如何讓中國考生的托福口語更適合考官的口味

作者：新通教育（天津）培訓部 托福名師 于琨老師 免費電話：400-618-0272

我經(jīng)過多年的一線教學經(jīng)驗總結(jié)得出我們中國學生托�？谡Z考試得不到高分并不是我們口語不夠好，而是因為我們的答案不對考官和評分者的口味。

總體來說，托�？谡Z分為2個部分，independent task, 也就是常見的口語第一題和第二題 (task 1, task 2), 另外便是Integrated task, 也就是常見的口語。第三題到第六題，這其中又兩個系列， campus situation (task 3 & task 5) 和academic lecture (task 4 & task 6)

下面通過一些具體的列子分享每一道題考察的點：

Task 1 & Task 2 Familiar topic

Task 1 這道題會給你一個熟悉的話題讓你談?wù)勔恍┙?jīng)歷和理解。

答題要點：

① 拿到這道題建議直接找腦子里想到的第一個想法，然后細節(jié)展開就可以。第一時間想到的就是最好的，不要去權(quán)衡優(yōu)劣。

② 建議用以下的方式 Topic Sentence — Supporting Sentence — Example/details，也就是主題句+原因或者目的+細節(jié)的方式答題。

③ 掌握好時間的控制，主題句+論點句只需1-2句話，要保證至少30-35秒時間在講例子。

Example 1

Talk about the most memorable birthday you have ever had, explain why it is very memorable.

Task 2 

這題多半為同意反對某個statement 

答題要點：

① 一定要選擇一方面，因為這樣更好展開，中立態(tài)度不但兩邊都要照顧，同時也無法展開

② 這道題同樣只說一點就可以了，方式依然是采用 Topic Sentence — Supporting Sentence — Example/details，也就是同意或者不同意+原因+具體例子。

③ 考官不會因為你選擇的觀點不一樣而扣分，因此拿到題后腦子里想到的觀點就是最好的觀點。同時選擇的時候一定要找最好說的觀點，也就是容易有話說的觀點。

 Example 2

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teenage at sixteen are not mature enough to drive a car. Please include details and examples in your explanation.

拿到題首先確定同意或者不同意哪個好說，然后結(jié)合自己，我選擇不同意，原因是我21歲拿到license時候仍然有點猛撞，有一次開車手機響了我看了一眼結(jié)果差點出車禍。16歲的teenage并不是很自律，很可能被打擾到，這樣非常危險。 

Task 3 & Task 5 - Campus Situation

Task 3 也就是Campus situation, 這題是托�？谡Z的第一道綜合口語。也就是先閱讀材料，然后根據(jù)聽力回答。

 答題要點： 

① 閱讀材料中的三個點 

1) proposal/plan的內(nèi)容；2) 原因/目的 1；3) 原因/目的 2

② 聽力中的兩個點

1) 支持或者反對的原因 1；2) 支持或者反對的原因 2

以TPO 15 Task 3為例

Reading Part：

University should pave running trails 

The university has about three miles of unpaved dirt running trails that pass through the forest near campus. I think there trails should be paved with cement. One reason for paving the trails would be to increase their safety. When it rains, the dirt turns to mud and becomes very slippery, so the runners who use them can slip and fall. Pavement would solve this problem. Also, paving would make the trails look nicer, which would encourage students to use them. Bumps in the trail would be smoothed out and weeds would be paved over, making the trail more attractive to runners.

Sincerely,

Sally Jacobs

拿到這道題首先是找閱讀中3個點：

1) Proposal, pave the dirt trails；2) reason 1, make it safer；3) reason 2, make it nicer and attrack more runners

聽力中的2個點：

1) will make it not safe but hurt your bones and joints

2) will not attract more runners because student would like to enjoy the nature and get away from campus or city.

記得這題想要拿高分一定要用自己的話說，于是我們有了下面的答案

The proposal is university should pave the dirt trails with cement because by doing this, university can make the trail less slip and the runners won't be falling. And also, they are hoping the pavement will make the trails look better and attract more runners. 

The man thinks this is a terrible idea. Speaking of the reason, he thinks that running on hard surface frequently will not make the runners safer, because being exposed to hard surface will actually lead to injuries and harm to bones or joints. Besides, it won't attract more runners because the pavement will make the trails just like any other sidewalk. Students like to run on the dirt trail since it makes them feel like getting away from cities and running in the nature

Task 5 這道題也是campus situation的一道,也是綜合口語中最簡單的一道。主要是聽力材料+作答

 答題要點：

① 答題三個點：1) 聽力材料中男/女遇到的問題；2) 2個解決方案；3) 你自己的建議

② 關(guān)于問題解決方案和你自己的suggestion 建議1:1.

