced.)
上文中出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞telephone及path。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

5. Why does the professor mention movies? 【題型】組織結(jié)構(gòu)題
A To identify movie scenes with computer-simulated flocks of birds
B To identify a good source of information about swarm intelligence
C To emphasize how difficult it still is to simulate bird flight
D To explain that some special effects in movies are based on swarm intelligence
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：movies

解析：(從第3‘43“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：and by the way, if you’re wondering how this approach can be of practical use for humans, the movie industry’s been trying create computer-generated flocks of birds in movie scenes….There have also been … using this bird flocking model of swarm intelligence.)
以上原文中出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞movies, 根據(jù)上文描述可知，D選項(xiàng)正確。

6. What is the professor’s attitude about attempts to create computer-generated crowds of people? 【題型】態(tài)度題
A She believes that the rules of birds’ flocking behavior do not apply to group behavior in humans.
B She thinks that crowd scenes could be improved by using the behavior of ant colonies as a model.
C She is surprised by how realistic the computer-generated crowds are.
D She is impressed that computer graphics can create such a wide range of emotions.
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：computer-generated crowds of people

解析：(從第4‘13“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：The three rules I mentioned might be great for bird simulations, but they don’t take into account the complexity and unpredictability of human behavior.)
原文but之后的內(nèi)容說(shuō)明了教授認(rèn)為用birds’ flocking behavior來(lái)嘗試制作computer-generated crowds of people是很復(fù)雜的，不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。故A選項(xiàng)正確。

托福TPO46聽(tīng)力Lecture2     【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about? 【題型】?jī)?nèi)容主旨題
A Techniques for creating lifelike portraits
B Theories about a preference in portrait painting
C Reasons for a decline in the popularity of portrait painting
D Ways researchers determine whether a painting is authentic
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：what

解析：(從第17”開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：And for some reason, western European artists have historically tended to show the left-side of the subject’s face, more than the right.)
講座開(kāi)始部分教授說(shuō)由于某些原因，西歐的藝術(shù)家在作畫(huà)時(shí)傾向于展示物體左邊的臉。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

2. According to the professor, what change occurred in portrait paintings over time? 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A Portrait artists became more skilled at painting profiles.
B Portrait artists began painting a greater variety of subjects.
C The percentage of left profiles decreased.
D A left profile became a symbol of the subject’s social status.
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：change

解析：(從第43“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：And interestingly enough, this tendency to show the left side has diminished over time, especially in the 20th century.)
C選項(xiàng)的decreased與原文的diminished對(duì)應(yīng)。故C選項(xiàng)正確。

3. What point does the professor emphasize by his discussion of the lithograph The Potato Eaters? 【題型】功能題
A Profiles are more difficult to create than head-on portraits.
B Some artists consider the direction of the profile a key element in a portrait.
C Most group portraits include both left and right profiles.
D The direction of a profile is usually determined by the characteristics of the subject.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：The Potato Eaters

解析：(從第1‘00“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：We do know that for many artists, the choice of left side, right side was very important. There is an image by the Dutch painter Vincent Van Gogh called the Potato Eaters that shows the profiles of a group of farmers.)
B選項(xiàng)的a key element與上文中的important對(duì)應(yīng)，上文的后一句是針對(duì)前一句舉的例子。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

4. According to the professor, what is the problem with the "right-handed" hypothesis? 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A Left-handed artists are equally comfortable painting left and right profiles.
B Right hands tend to cover up facial features when painting left profiles.
C Statistics show that right-handed artists tend to paint right profiles.
D Left hands are less likely to cast shadows when painting right profiles.
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：problem, hypothesis

解析：(從第2‘14“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：But if that hypothesis, let’s call it the right-handed hypothesis, was correct, you’d… find it easier to paint right profiles. But the research suggests that left-handed artists find it just as easy to paint left profiles as right.)
But一詞對(duì)上文的結(jié)論給予了否定，所以其后的內(nèi)容正是"right-handed" hypothesis的problem所在。故A選項(xiàng)正確。

