托福閱讀考試中推斷題的解題技巧

在托福閱讀的眾多題型中，內(nèi)容小結(jié)題和推斷題難道較高 ，究其原因，多半是內(nèi)容小結(jié)題涉及文章框架，考生沒時間再回頭整理；而面對推斷題，學生就是一頭霧水，不知道該怎么推，往哪兒推。下文主要為大家講解了推斷題的解題技巧：

推斷題其實沒有想象中的那么難，因為托福文章有很清晰的邏輯架構(gòu)，每個自然段往往是按照TS (Topic Sentence) + SD (Supporting details)展開的，而文章多半是按Introduction + Aspects + Attitudes展開的 。只有明白了文章的寫作思路才能更好更快的做對題目，作者必定是按照一定的行文順序編排段落的，如果畫一個水平軸作為事件發(fā)展的順序，推斷題是讓你從這個軸上的某一個點去推測，無非就兩個方向，順著軸發(fā)展的方向或者逆著軸發(fā)展的方向，也就是我們接下來要說的用正向和逆向思維去解決推斷題。

OG上將推斷題定義為檢查考生對文章中強烈建議但絕不明說觀點(strongly implied but not explicitly stated in the text)的理解程度，屬于理解性題目，題目要求如下：

Paragraph 2 suggests which of the following about X?

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about X?

According to paragraph 3, what do Y indicate about X?

According to paragraph 4, what does the author imply about X?

題干中有出現(xiàn)infer, imply, indicate或suggest這四個單詞，我們就判定這個題目為推斷題，那么推斷題應(yīng)該如何解答呢?

第一步，判斷題型。我們拿到題目，看到上面四個單詞中的任何一個，心中就想著這是推斷題，推斷題的做題宗旨是文章強烈暗示，要通過文章內(nèi)容進行合理推斷。

第二步，審清題干，原文定位。仔細閱讀題干，弄清題干內(nèi)容，推斷方向，帶著題干核心信息到文章中準確定位。

第三步，推測+判斷。根據(jù)相關(guān)句進行正向或逆向的推理，最后擇優(yōu)而選，確定答案。

正向推斷：和事實信息題做題方法一樣，答案就是定位的句子的同義改寫。

逆向推斷：大致分為兩種，一種是時間，第二種是兩類事物的對比。

第一種，題干中往往會出現(xiàn)表示時間的信息，比如：after 1932, since early years of the 19th century. 例如TPO 20 Passage 1 Western Migration Q1:

Paragraph 1: The story of the westward movement of population in the US is, in the main, the story of the expansion of American agriculture of the development of new areas for the raising of livestock and the cultivation of wheat, corn, tobacco, and cotton. After 1815, improved transportation enabled more and more western farmers to escape a self-sufficient way of life and enter a national market economy during periods when commodity prices were high, the rate of westward migration increased spectacularly.

What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about western farmers prior to 1815?

They had limited their crop production to wheat, corn, tobacco and cotton.

They were able to sell their produce at high prices.

They had not been successful in raising cattle.

They did not operate in a national market economy.