托福TPO48聽力Lecture真題解析

TPO，即toefl Practice Online的首寫字母，就是托福在線練習的意思，TPO可以為考生提供全真的模擬考試環(huán)境和過往真題，而TPO題庫也是有著不斷的更新。在托福聽力備考中，想要快速提升自己的托福聽力能力，選擇好適合的練習材料是個非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。而對于很多備考托福的學生來說，TPO往往就是一個首先的備考材料。今天，小編就為大家?guī)�來托福TPO48聽力Lecture真題解析。

托福TPO48聽力Lecture1 (Art History)  【在線咨詢】

1. What aspect of Georgia O’Keeffe’s work do the speakers mainly discuss?
A. The kinds of objects that she selected for her paintings
B. The influence of her painting style on photography
C. The major abstract elements in her photographs
D. The techniques that contributed to her distinctive style
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：aspect

解析：原文首先引出介紹人物Georgia O’Keeffe，她的畫和攝影作品很相像，是因為她會給物體畫特寫，也會讓物體與背景分離，她這樣抽象地描述具體事物是為了讓觀眾用新的角度看待普通事物，所以全文討論了Georgia O’Keeffe是用什么手法讓自己的畫與眾不同，對應選項D中：The techniques that contributed to her distinctive style。

2. According to the professor, what characteristics of Large Dark Red Leaves on White indicate that it could not be a photograph?
Click on 2 answers.
A. It depicts leaves in a setting that appears to be abstract.
B. It is larger than most photographs of the time.
C. It shows less realistic detail than a photograph does.
D. It included colors that could not have been reproduced in a photograph.
答案：BD
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：not be a photograph

解析：從01:35開始，老師說：I mean chronologically that would be impossible，說明之后要出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，老師繼續(xù)說：When she did that painting, color film hadn't even been invented yet，說明這幅畫創(chuàng)作時還沒有彩色膠卷，對應選項D中：… colors … not … in a photograph，老師繼續(xù)說：Neither … blow pictures up that big …，說明那時的照片還沒能放那么大，對應選項B中：It is larger than most photographs of the time。

3. According to the professor, what principles did Arthur Wesley Dow emphasize in his art classes?
Click on 2 answers.
A. Focusing on simple forms
B. Using color to reveal the essence of an object
C. Separating a form from its natural surroundings
D. Exaggerating the size of a form
答案：AC
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：principles did Arthur Wesley Dow

解析：從02:32開始，老師說：Also, O'Keeffe studied under an artist named Arthur Wesley Dow，說明之后要出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，老師繼續(xù)說道：That's DOW, D-O-W, who advocated focusing on simple basic forms, like the lines of a flower and its petals，說明此人專注于簡單的形式， 對應選項A中：Focusing on simple forms，老師繼續(xù)說道：and he wanted forms to be isolated from their original settings，說明此人希望把形式和原來背景分開，對應選項C中：Separating a form from its natural surroundings。

4. In his discussion of O’Keeffe’s style, why does the professor describe Large Dark Red Leaves on White?
A. To give an example of a painting that was copied from a photograph
B. To give an example of an abstract interpretation of real objects
C. To point out that some of O’Keeffe’s subjects were represented in their natural setting
D. To point out the similarities between O’Keeffe’s works and works of other artists
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：Large Dark Red Leaves on White

解析：從03:50開始，老師說：In the painting Jennifer mentioned, Large Dark Red Leaves on White…，說明之前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，老師前面說道：O'Keeffe liked to create abstract interpretations of real objects，說明提到這幅畫的目的是為了舉例說明O'Keeffe喜歡抽象地理解具體的事物， 對應選項B中：…example … abstract interpretation … real objects。

5. According to the professor, what effect did O’Keeffe expect her paintings to have on viewers?
A. The paintings would create the same personal associations as they did for O’Keeffe.
B. The paintings would make people see ordinary things in a new way.
C. The paintings would mistakenly be seen as photographs.
D. The paintings would inspire an appreciation for nature.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：effect

解析：從04:36開始，老師說：She didn't expect other people to experience the object the way she did，說明之后要出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，She knew … hang their own associations on it …，說明O’Keeffe希望別人可以有自己的聯(lián)想， 對應選項B中：… in a new way，然后老師繼續(xù)補充道：But at least … they'd never really paid much attention to，對應B選項中：see ordinary things。