5. What does the professor imply about the "studio organization" hypothesis? 【題型】推斷題
A It has been disproved by recent studies.
B It accounts for an important change in portrait painting.
C It is based on a study of a relatively small number of portraits.
D It was first proposed by the owner of a modern-day portrait studio.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：studio organization

解析：(從第3‘29“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：All right, what about the way the artists’studio is organized, specifically the light source…So if you’re a right-handed artists, you’d… And if the light’s coming from your left, you’d want your subject to turn to their right into the light.)
上文的studio is organized對(duì)應(yīng)題干的studio organization，從以上原文的敘述中，可知professor所說(shuō)的“studio organization" hypothesis 對(duì)portrait painting有影響。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

6. Why does the student say this: 【題型】功能題(重聽(tīng)題)
A To explain why he prefers to paint left profiles
B To point out a difference between adult portraits and baby portraits
C To point out a fact that contradicts the "parental imprinting" hypothesis
D To provide support for the "parental imprinting” hypothesis
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：why

解析：(從第2‘55“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：Well, my sister just had a baby and she keeps talking about how her left arm is getting so much stronger than her right.)
學(xué)生說(shuō)這話之前，教授說(shuō)“Well, another theory is what’s known as the parental imprinting hypothesis, which proposes that people are more used to seeing….”
所以學(xué)生說(shuō)的這句話是為了support教授的"parental imprinting” hypothesis，故D選項(xiàng)正確。

托福TPO46聽(tīng)力Lecture3  【在線咨詢】

1.What is the lecture mainly about? 【題型】?jī)?nèi)容主旨題
A The economic factors that made lapis lazuli expensive
B The types of paintings in which the color blue is popular
C Early processes for making blue pigments from stones
D Difficulties using the color blue in early paintings
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：what

解析：(從第16”開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：It was believed that blue couldn’t be an important color in a painting because…well…it tends to recede into the background.)
講座開(kāi)始部分，教授明確說(shuō)明了講座的主題。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

2. What was Gainsborough's goal when he painted The Blue Boy? 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A To find an acceptable alternative to ultramarine pigment
B To demonstrate that blue should be used only in certain paintings
C To contradict a common belief about the use of blue in a painting
D To protest the high costs of painting with most blue pigments
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：The Blue Boy

解析：(從第26“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：So to show otherwise, Gainsborough created the Blue Boy, with the boy featured large in his famous blue clothes…and…well…I guess he proved his point.)
C 選項(xiàng)的contradict對(duì)應(yīng)原文的otherwise, 且根據(jù)講座的主題“Difficulties using the color blue in early paintings”可知，C選項(xiàng)正確。

3. What does the professor imply about smalt as a substitute for lapis lazuli? 【題型】推斷題
A It eventually became as expensive as lapis lazuli.
B It was used frequently throughout the nineteenth century.
C It was not of an acceptable quality for many artists.
D It was seen as a better substitute for lapis lazuli than azurite was.
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：smalt

解析：(從第1‘16“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：There’s evidence that artists would try to get around these difficulties. For example, use pigment from lapis lazuli or azurite very sparingly, and also use something cheaper, like smalt, which was made of ground glass. Thing is , smalt became discolored over time.)
從上文的smalt became discolored over time.可知，C選項(xiàng)正確。

4. What two points does the professor make about the process of turning lapis lazuli into ultramarine?(Click on 2 answers.)【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A It took a lot of time.
B It required expensive tools.
C It did not produce much pigment.
D It was perfected by the French.
答案：AC
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：turning lapis lazuli into ultramarine

解析：(從第2‘32“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：The process was time-consuming, which also contributed to the high cost of producing ultramarine, and it didn’t even yield much usable pigment.)
A 選項(xiàng)中的a lot of time對(duì)一個(gè)原文的time-consuming. C 選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)原文的didn’t even yield much usable pigment.其中produce對(duì)應(yīng)yield.

