GRE閱讀主旨題常見問法與解題思路

GRE閱讀題主要考察考生的三方面能力：1、對文章大邏輯把握能力，2、文章小邏輯的把握能力，3、細節(jié)的精確定位與同義替換的能力。主旨題考察的就是學(xué)生對GRE閱讀文章大邏輯的把握能力，有兩種常見題型：內(nèi)容性主旨題和架構(gòu)性主旨題。下面，小編整理了閱讀主旨題的常見問法與解題思路。

2種常見問法

內(nèi)容性主旨題：1、 The primary purpose of the passage is to…；2、  The author is primarily concerned with…。
       架構(gòu)性主旨題：1、  Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage? 2、 Which of the following statements best describes the organization of…

2個解題思路：

解決主旨題有兩大思路：
      1、從文章入手，著重分析段落的首句。西方人寫文章一般為PIE 結(jié)構(gòu)(point，illustrate，explain)，所以段落首句通常為中心句。解答GRE閱讀首先需要考生改變自己的閱讀方法，以迅速提高答題效率。
      2、從選項入手，重點分析5個待選的選項。對于主旨題來說，正確的選項都是對于文章的概括或者是對于背景的交代，所以我們可以先剔除那些包含具體事物描述或敘述的選項。需要強調(diào)的是，這種解答思路不適合每一道主旨題，而是能夠加快我們解題速度的一種方法。

2類題型事例

內(nèi)容性主旨題實例：
       A mysterious phenomenon is the ability of over-water migrants to travel on course. Birds, bees, and other species can keep track of time without any sensory cues from the outside world, and such “biological clocks” clearly contribute to their “compass sense.” For example, they can use the position of the Sun or stars, along with the time of day, to find north. But compass sense alone cannot explain how birds navigate the ocean: after a flock traveling east is blown far south by a storm, it will assume the proper northeasterly course to compensate. Perhaps, some scientists thought, migrants determine their geographic position on Earth by celestial navigation, almost as human navigators use stars and planets, but this would demand of the animals a fantastic map sense. Researchers now know that some species have a magnetic sense, which might allow migrants to determine their geographic location by detecting variations in the strength of the Earth's magnetic field.

1. The main idea of the passage is that
      (A) migration over land requires a simpler explanation than migration over water does
      (B) the means by which animals migrate over water are complex and only partly understood
      (C) the ability of migrant animals to keep track of time is related to their magnetic sense
      (D) knowledge of geographic location is essential to migrants with little or no compass sense
      (E) explanations of how animals migrate tend to replace, rather than build on, one another

解題思路：1. 找中心句，2. 瀏覽一下整個文章 3. 找中心句的同義替換句。第一句話A mysterious phenomenon is the ability of over-water migrants to travel on course.很快的選出B 為正確選項。

結(jié)構(gòu)型主旨題實例：
       Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth’s subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves. In field practice, a subsurface is mapped by arranging a series of wave-train sources, such as small dynamite explosions, in a grid pattern. As each source is activated, it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely by the rock’s elastic characteristics. As rock interfaces are crossed, the elastic characteristics encountered generally change abruptly, which causes part of the energy to be reflected back to the surface, where it is recorded by seismic instruments. The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave trains, and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces. Then the data acquired at each of the specific source locations are combined to generate a physical profile of the subsurface, which can eventually be used to select targets for drilling.

Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
      (A)A method is criticized, and an alternative is suggested.
      (B)An illustration is examined, and some errors are exposed.
      (C)An assertion is made, and a procedure is outlined.
      (D)A series of examples is presented, and a conclusion is drawn.
      (E)A hypothesis is advanced, and supporting evidence is supplied.

解題思路：1.找中心句；2.找主要邏輯指示詞；3.排除錯誤項。文章的第一句話就提出了觀點：Because of its accuracy in outlining the Earth’s subsurface, the seismic-reflection method remains the most important tool in the search for petroleum reserves.五個選項只有C項是對中心句文章后續(xù)邏輯的同義替換，所以c 是正確選項。

GRE閱讀主旨題是GRE閱讀各類題目中比較簡單的一種題型，只要能夠很好地理解段落的中心句并能準確把握段落邏輯脈絡(luò)，這類題目的分數(shù)都是能夠得到的。

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