歐標(biāo)語(yǔ)言等級(jí)（A1-C2）概述小語(yǔ)種等級(jí)考試（上篇）

關(guān)鍵字德語(yǔ) 法語(yǔ) 意大利語(yǔ) 西班牙語(yǔ) 歐洲語(yǔ)言考試

2016-09-09 來(lái)源：新通教育網(wǎng)igo.cn 作者： 新通小編 閱讀量：手機(jī)閱讀

摘要

CEFR標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳細(xì)地描述了語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)行有效交流時(shí)所必須掌握的技能和達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment, 簡(jiǎn)稱CEFR，中文稱“歐洲語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)、教學(xué)、評(píng)估共同參考框架”, 或者"歐洲語(yǔ)言教學(xué)共同綱領(lǐng)"。

CEFR已被歐盟各國(guó)廣泛的作為外語(yǔ)教學(xué)和評(píng)估的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，旨在為歐洲語(yǔ)言教學(xué)的課程設(shè)計(jì)、大綱制訂、語(yǔ)言測(cè)試和教材編纂提供一個(gè)共同的基礎(chǔ)和參考。CEFR標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳細(xì)地描述了語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)行有效交流時(shí)所必須掌握的技能和達(dá)到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

【定制留學(xué)專屬規(guī)劃，提高名校入讀機(jī)率】

CEFR的語(yǔ)言能力分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

語(yǔ)言使用層次	歐洲委員會(huì) 參照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)	歐洲委員會(huì)參照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（泛歐參照框架）對(duì)以下語(yǔ)言能力的說(shuō)明
Basic User 初級(jí)使用者（A）	入門級(jí)（A1） Breakthrough or beginner	· Can understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. · Can introduce themselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where he/she lives, people they know and things they have. · Can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and is prepared to help. 能夠理解并使用大家熟知的日常用語(yǔ)和非常簡(jiǎn)單的句子。能夠自我介紹，介紹他人，向他人詢問(wèn)個(gè)人情況并能回答這類問(wèn)題。如果談話伙伴說(shuō)得緩慢，清楚而且愿意幫忙，能夠進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單交流。
Basic User 初級(jí)使用者（A）	基礎(chǔ)級(jí)（A2） Waystage or elementary	· Can understand sentences and frequently used expressions related to areas of most immediate relevance (e.g. very basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment). · Can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a simple and direct exchange of information on familiar and routine matters. · Can describe in simple terms aspects of their background, immediate environment and matters in areas of immediate need. 能夠理解直接關(guān)及身邊事物的句子和常用語(yǔ)（例如對(duì)人物或工作的說(shuō)明）。能夠在簡(jiǎn)單的日常情景中就大家熟悉的事物進(jìn)行交流。能夠使用簡(jiǎn)單的話描述自己的來(lái)歷和學(xué)歷，身邊的環(huán)境以及與基本需要相關(guān)的事物。
Independent User 獨(dú)立使用者（B）	進(jìn)階級(jí)（B1） Threshold or intermediate	· Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. · Can deal with most situations likely to arise while travelling in an area where the language is spoken. · Can produce simple connected text on topics that are familiar or of personal interest. · Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes and ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. 在使用清晰的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語(yǔ)言以及涉及工作，學(xué)校，業(yè)余時(shí)間等方面的平常事物時(shí)，能夠理解話中要點(diǎn)。能夠應(yīng)對(duì)旅游時(shí)在語(yǔ)言方面碰到的大多數(shù)情景。能夠簡(jiǎn)單但連貫地表述平常話題和興趣領(lǐng)域。
Independent User 獨(dú)立使用者（B）	高階級(jí)（B2） Vantage or upper intermediate	· Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. · Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. · Can produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options. 能夠理解具體或抽象主題的復(fù)雜文章的主要內(nèi)容；在自己精通的專業(yè)范圍內(nèi)能夠理解專業(yè)性討論。能自然流暢的交流，在與母語(yǔ)者正常交談時(shí)雙方都不會(huì)感到太吃力。能夠在一個(gè)較寬泛的主題范圍內(nèi)清楚而詳盡地表達(dá)自己的看法。
Proficient User 熟練使用者（C）	流利運(yùn)用級(jí)（C1） Effective operational proficiency or advanced	· Can understand a wide range of demanding, longer clauses, and recognize implicit meaning. · Can express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. · Can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. · Can produce clear, well-structured, detailed text on complex subjects, showing controlled use of organizational patterns, connectors and cohesive devices. 能夠看懂難度較高，篇幅較長(zhǎng)及內(nèi)容廣泛的文章，并能把握字里行間的內(nèi)在含義。能夠自如流暢地表達(dá)，而不必常常費(fèi)力地尋找合適的詞匯。能在社會(huì)交往，工作或接受培訓(xùn)和在大學(xué)求學(xué)時(shí)，有效并靈活地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言。能就復(fù)雜的事物清楚，有條理和詳盡地表達(dá)自己的看法，同時(shí)能使用不同的表達(dá)，以進(jìn)行上下文的銜接。
Proficient User 熟練使用者（C）	精通級(jí)（C2） Mastery or proficiency	· Can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. · Can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. · Can express themselves spontaneously, very fluently and precisely, differentiating finer shades of meaning even in the most complex situations. 能毫不費(fèi)力地理解幾乎所有聽到和看到的內(nèi)容，能夠匯總不同的書面和口頭信息，并能邏輯地概括其原因或作出解釋。能夠十分流暢和準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)自己的看法，同時(shí)能使用不同的表達(dá)，以進(jìn)行上下文的銜接。