5. Why does the professor mention the French government? 【題型】組織結(jié)構(gòu)題
A To indicate who sponsored the digging of additional lapis lazuli mines
B To emphasize the importance of developing an affordable blue pigment
C To point out that artists were not permitted to use certain stones to make pigments
D To question the government’s use of public funds to support the arts
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：French government

解析：(從第2‘41“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：As a result, the French government sponsored a competition in 1824 to find a cheaper way to make ultramarine pigment.)
上文提到了French government, 句中的不定式to find回答了題干所問(wèn)。B選項(xiàng)的affordable對(duì)應(yīng)原文的cheaper,故B選項(xiàng)正確。

6. What does the professor imply when he says this: 【題型】推斷題
A He is not convinced the Egyptians made the first synthetic pigment
B He is impressed by the Egyptians’ accomplishment.
C The process the Egyptians used is now widely known.
D The Egyptian pigment was of lower quality than today's pigments.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：what, imply

解析：(從第1‘57“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：Actually, the ancient Egyptians did manage to make an artificial blue, the first synthetic pigment in fact, if you can believe that.)
原文的did manage使用的是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，說(shuō)明了Egyptians的貢獻(xiàn)。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

托福TPO46聽(tīng)力Lecture4     【在線咨詢】

1. What does the professor mainly discuss?(Click on 2 answers.) 【題型】?jī)?nèi)容主旨題
A Reasons for fluctuations in the price of copper
B Some important attributes of copper
C The production of coins from copper and zinc
D The possible future of the United States penny
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：what

解析：(從第3“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：So that’s the first thing that comes to mind when we talk about uses for copper.)
講座主要討論了copper的用途，B選項(xiàng)與此吻合，為正確選項(xiàng)。

2. What arguments in favor of keeping the penny in circulation does the professor emphasize?(Click on 2 answers.)【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A Some people are emotionally attached to pennies.
B Pennies cost very little to produce.
C The price of consumer goods could rise.
D The copper industry’s profits depend on the production of pennies.
答案：AC
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：keeping the penny

解析：(從第1‘34“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：Also, some of us are pretty attached to pennies for whatever reason, nostalgia, and then those collectors. 1’46” Another scenario is that, without pennies,… So consumer goods would become slightly more expensive.)
A選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)1‘34“的內(nèi)容。C選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)1’46” 的內(nèi)容。

3. What does the professor say about the negative seigniorage of the nickel? 【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題
A The United States government is looking for ways to reduce it.
B It is significantly greater than that of the penny.
C It is less of a problem than some people believe it to be.
D Merchants benefit from it more than consumers do.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：negative seigniorage

解析：(從第1‘26“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：But the nickel’s negative seigniorage is even worse than the pennies. Each nickel costs the US　mint 10 cents to produce.)
B選項(xiàng)的greater 與上文的worse對(duì)應(yīng)。故B選項(xiàng)正確。

4. Why does the professor mention the trumpet and trombone? 【題型】組織結(jié)構(gòu)題
A To compare the sound-generating properties of copper with those of zinc
B To exemplify the benefits of mixing copper with other metals
C To point out that copper can be shaped into a variety of forms
D To point out that objects containing copper can shine like gold
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：trumpet and trombone

解析：(從第2‘46“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：Copper also has superior alloying properties, it’s …you know, when it’s combined with other metals. For instance, how many of you play a brass instrument, like a trumpet or a trombone… if…it wouldn’t sound nearly as beautiful as a brass trombone.)
根據(jù)原文，trombone如果是由純copper或zinc制作的話，那么其聲音就不會(huì)像brass trombone那么好聽(tīng)，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。

5. What does the professor imply about the green patina that sometimes appears on copper? 【題型】推斷題
A It is difficult to remove by conventional means.
B It adds to the beauty of objects made of copper.
C It serves a useful function.
D It reduces the conductivity of copper.
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：the green patina

解析：(從第3‘29“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)：But in time, a green film , called a patina, forms and the patina actually serves to halt any further corrosion. )
原文中的serves to halt any further corrosion說(shuō)明了copper表面的的green patina 的作用，故C選項(xiàng)正確。

6. Why does the professor say this: 【題型】功能題(重聽(tīng)題)
A He wants the woman to realize her own mistake.
B He wants the woman to support her point with precise numbers.
C He realizes he neglected to mention an important detail.
D He shares the woman’s concern about the copper industry.
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：why

解析：(從第2‘10“開(kāi)始，原文重現(xiàn)： But how much copper do pennies actually contain?)

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