論雅思閱讀中的邏輯關(guān)系考點(diǎn)詞2----比較關(guān)系

【名師簡(jiǎn)介】河南工業(yè)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)士學(xué)位，英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)業(yè)八級(jí)。多年從教經(jīng)驗(yàn)。主授托福、雅思閱讀、聽(tīng)力。洞悉考試題型和技巧，化繁為簡(jiǎn)，深入淺出便于學(xué)生吸收。注重師生交流，關(guān)注每一位學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)，給予個(gè)性化的輔導(dǎo)和作業(yè)。授課緊密結(jié)合考試，循序漸進(jìn)，使學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)，兼顧綜合能力的提高和考試目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
【教學(xué)感言】 
人與人之間差別最小的是智商，差別最大的是堅(jiān)持！

上一節(jié)我們介紹過(guò)因果關(guān)系的考點(diǎn)，今天來(lái)重點(diǎn)介紹邏輯關(guān)系詞考點(diǎn)中的比較關(guān)系考點(diǎn)。因果關(guān)系有顯性和隱性之分，而能表示比較關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞和短語(yǔ)也超乎我們的想象。

明顯比較關(guān)系的特色詞匯：

A同級(jí)比較as...as

B 比較級(jí) more ,,,than， -er than, less...than

隱含比較關(guān)系的特色詞匯

C 變化：change，alter，vary，modify，revise，increase，decrease，enhance，diminish

D 差異：different，distinguish，separate，same，similar，comparable，compare...to

E 超越：surpass，exceed，excel，over

F 最高級(jí)

1）本身有最高級(jí)含義：maximum，minimum，peak，outstanding，top

2）本身程度比較深：amazing，surprising，astonishing，prohibitively high

3）否定+比較=最高級(jí)

No one is more outstanding than him.從這句話可以看出，否定加比較表示的是一種最高級(jí)關(guān)系。

比較關(guān)系在雅思閱讀判斷題目中考察比較多。舉例如下：

例1，題目：Extinct species are being replaced by new species.

原文：Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25-50%.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例2，題目：Early peoples found it easier to count by using their fingers rather than a group of pebbles.

原文：Counting is not directly to the formation of a number concept because it is possible to count by matching the items being counted against a group of pebbles, grains of corn, or the counter’s fingers.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例3，題目：Private schools in Japan are more modern and spacious than state-run :lower secondary schools.

文章：virtually all pupils at this stage attend state schools：only 3 per cent are in the private sector. Schools are usually modern in design, set well back from the road and spacious inside.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例4，題目In experiments，rats who ate what they wanted led shorter lives than rats on a low-calorie diet.

文章：Scientists first recognized the value of the practice more than 60 years ago, when they found that rats fed a low-calorie diet lived longer on average than free-feeding rats and also had a reduced incidence of conditions that become increasingly common in old age.

答案：YES

例5，題目 Ants can build large cities more quickly than humans do.

原文：Such enduring and intricately meshed levels of technical achievement outstrip by far anything achieved by our distant ancestors.

答案：NOT GIVEN

例6，題目In the past, Australians had a higher opinion of doctors than they do today.

原文：The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence.’

例7，題目In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional classes.

原文：Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are stimulated to recall the material presented. Once again the approach is indirect. …. Such methods are not unusual in language teaching.

通過(guò)以上例子得出比較關(guān)系在雅思閱讀第一大題型判斷題的考察中非常重要。除了熟悉傳統(tǒng)意義上的比較關(guān)系表達(dá)詞外，非常規(guī)的比較關(guān)系表達(dá)如outstrip，erode，similar，not unusual等同樣是不可忽略的一個(gè)重要部分。

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