實(shí)例解析：如何挖掘托福聽力的“言外之意”

托福聽力暗示題，就是對段落中某一未明確表達(dá)的部分進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步地闡述。“暗示”的意思在上下文中是不會被清楚地表達(dá)出來的，所以，托福聽力暗示題實(shí)際上是測試?yán)斫?ldquo;言外之意”的能力。在新托福聽力部分，暗示題將占2至4個(gè)左右。托福聽力暗示題的難度自然與問題中的情景是上下文中沒有討論過或發(fā)生過的。在做題的時(shí)候還應(yīng)該特別留意同義詞（synonyms） 和同音詞（homophones）的干擾。

托福聽力暗示題的出題形式：

托福聽力暗示題的問句常常是以特殊疑問詞開頭的特殊疑問句, 例如: what, why…在回答此類問題的時(shí)候要特別注意:　
　　What does the professor imply?
　　A: It’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.
　　B: It’s one of his favorite books.
　　C: It’s a book that everyone should read.
　　D: The book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee.
　　What does the professor mean when he says this?
　　A: Napoleon asked for coffee when he was deposed.
　　B: Napoleon was served a cup of coffee before his death.
　　C: Napoleon loved coffee even to the last minute of his life.
　　D: Napoleon was removed from the emperor’s seat because he drank too much coffee.
　　What does the professor imply?
　　A: It’s a good book to read when you get up in the morning.
　　B: It’s one of his favorite books.
　　C: It’s a book that everyone should read.
　　D: The book is likely to arouse your interests in the issues related to coffee. 

實(shí)例解析托福聽力暗示題的解題技巧:

1. 在做托福聽力中的暗示題的時(shí)候, 立足原文及談話人的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度，不能加入自己的主管判斷和臆想
　　2. 把握意思轉(zhuǎn)折或話題轉(zhuǎn)換后的部分.
　　3. 還有就是要關(guān)注談話人的語言色彩，如語氣，語調(diào)和用詞特點(diǎn)。比如：Professor: You’re probably right about xxx, but do you know how much this may cost? 話的前半部分教授對某一事情雖然表示出一定的妥協(xié)，但隨后他話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，指出：難道你們沒有考慮過（干某事）的費(fèi)用問題嗎？言外之意：你們的邊界我不支持！因?yàn)槲依先思铱紤]問題比你們小年輕更全面一點(diǎn)， 你們沒考慮錢的問題嘛。例如:

托福聽力真題一：

Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
　　Professor: Lengthy digressions on the role of coffee in the empire and exile of Napoleon---one of the deposed emperor’s last requests was for coffee…
　　What does the professor mean when he says this?
　　A: Napoleon asked for coffee when he was deposed.
　　B: Napoleon was served a cup of coffee before his death.
　　C: Napoleon loved coffee even to the last minute of his life.
　　D: Napoleon was removed from the emperor’s seat because he drank too much coffee.
　　解析:
　　該段材料的大致意思是拿破侖臨終前的最后請求竟然事要一杯咖啡, 教授的潛臺詞即是: 生命不息, 咖啡不止, 這位偉人當(dāng)然是 “咖啡黨”的忠實(shí)成員. 答案C 為正確選項(xiàng). 答案A: 弄錯(cuò)了要咖啡的時(shí)間, 堅(jiān)決排除.答案B: 拿破侖確實(shí)是喝了咖啡(也有可能要了沒喝著), 但教授的暗示意思呢?挖掘 “言外之意”才是正理兒, 予以排除. 答案D: 拿破侖是因?yàn)榭Х群忍�多才退位的�?教授的話被完全曲解, 堅(jiān)決排除.
　　該題正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為C.

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托福聽力真題二：

Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
　　Professor: Although that’s a theoretical danger---none of our monkeys showed any untoward side effects---that could occur.
　　What does the professor imply?
　　A: In theory, the Parkinson’s patients could die from the injection of the virus.
　　B: The Parkinson’s patients injected with the virus may suffer from annoying symptoms but in reality such danger was not seen.
　　C: The monkeys in the research are healthier normal one.
　　D: Even though there is a potential danger, the research has to be continued.
　　解析:
　　該段材料的大致意思是: 教授說: 盡管試驗(yàn)中的猴子被注射后沒有一只表現(xiàn)出令人不安的癥狀, 但是理論上(多巴胺分泌太多而導(dǎo)致病人危險(xiǎn)的)可能性還是有的. 換一句話說, 這種可能性在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中還沒有表現(xiàn)出來, 現(xiàn)在有的只是一種潛在的危險(xiǎn). 做題時(shí)請注意不要goes too far, 談話中沒有暗示的部分要堅(jiān)決予以排除.分析答案A: 教授沒有暗示病人會因此而 “死”, 不正確.答案B 應(yīng)為正確選項(xiàng). 答案C: 離題三尺, 教授沒有任何言語暗示試驗(yàn)猴比正常猴類更為健康. 答案D: 前半句正確, 后半句謬誤. 雖然教授在其后的談話中表示試驗(yàn)仍在繼續(xù), 但題干中的這句推導(dǎo)不出這個(gè)結(jié)論來.
　　該題的正確答案應(yīng)為B.

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