怎么描述雅思口語中的地點建筑？

雅思口語考試中，建筑描述一直是一個難點，但是在考試中卻時有出現(xiàn)，如a library, a hotel, a museum, a restaurant, a concert hall, a historical building, a modern building等。建筑描述中經(jīng)常會涉及到一些設(shè)施、裝潢等較為專業(yè)的、但在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中不太被涉及到的詞匯。

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首先，我們可以按照不同的地點準(zhǔn)備好描述的相關(guān)內(nèi)容和語匯。比如說，對于餐館的描述，我們可以選擇描述一個餐館的cuisine, menu, decoration, architectural style, entertainment, staff, service等。而其中，最難描述的當(dāng)屬architectural style了，我們可以多積累些相關(guān)的詞匯，比如glass roof, open-air bar on the rooftop terrace和gothic wall等。

在描述museum時，我們要關(guān)注博物館的類型，還要了解其中的exhibits, 如visual art, painting, illustration, sculpture, collection of drawings and old master prints, document, artifact, art, archaeological object。還可以描述些博物館經(jīng)常舉辦的activities。

酒店的描述通常也是學(xué)生的難點之一，在描述酒店時，一些常用詞匯的積累也是必不可少的，如酒店的設(shè)施：underground parking, lobby, lobby bar, outdoor heated pool, exercise room outdoor yard, well-lit desk, hair dryer, coffeemaker, individual climate control, high speed internet access, direct TV, in-room movie等。

此外，在描述這類地點的時候，合適的句型也是非常重要的，例如我們在描述library的時候，就可以描述一下坐落地點，描述坐落地點時，最常用的當(dāng)然是be located in或be situated in。例如，我們可以說：The library is located at the southern part of Shanghai. 此外，建筑的風(fēng)格描述可以選擇句型：…is a typical classical architecture in a European/western/eastern style。圖書館中的收藏當(dāng)然是必不可少的描述要點，我們可以選用句型：The library is complete when it comes to…來描述，例如The library is complete when it comes to references be it newspapers, books, thesis from former students, etc.

地點和建筑類考題的覆蓋面是非常之廣的，幾乎涵蓋了所有人們生活之中最常去的地方。其中，小區(qū)和住房的描述幾乎是每次必考的話題。在描述小區(qū)時，我們首先也會描述坐落地點，如city center, urban area, downtown, rural area, outskirts, suburbs, village, town等。此外，還會描述小區(qū)的設(shè)施，如dry cleaner’s, gym, car park, swimming pool等。一般還會有針對交通的問題，會用到的詞有bus station, subway station, railway station, elevated ring road, maglev, highway等。在小區(qū)描述之后，通常是對自己的住房的描述，而經(jīng)常涉及的考題是談?wù)揾ouse和apartment之間的區(qū)別，新航道小編將它們的區(qū)別歸納如下：

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A house is usually on the ground floor, and has an upstairs and a downstairs.

In a house there is normally a kitchen dining room and living room downstairs, whilst the bedrooms and bathroom are upstairs.

In an apartment, which is usually in a block so raised above ground level, all of the rooms of the house are on the same floor.

Houses often come with garages, whereas apartments can usually only come with a parking space.

Houses often have gardens out the front and out the back.

此外，還會涉及到房屋的設(shè)施，如study room, kitchen, dining room, living room, bookshelf, wardrobe, night table, bunk bed, dresser, armchair, shower booth和rug。

房屋的描述還不止于此，有時候，考官會問我們關(guān)于如何改進房子的問題，這時候，我們可以選些有新意的點來描述，如：add on a downstairs extension to create a spacious kitchen diner, add a perfect party room, add an all-in-one party room, add a glass extension, move outwards and build an extension, create bigger bedrooms, add bathrooms, replace old appliances with new good-quality appliances, give your kitchen that just renovated feel, but at a fraction of the cost等。

在這類考題中，學(xué)生普遍反應(yīng)最難的一個應(yīng)該是屬于對于swimming pool的描述。很多學(xué)生都不知道該從何處著手，也不知道一個簡簡單單的swimming pool有什么好描述的。其實如果我們描述角度靈活的話，可以將其描述的相當(dāng)生動，比如，我們可以講些泳池中的擺設(shè)或玩具，如：They have a variety of pool accessories there for kids to use and play with. 泳池的受歡迎程度：People flock to local lakes and make a day of it. 人們?nèi)ビ境氐哪康模篢hey swim laps for exercise instead of relaxing or lounging. 泳池的其它配套設(shè)施：This location also has a sauna available. The showers are clean. …has a sauna and a big L-shaped pool. 泳池的收費：Normal rates are 10RMB for an hour. The entrance fee is… One can also purchase monthly cards or special ones for families. 泳池的開放時間：Most of the year, you can swim both in the daytime and in the evening. 泳池的大小It is an Olympic size pool. 等。

此外，還有些考題并沒有指定學(xué)生去描述一個特定的建筑，而是要求學(xué)生去描述一種風(fēng)格的建筑，比如：describe a modern building或describe a traditional building。在描述的過程中，建議考生要掌握一些平時不太能接觸到的詞匯和短語，比如在描述現(xiàn)代建筑時，我們可以積累些這樣的詞匯：marble stairs, function rooms, arc roof, marble pillars, cultural heritages, 而描述傳統(tǒng)建筑物的難度則更大，我們需要知道很多日常生活中極少碰到的內(nèi)容，如：pavilion, terrace, pagoda, temple, sweeping roof, yellow roofs and purple walls等。

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總之，地點建筑類描述涉及的范圍相當(dāng)之廣，且考題的出現(xiàn)頻率也很高。范圍從我們所熟悉的住房和小區(qū)，一直到較為學(xué)術(shù)的現(xiàn)代和古典建筑，考生們一定要在平時積累好相關(guān)詞匯和句型，這樣才能在考場中發(fā)揮自如，取得理想的成績。