【閱讀技巧】托福閱讀猜詞技巧

1.根據(jù)定義、解釋猜測(cè)詞義
　　We all know that ants are ferocious eaters. They differ widely in their diets and may be carnivorous， herbivorous， or omnivorous， meaning that some eat meat; others eat only plants while others eat a combination of both.由后面的解釋我們可以得知：“carnivorous”的意思是“食肉的”;“herbivorous”的意思是“食草的”;“omnivorous”的意思是“雜食的”。
　　2.根據(jù)復(fù)述(同位語、定語等)猜測(cè)詞義
 

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　　Today， I’d like to talk about some of the changes land can undergo， specifically desertification， process through which land becomes part of a desert.
　　后面的同位語告訴我們“desertification”的意思是“沙漠化。”
　　3.根據(jù)舉例猜測(cè)詞義
　　After breakfast， many people go to church; but the children will be playing with their new toys， and the mother will probably be preparing the Christmas dinner. This includes poultry for the main course (e.g. chicken， turkey， duck， goose)， salads， breads， and vegetable， and features a variety of desserts， for example， pies， puddings， and ice cream.
　　“chicken， turkey， duck， goose”同屬“poultry：家禽”。
　　4.根據(jù)對(duì)比關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義
　　Jane was talking with others while Eliza remained reticent all the time.
　　“while”是一個(gè)顯示對(duì)比的信號(hào)詞，“reticent”與“talking”相對(duì)應(yīng)，“reticent”：沉默的。
　　5.根據(jù)比喻關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義
　　The hot-air balloon took off. It was as buoyant in the air as a cork (軟木塞) in water.
　　把熱氣球比作水中的軟木塞，說明“buoyant ”的意義：“漂浮;浮力。”
　　6.根據(jù)同義詞的替代猜測(cè)詞義
　　Venus rotates retrograde， or “backwards”， spinning in the opposite direction of its orbit around the Sun.
　　由“backwards”這一替代詞得知“retrograde”的意思：“向后的。”
　　7.有時(shí)也可根據(jù)一般性常識(shí)/生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)猜測(cè)詞義
　　The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
　　門太低，我的頭撞在“lintel門楣”上了。
　　8.也可根據(jù)詞形構(gòu)造猜測(cè)詞義
　　More recently， scientists have documented an alarmingly high occurrence of frogs with malformations.
　　form是詞根， formation“形式”，mal-：構(gòu)詞前綴，可表示“壞、惡、不良”，還可表示“不、不正常、不當(dāng)、非法。”malformation的意思就應(yīng)該是“畸形。”更多的例子如：malnutrition： 營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良;malconduct：(公職人員的)胡作非為;maladjustive： 引起失調(diào)的;不利調(diào)節(jié)的。
　　上述就是托福閱讀考試的猜詞技巧，這只適用于在托福閱讀考試中遇到實(shí)在不會(huì)的單詞，在平時(shí)的托福閱讀備考過程中，如果遇到不會(huì)的單詞一定要弄清它的意思并記憶，這是最踏實(shí)也是最牢靠的方式。最后，小編祝大家學(xué)習(xí)愉快!
 

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