雅思寫作開頭段思考方法

 雅思寫作被認(rèn)為是雅思考試?yán)镒铍y學(xué)習(xí)的一項，也是中國考生最弱的一項。而究其原因，無外乎語法問題、審題扣題不準(zhǔn)、用詞不準(zhǔn)確地道（中式）、拓展不具體或邏輯不夠清晰連貫等幾個方面不足。對雅思大作文而言，雖然開頭結(jié)尾并不是非常重要，但同樣難倒了不少烤鴨們，而其中很重要的原因就是依賴模板而拒絕主動思考。今天我們就來談?wù)勯_頭段的思考方法和相應(yīng)練習(xí)。

開頭段通常包含三個部分，背景＋話題＋個人觀點，其中背景和個人觀點是可以選擇省略的，而背景是我建議學(xué)生一定會舍棄的部分，因為沒有太大的必要性，反而顯得拖沓不夠簡潔。

常見的模版有，peoplestillhavemixedviewsonwhether…, there is a phenomenon about…, the issue of whether… has received much public attention等等，這些模版由于太機(jī)械化，而且覆蓋面太大，導(dǎo)致雖然能扣在不同的題目上，但是與具體題目的關(guān)聯(lián)度太低，并不像是一篇文章有機(jī)的組成部分，就像一身紅衣配了一頂綠帽子，不搭。而學(xué)生依賴這些模版的原因主要有兩個，一點是學(xué)生在以前的學(xué)習(xí)中養(yǎng)成了只是背誦不主動思考的習(xí)慣，并且基礎(chǔ)太弱，而另外一點是他們并不知道這是會影響分?jǐn)?shù)的。

那么如何寫開頭句？主要注意三點：

l   針對題目寫一個客觀事實或現(xiàn)象

2   使用簡單和準(zhǔn)確的句子

3   運用地道詞組和表達(dá)

1     強調(diào)某個事物對我們很重要或者有影響

題目1：Some people think music plays an important role in our society. Others think it is only a form of individual entertainment. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.

開頭句：Listening to music or playing musical instruments is a popular hobby.

題目2: some people think that men and women have different qualities. Therefore, some certain jobs are suitable for men and some jobs are suitable for women. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

 開頭句：women play an increasingly important role in the workforce. 

2     強調(diào)某個變化或者現(xiàn)象是好事

題目1：Rich countries often give financial aid to poor countries, but is does not solve poverty, so rich countries should give other types of help to the poor countries rather than financial aid. To what extend do you agree or disagree?

開頭句：International aid has made a positive difference to some Third World countries.

題目2：Developments of technologies are causing environmental problems. Some people think the solution is that everyone accepts a simpler life, while others believe that technology can solve these problems. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

 開頭句：Technology has revolutionised the ways we live our lives.

3        強調(diào)某個變化或者現(xiàn)狀是壞事

題目1：Some groups, such as poor people and people from rural areas, think universities should make it especially easy for them to get access to university education. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

開頭句：Many children from poor homes or rural areas have limited access to education.

題目2：Somepeoplethinkit is necessary to use animals for testing medicines intended for human use. Others, however, think it is cruel to do that. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

開頭句：Animal testing has become pervasive and presented a challenge to animal welfare.

開頭句之后，就要寫話題句和表達(dá)觀點句。觀點句大家非常熟悉了，如in myopinion/personally/from my perspective, I believe/think/hold/am in favor of等等，在此就不再贅述。而最重要的（on topofthis），還是話題的引入能反應(yīng)學(xué)生的英文表達(dá)能力和詞伙積累。

例1：In schools and universities, girls tend to choose arts subjects, while boys choose science subjects. What is the reason? Should the trend be changed?

話題句：It seems that there are substantial gender differences in choosing subjects at school.

這句就很準(zhǔn)確地轉(zhuǎn)述了題目所講的topic，即不同性別對選課呈現(xiàn)出的差異。而不是簡單地按照題目的語序和結(jié)構(gòu)，去表達(dá)“男生更喜歡…而女生更喜歡…”的意思。

例2：Some people think that the amount of noise people make have to be controlled strictly, others say that people are free to make as much as they wish. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

話題句：We are exposed to different kinds of noise every day, which can break our concentration and disturb our work.

題目是討論雙邊類，一般而言，同學(xué)們會選擇“some people support that, while others argue”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)述題目的內(nèi)容，而這幾乎與題目是一樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。但仔細(xì)審題后會發(fā)現(xiàn)，題目中包含對于amountofnoise的definition不清楚的爭議，因此通過點出這一核心關(guān)鍵詞（noise的分類討論），以及對它進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)脑u價即可。

例3：In the last century, the first man to walk on the moon said it was "a giant leap for mankind”. However, some people think it has made little difference to our daily lives. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

話題句：It is often argued that the act of sending a man to the moon has been of no benefit to normal people.

對于argument題型，只要轉(zhuǎn)述質(zhì)疑的那句話的意思即可，所以表達(dá)出“登月對部分人而而言并未對生活造成太大變化”就行了，而“has been of no benefit to”與“has made little difference to”的同義替換，以及“the act of sending a man to the moon”與“it”的同義替換都很好地做到了這一點。