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A good beginning is half done.萬事開頭難,雅思寫作中很多學生在大作文的開頭段花了很長時間也難磨出一個漂亮的開頭。其實首段寫作我們要做到無錯、清晰、快速,而不要花太多實踐在首段絞盡腦汁、字斟句酌,要把更多的時間精力和精彩的論證留給文章的主體段落。這里我介紹幾種實用的首段寫作方法。
1、背景介紹。如果看到題目想不出背景,那我們可以介紹題目中的話題普遍存在或者引起人們廣泛關注,可使用以下句型:Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about (the phenomenon that…)… 比如題目是:Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 那么我們的背景就可以寫作:Universities are one of the most important institutions in modern society. 或者Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the purpose of university education.
2、交代辯論的話題。這也可以說是改寫題目中的topic。我們要學會的句型就是“是否應該。。。”“是這樣。。。還是那樣。。。”;或者直接寫“一些人認為。。。。另一些人認為。。。”。依據(jù)上面的題目,對應句子分別是:However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills to graduates is a controversial issue; However, whether universities should mainly provide job-related skills or pure knowledge to graduates has caused heated debate; Some people state that universities should focus on giving access to knowledge, while others believe that the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace are more important for university graduates.
3、闡明觀點。寫作當然需要說理、例證和讓步環(huán)環(huán)相扣,多數(shù)學生做不到謀篇布局,處處伏筆,前呼后應,所以最好在開頭段就寫出觀點。在表達觀點時掌握幾種表達足矣:In my view…; My view is that…; I am convinced that…; I agree with the view that… (同位語從句寫出同意的觀點), for the following reasons. 比如還是上面的例子:My view is that job-related knowledge and skills should be the main focus of universities. 注意觀點表明一定要清楚,比如很多學生會簡單寫出I disagree. 的觀點,其實考官還是不知道你的觀點是什么,所以要寫的清晰詳細。還有個問題是很多考生詞匯量不大,在寫背景和交代話題時已經(jīng)反復使用有些詞匯了,在觀點中他自己也不想重復使用這些詞匯,有時候用意思相差較遠的詞匯替代,導致觀點離題,所以在寫作中盡量在背景和交代話題時用替換詞匯,表達觀點一定要用扣題嚴謹?shù)脑~匯。
最后寫作是為了表達思想,所以寫作時一定要靈活使用寫作技巧和方法,首段不要抄題目,要注意連詞的使用。
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