托福閱讀三大常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤

對(duì)于托福閱讀理解，很多學(xué)生都感嘆單詞量是自己的”Achilles’ heel” �？甚r有學(xué)生會(huì)意識(shí)到自己的“瓶頸”也會(huì)是在其他方面，因此把大把的時(shí)間花在了無(wú)休止的背單詞上。首先，我們要肯定單詞對(duì)于閱讀文章的基礎(chǔ)性識(shí)別作用，但同時(shí)，我也想和大家分享一下，托福閱讀常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤，幫助同學(xué)們攻克托福閱讀。

托福閱讀常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤一：讀題不明

托福閱讀在做題時(shí)最好先讀題，再做題，這樣能夠做到有針對(duì)性的去搜索答案。讀題不明就是托福托福閱最常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤。比如：In paragragh1, what point does the author make about the evidence for the tiredness theory of yawning? 我們大家的關(guān)注點(diǎn)如果在打哈欠的疲勞理論上，即使在文章中搜索到了相關(guān)信息，對(duì)于解題也是無(wú)效。這個(gè)問(wèn)題中的”what point does the author make”才是我們應(yīng)該思考的問(wèn)題-——作者對(duì)此理論的觀點(diǎn)。

文章中有一處“Unfortunately, the few scientific investigations of yawning have failed to find any connection between how often someone yawns and how much sleep they have had or how tired they are.” 這里表達(dá)了作者對(duì)于上文的質(zhì)疑，因此才是我們要找的有效信息。再比如： According to paragraph 2, what is problematic about an animal's sending visual signals to members of its own species?

這里講到了動(dòng)物發(fā)射視覺(jué)信號(hào)給同伴，但題目要求中的“problematic” 才是這道題的核心，我們應(yīng)該在文章當(dāng)中找到于此對(duì)應(yīng)的信息，這樣你的讀題才能為解題正卻導(dǎo)航。 因此，希望同學(xué)們做托福閱讀時(shí)，要注意題目要求，在平時(shí)熟悉題目的一些問(wèn)法，不要因?yàn)樽x題錯(cuò)誤，丟失分?jǐn)?shù)。

托福閱讀常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤二：解題目時(shí)選選項(xiàng)中單詞對(duì)應(yīng)項(xiàng)

我們來(lái)看一個(gè)具體例子：
　　Where the army remained stationed, its presence was much more influential. The imposition of a military base involved the requisition of native lands for both the fort and the territory needed to feed and exercise the soldiers' animals. The imposition of military rule also robbed local leaders of opportunities to participate in local government, so social development was stunted and the seeds of disaffection sown. This then meant that the military had to remain to suppress rebellion and organize government.

According to paragraph 1, what effect did military occupation have on the local population?

○It encouraged more even distribution of the population and the settlement of previously undeveloped territory.
　　○It created discontent and made continuing military occupation necessary.
　　○It required local labor to construct forts and feed and exercise the soldiers’ animals.
　　○It provided local leaders with opportunities to participate in governance.

很多學(xué)生對(duì)這道題目的答案是C或是D，是不是看到這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了原文“forts and feed and exercise the soldiers’ animals.”以及“local leaders with opportunities to participate in governance.”? 很多時(shí)候，學(xué)生會(huì)看到選項(xiàng)中有與原文對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞，就判斷選項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)，但其實(shí)，我們的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是句子意思對(duì)應(yīng)。我們來(lái)看下B的句意：軍事占領(lǐng)會(huì)要求當(dāng)?shù)貏趧?dòng)力來(lái)建造堡壘并且喂養(yǎng)和訓(xùn)練士兵們的動(dòng)物。而原文的意思是將需要征用當(dāng)?shù)氐耐恋亍?/span>

同樣的，D說(shuō)軍事占領(lǐng)會(huì)提供當(dāng)?shù)仡I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者參與管理的機(jī)會(huì)。而原文的意思反而是會(huì)剝奪領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們得權(quán)利。正確的選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該是D。我們知道，托福閱讀考查的一個(gè)能力是Paraphrase, 也就是用不同的句子來(lái)表達(dá)相同的意思。D選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的原文單詞只有一個(gè)“military”, 但選項(xiàng)句子意思能將原文中“制造了不滿和軍事駐扎”正確表達(dá)出來(lái)。因此，同學(xué)在選擇時(shí)，請(qǐng)考慮句子的整體意思而不是片面的某個(gè)單詞。

托福閱讀常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤三：時(shí)間分配不合理

很多同學(xué)在托福閱讀考試過(guò)程中，不太注意題目的時(shí)間分配，沒(méi)有給自己限定時(shí)間，有的文章耗時(shí)太長(zhǎng)，以至于其他的文章沒(méi)時(shí)間答完。出現(xiàn)這樣的問(wèn)題，是由于同學(xué)們?cè)倌硞�(gè)題目上過(guò)分糾結(jié)，思考良久，致使整個(gè)做題節(jié)奏緩慢，到了后面的部分，由于感覺(jué)時(shí)間不夠用，自己非常的緊張，也會(huì)影響思路答題。

曾經(jīng)的一個(gè)經(jīng)典案例是，一個(gè)學(xué)生“完美“的做完了一篇半的題目，時(shí)間到，最后的分?jǐn)?shù)19分。因此，請(qǐng)大家注意，閱讀的總分不是取決于某一個(gè)題目，而是要看三篇文章的整體表現(xiàn)。如果有個(gè)別的題目你一時(shí)無(wú)解，那么希望你不要過(guò)分糾結(jié)，可以先暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，有舍才會(huì)有得。希望大家能在平時(shí)的練習(xí)當(dāng)中注意把握節(jié)奏，合理分配解題時(shí)間，能夠在最大限度上保證答題數(shù)量。

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