6. Why does the professor say this: ?
A. To emphasize a point that he made earlier about O’Keeffe’s works
B. To emphasize that the student should have observed the painting more closely
C. To indicate that the student’s conclusion about O’Keeffe was not foolish
D. To indicate that he had not understood the student’s point about the painting
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：good observation

解析：重聽之處從01:27開始，老師說：No, no. That's a really good observation，這句話之前學生說：Oh, oh, okay. What was I thinking? I guess I should have had a closer look，說明老師在肯定學生的結(jié)論并不是完全不合理，對應選項C中：To indicate that the student’s conclusion about O’Keeffe was not foolish。

托福TPO48聽力Lecture2 (Earth Science)    【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about?
A. Ways to determine the ages of volcanic islands
B. Criteria for classifying various types of volcanoes
C. Explanations for why volcanoes occur in some locations
D. Methods for measuring magma produced by volcanoes
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly about

解析：全文首先介紹夏威夷群島火山是在大陸板塊中央，然后給出熱點理論解釋，然后再給出兩種理論地幔柱理論和裂縫理論解釋這些熱點的形成，全文都在解釋出現(xiàn)在板塊中間的火山石如何形成的，對應選項C中：Explanations for why volcanoes occur in some locations。

2. According to the professor, why was the hot spot theory originally proposed?
A. To explain prolonged volcanic activity far from plate boundaries
B. To explain why volcanoes form both on land and in the ocean
C. To explain variations in the amounts of magma produced by volcanoes
D. To explain why volcanoes may become inactive after millions of years
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：originally proposed

解析：從00:30開始，老師說：Wilson came up with a hot-spot theory to explain how …, and can go on for maybe tens or even hundreds of millions of years，說明之前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，之前老師說：But some volcanoes occur not at the edges, but in the middle of a continental or oceanic plate …，說明這個理論的提出是為了解釋為什么長時間的火山活動會出現(xiàn)在大陸板塊的中間，對應選項A中：To explain prolonged volcanic activity far from plate boundaries。

3. Why does the professor describe moving a sheet of heavy paper over a candle?
A. To clarify that plumes do not produce great amounts of heat
B. To describe an experiment he would like the students to conduct
C. To illustrate one hypothesis for the way some volcanic anomalies are formed
D. To emphasize the thinness of some of Earth’s tectonic plates
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：heavy paper over a candle

解析：從01:33開始，老師說：Imagine a burning candle, and imagine moving a sheet of heavy paper slowly over the flame of the candle，說明之前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，之前老師說：According to this hypothesis, plumes, uh, basically columns of extremely hot magma，說明蠟燭是為了解釋地幔柱理論，對應選項C中：To illustrate one hypothesis …。

4. Why does the professor discuss how high one of the Hawaiian Islands rises above the ocean floor?
A. To provide evidence supporting the plume hypothesis
B. To compare the Hawaiian Island to other volcanic islands in the Pacific Ocean
C. To point out a common difference between volcanic mountains and other types of mountains
D. To emphasize that hotspot volcanoes can produce large amounts of magma
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：Hawaiian Islands

解析：從02:36開始，老師說：… Big Island Hawaii is one of the tallest topographic features on the planet，說明之后馬上要出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，老師繼續(xù)說：So, you can imagine the huge amounts of magma, or lava …，說明強調(diào)高度是為了強調(diào)巖漿很多，對應選項D中：To emphasize that hotspot volcanoes can produce large amounts of magma。

5. According to the crack hypothesis, what causes a hot spot?
A. Hot magma rises from deep in Earth to melt a piece of the crust.
B. Hot magma flows out through a break in the side of an active volcano.
C. Hot magma flows up through spaces created between tectonic plates as they move.
D. Hot magma flows up at a point where a tectonic plate has been stretched thin.
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：crack hypothesis

解析：從04:04開始，老師說：But one well-regarded theory is the crack hypothesis，說明之后馬上要出現(xiàn)這道題的答案了，老師繼續(xù)說：… hot spots are created when … crust gets stretched thinner and thinner and … small cracks to open up at weak spots …, and it's through these cracks that magma … form volcanoes，說明根據(jù)裂縫理論，巖漿是從因延展而變薄的地殼縫中涌出，對應選項D中：Hot magma … a point … plate … stretched thin。