以TPO 15 Task 5為例作為練習，大家課下體會。

Task 4 & Task 6 - Academic Lecture

Task 4是口語中最難得一道題，因為涉及到一個學術(shù)概念，聽力中教授用一個例子說明了這個概念。

答題要點：

① 概念定義，用自己的話說明某個概念，技巧：看到諸如 “this is known as”, “this is referred to as”, “this is called”, “people call this”, “people refer to this as”等類似表達的時候 , 此表達的前邊一句話 , 很可能便是閱讀中概念的定義句 .

② 例子

③ 說明這個例子和概念的關(guān)系，這也是很多同學4題只能拿到Fair的原因，因為少了這句話。

以下面這道題為例  

Perceptual Constancy

How an object affects our senses depends in part on external conditions, and these conditions are always changing. An object viewed from one angle presents a different shape to our eyes than when viewed from another angle; similarly, as the distance from which we view an object changes, the object will appear larger or smaller. In spite of this, even as conditions change and we see objects differently, we still recognize that they remain the same. This is what is known as perceptual constancy. If not for perceptual constancy, we might have difficulty recognizing familiar objects if we viewed them in a new and different context.

從 This is what is known as perceptual constancy.我們知道前面一句話就是 Perceptual constancy的定義， even as conditions change and we see objects differently, we still recognize that they remain the same

例子中教授舉了兩個例子

1) kitchen plate角度不同，一個circle, 一個 oval

2) 在教室距離不一樣，professor看起來體積不一樣。

 最重要的第三步便是來說明這個例子如何來支持這個概念的。

1)The first example shows that the shape of the plate changes, but because of the concept of perceptual constancy, we don’t think we have two plates

2) The second example shows that although the professor seems to have different sizes in the two situations, again, because of perceptual constancy, we know he’s the same person.

Task 6 - Academic Lecture

目前托�？谡ZTask 6的幾種考法

1. 解決一個問題的兩個方案

2. 一個物體或方法的兩種使用方法

3. 一個過程的兩個步驟

4. 一個原因?qū)е碌膬蓚�現(xiàn)象

5. 一個后果產(chǎn)生的兩個原因

6. 一個概念的兩種定義

答題要點：

① 5個點

1) 教授在討論的主題；2) 教授討論的主題的第一個方面；3) 第一個方面的例子；4) 教授討論的主題的第二個方面；5) 第二個方面的例子

② 總結(jié)聽力中的例子時候應(yīng)該抓住最核心的要點

下面以 TPO 2 Task 6為例    

聽完內(nèi)容后會注意到以下5個點

1.The professor is discussing two different definitions of money.

2.A broad definition of money is anything that can be used to make purchases with.

3.For example, people might give a taxi driver coins or bills, or even vegetables for a ride.

4.A narrower definition of money is something that must be accepted as payment, legal tender.

5.For example, a taxi driver must accept coins and bills, but he does not have to accept vegetables, because vegetables are not legal tender in the U.S. 

Task 6 - Academic Lecture

目前托福口語Task 6的幾種考法

1. 解決一個問題的兩個方案

2. 一個物體或方法的兩種使用方法

3. 一個過程的兩個步驟

4. 一個原因?qū)е碌膬蓚�現(xiàn)象

5. 一個后果產(chǎn)生的兩個原因

6. 一個概念的兩種定義

答題要點：

① 5個點

1) 教授在討論的主題；2) 教授討論的主題的第一個方面；3) 第一個方面的例子；4) 教授討論的主題的第二個方面；5) 第二個方面的例子

② 總結(jié)聽力中的例子時候應(yīng)該抓住最核心的要點

下面以 TPO 2 Task 6為例

聽完內(nèi)容后會注意到以下5個點

1.The professor is discussing two different definitions of money.

2.A broad definition of money is anything that can be used to make purchases with.

3.For example, people might give a taxi driver coins or bills, or even vegetables for a ride.

4.A narrower definition of money is something that must be accepted as payment, legal tender.

5.For example, a taxi driver must accept coins and bills, but he does not have to accept vegetables, because vegetables are not legal tender in the U.S.

最后非常重要的一點是發(fā)音，從Fair 到 Good，美音基本接近完美是非常必要的。但要注意語速和清晰。

名師簡介        400-618-0272

于琨老師，雅思7.5和托福100+，擅長雅思聽力口語寫作、托�？谡Z寫作教學。曾于澳洲留學,生活,工作近6年,先后就讀于澳大利亞墨爾本大學,迪肯大學碩士畢業(yè)。在澳工作期間表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異,曾受邀參加CCTV國際頻道采訪.

【教學風格】授課內(nèi)容充實嚴謹,口語運用解析法，善于互動教學、幽默風趣、深入簡出，隨和大方，因材施教。時時更新口語機經(jīng)和預(yù)測，在授課的同時能給學生諸多人生感悟和留學經(jīng)驗。

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