SAT由3部分組成,Writing 寫作,Mathematical Section(數(shù)學(xué)部分)和 Verbal Section(語(yǔ)文部分)。
由于英語(yǔ)水平,文化背景,中西方學(xué)校教育體系和側(cè)重點(diǎn)的不同,以及個(gè)體學(xué)生的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),知識(shí)面的廣度和深度的差別,SAT的語(yǔ)文部分對(duì)我們中國(guó)考生極具挑戰(zhàn)性,成為學(xué)生SAT考試取得成功的攔路虎,考生往往談虎色變,難以應(yīng)對(duì)。
其實(shí),SAT極其強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的CRITICAL THINGKING能力,除了加強(qiáng)學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)基本功和“硬”實(shí)力外,如何提高學(xué)生的“軟”實(shí)力和“巧實(shí)力”, 也就是如何強(qiáng)化學(xué)生的邏輯知識(shí)和邏輯思考能力,做到舉一反三,取得事半功倍的效果,是我們需要認(rèn)真鉆研和努力的部分。
下面就自己在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,邏輯關(guān)系在SAT閱讀中的應(yīng)運(yùn),首先就邏輯關(guān)系在填空題中的應(yīng)用做一些粗淺的分析。
一、同意重復(fù)邏輯關(guān)系
1.1 明顯因果關(guān)系關(guān)系詞(有明顯的因果關(guān)系詞)
Because A,B, Because B/A, so/therefore B:
Given/since A,B:
Too A to B/so A that B/such A that B
-ing/-ed
The commentator characterized the electoral as______because it was unpredictable and given to constantly shifting moods.
A. Mercurial B. Corrosive C. Disingenuous D. Implacable E.Phlegmatic
1.2 隱含因果關(guān)系(沒有明顯的因果關(guān)系詞,但隱含的因果關(guān)系明顯)
As long as nations cannot themselves accumulate enough physical power to dominate all others, they must depend on______
A.allies B.resources C freedom D.education E self-determination
2. 目的手段結(jié)果關(guān)系
A by B
In order to/to:
Edith Wharton sought in her memoir to present herself as having achieved a harmonious wholeness by having______the conflicting elements of her life.
A. Affirmed B. Highlighted C. Identified D.confined E. Reconciled
3. 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系
n the seventeenth century, direct flouting of a generally accepted system of values was regarded as______,even as a sign of madness
A. Adventurous B.frivolous C. Willful D. Impermissible E irrational
4. 并列復(fù)指關(guān)系
A,B
A and B:
詞性并列結(jié)構(gòu)
Scientists wonder what to do with the dead satellites, jettisoned rockets, drifting paint flecks, and other_____orbiting earth.
A.flotsam B. Reconnaissance C.decimation D.raiment E. Sustenance
5. 解釋關(guān)系
定語(yǔ)從句/狀語(yǔ)從句:
分句/冒號(hào)/that is/逗號(hào):
A,B=A~,B~
插入語(yǔ)成分
The judge’s published opinions, though sophisticated and subtle, were undeniably_____: they left no doubt on her intentions .
A. Unequivocal B. Effusive C. Incorrigible D.Tenuous E. Ineffable
二、 反義重復(fù)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)
2.1 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
Although easily angered by our mischievous behaviors, our mother could be immediately_____by our expression of remorse.
A. Substantiated B impugned C.protected D. United E. mollified
2.2 對(duì)比關(guān)系
明顯對(duì)比含義詞
非明顯對(duì)比含義詞
特殊含義詞對(duì)比
時(shí)間對(duì)比關(guān)系詞
Unlike the_____presentations of the other students in class, Mary Catherine’s presentation demonstrated a thorough and mature grasp of the material.
A. Astute. B.Sophomoric C.incredulous D.Cloying E.Scintillating
通過(guò)對(duì)SAT中常見題型中各種邏輯關(guān)系的反復(fù)練習(xí),仔細(xì)琢磨和體驗(yàn)SAT出題的邏輯思路和考題規(guī)律,逐漸做到提綱挈領(lǐng),舉一反三,巧妙使用邏輯的規(guī)律和應(yīng)用,使其成為SAT得分的”加速器“和“力量倍增器”。
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