實例解析雅思閱讀中的關(guān)系詞

在雅思閱讀的授課當中，常會聽到學(xué)生焦急而又無奈地說：“老師，我已讀懂了題目，可為何還是難以準確定位題目在文中的具體位置呢。”當然，多數(shù)學(xué)生已掌握通過題目所給出的關(guān)鍵詞如：人名、地點、時間、數(shù)字、生詞以及大寫字母等到文中尋找答案。然而卻忽略了在作者布局謀篇，展開論述的過程中最倚重的“聯(lián)絡(luò)官” ——關(guān)系詞（也稱信號詞），通過它可以有效地定位主旨并且搜尋到細節(jié)信息從而迅速鎖定答案。同時，它也適用于雅思閱讀的任意一個題型當中。

常見于閱讀中的關(guān)系詞包括：表示“因果”的關(guān)系詞、“轉(zhuǎn)折”關(guān)系詞、“比較”關(guān)系詞以及“并列”關(guān)系詞等。

1. “因果”的關(guān)系詞 （as a result, result in, result from, lead to, because of, due to, contribute to, owning to, hence, since, accordingly, consequently, therefore, in that, etc.）

2.  “轉(zhuǎn)折”關(guān)系詞 （despite, in spite of, but, although, though, while, yet, otherwise, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, etc.）

3. “比較”關(guān)系詞 （ more, than, less, the least, the most, prefer, equally, likewise, similarly, in comparison, as…as, etc.）

4.“并列”關(guān)系詞 （ first, second…finally, and, or, as well as, one… the other,  not…nor…, etc.）

A)用于判斷題型中，例：

a)T: Most forms of environmental pollution are associated with industrialization.

Q: Industrialization has led to pollution problems.

此題中題目與原文都含有因果關(guān)系，且因果相同，僅是同義詞組替換罷了。

b) T: Los Angeles has some of the world’s cleanest cars—far better than those of Europe—but the total number of miles those cars drive continues to grow.

Q: Residents of Los Angeles are now tending to reduce the yearly distances they travel by car.

此題原文轉(zhuǎn)折詞but所連接后面的內(nèi)容continues to grow與問題中的考點tending to reduce形成語義矛盾。

C) T: The traditional images of the “male breadwinner” and “female housewife and mother” may be breaking down among females but this process is occurring more slowly among males.

Q: Men accept changing perceptions of traditional gender roles more slowly than women do.

此題是一道明顯的有關(guān)雙方比較的題（more than 結(jié)構(gòu)）此外，該句還存在明顯同義詞及詞組的替換如：perceptions對應(yīng)images, traditional gender roles 對應(yīng)“male breadwinner” and “female housewife and mother”，man對應(yīng)male, woman對應(yīng)female.題干中的比較點及比較結(jié)果與原文判斷一致。

B) 用于標題對應(yīng)題型中，例：

List of headings

I. Rivers and seas cause damage

II. Water, the provider of food

III.The scarcity of water

IV.What is water?

　　　    撥打免費電話400-618-0272獲得雅思課程最新優(yōu)惠

　　關(guān)鍵詞：　　　　

　　為你推薦：