雅思閱讀邏輯關(guān)系之照應(yīng)關(guān)系的命題依據(jù)及規(guī)律分析

照應(yīng)關(guān)系

照應(yīng)(Reference)指用代詞等語法手段表示的語義關(guān)系。英語中的照應(yīng)分為3類：人稱照應(yīng)、指示照應(yīng)和比較照應(yīng)。其中較難的是分句照應(yīng)(Clausal Reference)。分句照應(yīng)指的是某些詞語的所指對象不是詞或者短語，而是分句、句子、句子組合，甚至一個完整的語篇�？梢杂米龇志湔諔�(yīng)的詞語分為以下3類。

(1)here，it，this等詞匯既可用于前照應(yīng)，又可用于后照應(yīng)。

(2)that，(the)above，the foregoing等只用于前照應(yīng)。

(3)as follows，the following，below，thus等僅用于后照應(yīng)。

這一語言現(xiàn)象常常是命題點(diǎn)。

Example:

It looks as if it came straight from the set of Star Wars. It has four-wheel drive and rises above rocky surfaces. It lowers and raises its nose when going up and down hills. And when it comes to a river, it turns amphibious: two hydrojets power it along by blasting water under its body. There is room for two passengers and a driver, who sit inside a glass bubble operating electronic, aircraft-type controls. A vehicle so daring on land and water needs windscreen wipers—but it doesn’t have any. Water molecules are disintegrated on the screen’s surface by ultrasonic sensors.

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