說到雅思聽力中的時態(tài)問題，同學(xué)們可能會“望而生畏”。一個在中文中沒有的概念，在英語里卻有16種時態(tài)區(qū)別。對于這兩種語言上的差別，看都看不過來，更不用說聽了。不過大家也不用太過擔(dān)心，在雅思聽力當中的時態(tài)考點，只考3種區(qū)別，也就是過去，現(xiàn)在，將來3種時態(tài)。簡單地說，考點就在于“過去有的”，“現(xiàn)在已有”，“將來會有”，大家只要把3種時態(tài)相關(guān)信號詞掌握即可。
下面舉兩個例子
例1：劍橋真題8，test3, section 1的第9-10題。
Which TWO facilities in the district of Devon Close are open to the public at the moment?
A. museum
B. concert hall
C. cinema
D. sports centre
E. swimming pool
當看到這個題干的時候，大家就應(yīng)該注意到，題目的考點即時態(tài)，關(guān)鍵詞“at the moment”也就是選擇與“現(xiàn)在”相對應(yīng)的選項。
錄音原文如下：
Man： Why’s that part of town so popular?
Woman: Well, there’s a big scheme to improve the district, and it’ll soon have the best facilities for miles around.
Man: What sort of thing?
Woman: There is a big sports center under construction, which will be very impressive when it’s finished. In fact the swimming pool’s already opened ahead of schedule, and it’s attracting a lot of people.
Man: What about cinemas: are there are any in the area?
Woman: The only one closed down last year, and it’s now in the process of being converted into a film museum. The local people are trying to get a new cinema added to the scheme..
Man: I think I hear something about a plan to replace the existing concert hall with a larger one.
Woman: Ah, that’s due to start next year.
注意到相關(guān)的時間考點詞，大家可以很容易地把“過去有的”和“將來會有”的選項排除，選擇“現(xiàn)在已有”的B,E選項。
例2：劍橋真題8， Test 2, section 3, Question 21
Where in Australia have Asian honey bees been found in the past?
A. Queensland
B. New South Wales
C. Severl states
觀察題干，大家可以發(fā)現(xiàn)時態(tài)考點詞“in the past”，即所選答案應(yīng)該是對應(yīng)“過去有的”。
錄音原文：
Anyway, my current research involves trying to find a particular type of bee, the Asian Honey Bee, and finding out whether there are any of them around in various states of Australia. We discovered a few of them in Queensland once and eradicated them. Now, we’re pretty keen to make sure that there aren’t any more getting in, particularly to New South Wales and other states.
注意聽”once”和 “Now” 這兩個信號詞，就很容易把正確答案“Queensland”，即A選項聽出來。 把混淆信息“New South Wales and other states”即 B,C選項排除。
通過這個兩個例子，大家也應(yīng)該注意到，不論是第一部分還是第二部分，不論生活場景還是學(xué)術(shù)場景，時態(tài)都作為一重要考點。而區(qū)分時態(tài)，不需要太過糾結(jié)于動詞變化上的一些細節(jié)，比如到底是 did, 還是 had done, 還是has done。因為一個具體動詞的詞尾變化，或者had, has 這樣的助動詞，在念的過程都可能弱化，導(dǎo)致聽不到答案。
大家更應(yīng)該注意的是將中英文融會貫通，主動去聽像我們中文表達中的一些表示時間的狀語，比如now, past, future, last, next等，和描述事物存在性的形容詞，比如 used, existing等。希望大家在做題的時候能多多積累整理，攻克雅思聽力中的時態(tài)關(guān)！
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