6. What is the professor’s opinion of the two main hypotheses he presents?
A. Neither hypothesis can explain the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.
B. Each hypothesis accounts for some, but not all volcanic anomalies.
C. Each hypothesis explains the formation of more volcanoes than plate tectonics does.
D. The studies supporting the crack hypothesis are more convincing than those supporting the plume hypothesis.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：opinion of the two main hypotheses

解析：從04:38開始，老師說：This hypothesis is attractive, because it fits with …, but how well does it explain the Hawaiian Islands，說明裂縫理論可以解釋一些現(xiàn)象但是不能解釋Hawaiian，而這正是地幔柱理論所能解釋的，說明兩種理論都只能解釋局部而不是全部，對應選項B中：Each … some, but not all …。

托福TPO48聽力Lecture3 (Biology)    【在線咨詢】

1. What is the professor mainly discussing?
A. Different ways that scientists use the term “symbiosis”
B. A specific kind of symbiotic relationship between organiss
C. A butterfly species that competes with another insect species
D. Reasons why symbiosis is considered a subtyle of mutualism
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly discussing

解析：全文首先介紹互惠關(guān)系是共生關(guān)系的一種，再舉例蝴蝶毛蟲和螞蟻來說明某種互惠關(guān)系，最后再介紹這種互惠關(guān)系中的兩種生物體受益程度并不相等，說明全文在討論，對應選項B中：A specific kind of symbiotic relationship between organisms。

2. What does the professor imply about the term “symbiosis”?
A. It is often used with too narrow a meaning.
B. It is used incorrectly in the students’ textbook.
C. The original definition is difficult to understand.
D. It is applied only to organisms of the same species.
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：symbiosis

解析：從00:22開始，學生說：Now, I am kind of confused about it, because the book used that definition to describe mutualism. Could you explain the difference，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，再具體解釋共生和互惠之后老師總結(jié)說：Symbiosis, general term; mutualism, a narrower or more specific kind of symbiosis，說明共生這個術(shù)語通常意義變窄成為互惠這個術(shù)語，對應選項A中：… used … too narrow a meaning。

3. How do the butterflies mentioned by the professor facilitate the relationship between caterpillars and ants of a certain species?
A. The butterflies have a sweet smell that attracts the ants.
B. The butterflies lay their eggs under rocks where the ants lay their eggs.
C. The butterflies lay their eggs on plants where the ants are present.
D. The butterflies identify a food source for both ants and caterpillars.
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：facilitate the relationship

解析：從02:28開始，老師說：Their interaction with ants is obligatory. So, this is what happens，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，老師繼續(xù)說：A female butterfly of these Coppers and Blues will lay eggs only on vegetation where there are ants of a particular species，說明蝴蝶只會把卵產(chǎn)在有某種螞蟻的植物上，對應選項C中：The butterflies … eggs on plants … ants ...。

4. In the example the professor mentions, how do the ants benefit from their interaction with the caterpillars?
A. The caterpillars protect the ants’ eggs from predators.
B. The caterpillars help the ants find a particular plant.
C. The caterpillars produce a liquid to prevent ants from getting infections.
D. The caterpillars produce a liquid from a species gland to feed the ants.
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：ants benefit from

解析：從03:21開始，老師說：Now, why would the ants go through all this trouble? What's their benefit? Mary，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，在學生猜測完畢之后老師給出答案：You are pretty close actually. The caterpillars have a honey gland, …, enough to feed several ants，說明毛蟲某腺體會產(chǎn)生蜂蜜可以喂飽幾只螞蟻，對應選項D中：The caterpillars … liquid … gland to feed the ants。

5. What aspect of mutualism does the professor illustrate with the example of the caterpillars and the ants?
A. Both organisms need the relationship for survival.
B. It is not necessary for both organisms to benefit equally from the relationship.
C. There is more benefit for the organism that is less dependent on the relationship.
D. The relationship does not need to be beneficial to both organisms.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：aspect of mutualism

解析：從04:25開始，學生說：Ok, I just want to make sure I'm following here，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，學生繼續(xù)總結(jié)說：… So it's still called mutualism even though … caterpillar's … more … they don't have to equally benefit…，說明在互惠關(guān)系中兩個生物體受益程度并不相等，對應選項B中：… not necessary … both … benefit equally … relationship。

