托福寫作中的句式多樣化

在托福寫作中，很多同學寫作句式比較單一，作文讀起來非常乏味，枯燥，就如同你在一天里不停地重復聆聽同一首歌一樣。此類作文很難引起考官的注意，可想而知最后的得分是怎么樣的。例如：

Primitive men rarely left their territories. They hunted and stalked animals. They were similar to the animals . In fact, mass migrations did occur between the continents. During the migration,  man moved in a fashion just like their prey. They walk on foot, slowly. They are only in an effort to find more food and resources. However, modern technology allows man to live and travel to many places. They can go to interesting places. They like these places.

這段話看完后，是否覺得，有種想睡覺的沖動？為什么呢？因為句式太過于單調(diào)了，沒有跌宕起伏，沒有節(jié)奏感，讓人敬而遠之。那么我們應該如何把這段文字變得既高級而又富有節(jié)奏呢？

 在這方面，我們必須知道在英語寫作里面的基本句式；通過句式的變化使得文章變得更有韻味。

英語的句式可以分為四種：

一、簡單句（Simple Sentence）

由一個主謂結構，或兩個以上的主語和一個謂語，或兩個以上的謂語共一個主語， 有時由兩個以上主語和兩個以上謂語而構成。簡單句不見得短， 通常則用較短簡單句來強調(diào)主要觀點、事實、結論等，或在寫作時可表示快速的動作或激動的情緒等。，例如：

1) Ayers Rock rises majestically on a vast, flat, sandy plain.

2) This book is the simplest one.

3) This interesting and instructive book is the simplest one for children.

4) The old captain always used a system called “dead reckoning”.

5) Yesterday morning, the great designer Lao told the employees of our company the story about his life before the war.

 二、并列句

并列句（Compound Sentence）由包含兩個或兩個以上的句子構成；分句由并列連詞來連接（或用逗號、分號隔開）。連詞有：and, but, or, so, yet, while, for, whereas, either...or, not only... but also, neither...nor, otherwise, or else, therefore, however, then, hence, else, consequently, nevertheless, etc. 這些連詞可將句義大致同等重要內(nèi)容按其發(fā)展順序組合成并列句。例如：

1）we love peace but we are not afraid of war.

2）Hurry up, it’s getting late.(逗號，則表示兩分句的因果關系很緊密)

3）I must be going, or I’ll be late.

4）Please bring some medical appliances here, but don’t begin to use them.

 三、主從復合句。

主從復合句（Complex Sentences）中包含兩個以上的助威結構句子，其中次要信息及次要意義的從句在句子里充當某一成分，故從句分類為主句從句、賓語從句、表語從句定語從句、狀語從句、同位語從句等。句子結構結構由主句和從句構成， 而從句通常則用從屬連詞引導。當你有兩個以上的相關思想時， 若一個比另一個更重要，也就可用主從復合句；用主句表達主要意義，從句表達次要意義。

1） what you need is more practical.

2） He decided that he must be on the side of the winners.

3） When we look at a thing, we must examine its essence.

4） The order soon came that all people should leave the village.

5） The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if a effort is made.

 四、并列復合句

并列復合句（Compound Complex Sentence）指并列句中包含從句，即包含兩個以上主句，至少有一個或多個從句；通常用并列連詞連接符合句而成。例如

1) He heard that the weatherman said it was going to rain, but he still insisted that we started off at once.

2) A few venomous snakes, however, can kill humans, so it is just as well that snakes are very shy and usually attack somebody only if they are disturbed and feel threatened.

 認識了這四種句式后，我們可以嘗試著把它們應用到寫作當中去。以前面提到的段落為例：

Primitive men rarely left their territories. They hunted and stalked animals. They were similar to the animals . In fact, mass migrations did occur between the continents. During the migration,  man moved in a fashion just like their prey. They walk on foot, slowly. They are only in an effort to find more food and resources. However, modern technology allows man to live and travel to many places. They can go to interesting places. They like these places.

前三句Primitive men rarely left their territories. They hunted and stalked animals. They were similar to the animals . 我們可以用從句來連接后兩句，變?yōu)椋簍hey were similar to the animals they hunted and stalked. 然后與第一句用分號合并，變成并列句：Primitive men rarely ever left their territories; they were similar to the animals they hunted and stalked.

 第四、五、六、七句In fact, mass migrations did occur between the continents. During the migration,  man moved in a fashion just like their prey. They walk on foot, slowly. 我們可以把前兩句變成復合句In fact, when mass migrations did occur between the continents, man moved in a fashion just like their prey. 然后和第六、七句合并，用破折號來直接指出相同之處： In fact, when mass migrations did occur between the continents, man moved in a fashion just like their prey - on foot, slowly, and only in an effort to find more food and resources.

 第八、九、十句 However, modern technology allows man to live and travel to many places. They can go to interesting places. They like these places.。我們可以把它第八第九句合并成 However, modern technology allows man to live and travel to many  interesting places. 再與第十句子合并However, modern technology allows man to live and travel to many  interesting places where he pleases.

 修改后的段落：

Primitive men rarely ever left their territories; they were similar to the animals they hunted and

stalked. In fact, when mass migrations did occur between the continents, man moved in a fashion

just like their prey - on foot, slowly, and only in an effort to find more food and resources. However, modern technology allows man to live and travel to many  interesting places where he pleases.

 所以，通過句式的變化使用，我們可以使段落句子變得更加豐富，讀起來抑揚頓挫。在托�？荚囍�，段落中句式的變化會為你帶來更高的分數(shù)。

如果您還有其他問題，請隨時致電新通教育：400-618-0272/0371-55637218

推薦專家
	姓名：孫曉瓊   電話：0371-55637218 電子郵箱：ivysun@shinyway 所在地點：鄭州市經(jīng)三路與東風路交匯處金成國際廣場招商銀行大廈7層 咨詢國家/地區(qū)：null
【專業(yè)資歷】
畢業(yè)于國內(nèi)重點大學，英語專業(yè)學士學位，英語專業(yè)8級。多年雅思托福執(zhí)教經(jīng)驗，對英語語言測試有深入研究，深諳中西方出題的思維的差別。洞悉雅思各類題型出題規(guī)律，化繁為簡，分析總結出最有效實用的解題思路。課堂上注意引入中西方文化交流上的異同，強調(diào)學生以西方的思維來應對西方的英語考試，高效備考，同時幫助學生更快更好適應未來的西方學習生活。課堂氣氛輕松熱烈，注重師生交流，密切關注每個學生進度，以求所有學生都能取得最大的進步。
【成功案例】
從業(yè)期間，培養(yǎng)了眾多雅思、托�？忌�，托福平均25分，雅思普遍成績6.5分，最高分8.5。