6. What can be inferred about the student when she says this: ?
A. She needs more time to think about the answer.
B. She is almost certain that caterpillars produce honey.
C. She thinks her statement may be misunderstood.
D. She doubts that her statement is correct.
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：On second thought

解析：從03:42開始，學生說：Maybe caterpillars produce honey somehow. On second thought, um, I'm probably way off，說明學生細想之后感覺自己的陳述并不正確，對應選項D中：She doubts that her statement is correct。

托福TPO48聽力Lecture4 (American History)    【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about?
A. Ways that new managerial techniques hastened the industrialization of American society in the nineteenth century
B. Ways that the United States government tried to regulate business practices in the nineteenth century
C. Reasons that business leaders gained political power in the late nineteenth-century United States
D. A comparison of the management styles of Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly about

解析：全文首先介紹19世紀美國，權(quán)利從政客轉(zhuǎn)向商人，然后舉例說明垂直整合和壟斷控制讓兩位商人大獲成功，接著介紹當時的政治環(huán)境相對寬松讓企業(yè)自由發(fā)展，說明全文都在介紹為什么十九世紀的商人可以獲得更多的政治權(quán)力，對應選項C中：Reasons … business … political power … late nineteenth-century United States。

2. Why does the professor discuss vertical integration?
A. To explain how Andrew Carnegie gained control of the steel industry
B. To describe the most typical organization for businesses in the nineteenth century
C. To explain how John D. Rockefeller organized the oil industry
D. To explain the origins of the business trust
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：vertical integration

解析：從00:57開始，老師說：Well, consider the example of Andrew Carnegie and the steel industry，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，老師總結(jié)例子時說：…He practiced Vertical Integration on such a large scale that he practically owned the whole steel industry，說明討論垂直整合是為了說明Andrew Carnegie是如何控制鋼鐵行業(yè)的，對應選項A中：To explain how Andrew Carnegie gained control of the steel industry。

3. In what two ways did business leaders make a positive contribution to the United States in the nineteenth century?
A. They invested in new production technologies.
B. They raised wage levels.
C. They improved safety conditions.
D. They supported charitable causes.
答案：AD
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：a positive contribution

解析：從04:15開始，老師說：But also, the truth is that these industry leaders made a significant contribution，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，老師繼續(xù)說：Their investments in technologies led to the development of many new production techniques, 說明他們投資了新的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)，對應選項A中：They invested in new production technologies，然后老師繼續(xù)說：many of them gave lots of money to charity，說明他們還扶持慈善事業(yè)，對應選項D中：They supported charitable causes。

4. According to the professor, what is the main reason that some businesses were able to become powerful during the nineteenth century?
A. The government assisted businesses when they had financial difficulties.
B. Taxation was based upon the profitability of a business.
C. The government did not impose many regulations on businesses.
D. Some government officials once held influential positions in large businesses.
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：become powerful

解析：從04:41開始，老師說：But there was one thing in particular that gave them power，說明之后就要出現(xiàn)答案了，老師繼續(xù)說：…, a dominant political theory in the 19th century, … laissez-faire doctrine. … "let it alone". ... The idea was that government should leave business alone, allow it to operate unregulated，說明當時企業(yè)強大的原因是政府沒有施加太多管束，對應選項C中：The government … not … regulations … businesses。

5. Why did the government pass new laws aimed at businesses?
A. To correct mistakes made by the judicial system
B. To respond to complaints from the public
C. To increase employment rates
D. To increase tax revenue from large industries
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：pass new laws

解析：從05:38開始，老師說：So there was bad press, bad publicity, enough that the government eventually felt it had to do something. So it passed two key pieces of legislation，說明之前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)答案了，老師前面說：But over time, … troubling to the public … big companies … too much control，說明政府之所以通過法律是為了應對民眾抱怨，對應選項B中：To respond to complaints from the public。

6. What does the professor imply about the term “trust” when she says this: ?
A. She should not have mentioned the term.
B. It is unnecessary to explain the details of the term.
C. She wants the students to explain the term to her later.
D. She wants to discuss a different term.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：trust

解析：從02:50開始，老師說：A trust is... well I don't have to go into that now，老師繼續(xù)說：What matters is that a trust created a single, central management team，說明沒有必要具體展開解釋術(shù)語，對應選項B中：It is unnecessary to explain the details of the term。

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