SAT考試中的Grammar部分，一直以來是中國考生所擅長的部分，但仍存在部分知識(shí)盲點(diǎn)，下面就SAT的improving sentence（IS）部分和identifying sentence error（ISE）部分常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行整理和歸納：
語法一：時(shí)態(tài)
眾做周知，英語中含有十六大時(shí)態(tài)，但SAT中最常見的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（因?yàn)榕c主謂一致常聯(lián)系在一起，所以�？迹F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（與句子的語義相關(guān)）、一般過去時(shí)以及過去完成時(shí)（與固定搭配�？迹�
SAT常考點(diǎn)：
1. 時(shí)態(tài)一致
一般來說，劃線部分和未劃線部分的時(shí)態(tài)相吻合，尤其是在主從復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和并列結(jié)構(gòu)中。做題方法：關(guān)注未劃線部分的時(shí)態(tài)，最好能在周圍找到時(shí)間狀語，推斷出劃線部分的時(shí)態(tài)。
例題：Dr. Chien-Shiung Wu has disproved a widely accepted theory of physics when she showed that identical nuclear particles do not always act alike.
A. has disproved
B. having disproved
C. disproved
D. disproves
E. disproving
題目解析：
劃線部分和答案選項(xiàng)已經(jīng)給予我們足夠提示：時(shí)態(tài)問題。根據(jù)when后面的時(shí)態(tài)，我們得知從句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致，所以主句應(yīng)該選擇一般過去的C選項(xiàng)。但注意，在show后面出現(xiàn)的賓語從句中又出現(xiàn)了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，再根據(jù)句意：吳博士反駁了一個(gè)物理學(xué)界普遍認(rèn)同的理論，她聲稱完全相同的原子核不總是作用相似（即真理）。所以后面是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
2. 完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞
大家在初高中必然學(xué)得使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的條件，下面重新復(fù)習(xí)一下：
1）主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) since 一般過去式
例：Mike has prepared well for this trip since his father told that all the family would travel around western Europe during Christmas.
2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) for 一段時(shí)間
例：I have trapped in this car accident for almost two hours.
3）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) in the past/last 一段時(shí)間
例：All the Americans have undergone griefs and restored their faith in life in the last decade.
4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的副詞
例： Recently, all the world have concerned about the Yellow Stone National Park because in <2012> the disaster starts there.
例題：Tenor George Shirley sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having his debut there as Fernando in Cosifan tulle on October 24, 1961.
A. sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having
B. sang more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since having had
C. has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera since
D. has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera after
E. has sung more than 20 leading roles at the Metropolitan Opera subsequently to
題目解析：根據(jù)未劃線的部分，是一般過去時(shí)，然后又出現(xiàn)since，主句必然是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，所以選擇選項(xiàng)C。
過去完成時(shí)也是SAT語法�？嫉闹R(shí)點(diǎn)！
1）主句過去完成時(shí) by the time/end 一般過去時(shí)
例：The flight had been away by the time Tom and his friends arrived at the airport.
2）主句過去完成時(shí) before 一般過去時(shí)
例：All the class had already heard of this frustrating news before their teacher wanted to announce in class.
3）根據(jù)句意
例題：At holidays, my uncle was the relative who told me the stories that I had heard every year throughout my childhood and also the years of my adolescence.
A. had heard every year throughout my childhood and also the years of my adolescence
B. had heard every year throughout my childhood and my adolescence
C. have heard repeatedly throughout my childhood and my adolescence alike.
D. have, every year, had told to me both in my childhood as well as my adolescence.
E. every year have had told to me throughout my childhood and my adolescence.
題目解析：未劃線部分為一般過去時(shí)，劃線部分理解為：我已經(jīng)在青少年時(shí)期每年都聽過的故事，這就比主句動(dòng)作的提前一個(gè)時(shí)間段發(fā)生，所以應(yīng)為過去完成時(shí)。又根據(jù)SAT語法中講究省略原則，所以當(dāng)出現(xiàn)and also the years of這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，是重復(fù)了后面的my adolescence，所以選擇B選項(xiàng)更為簡潔。
總之，過去完成時(shí)的出現(xiàn)要以先出現(xiàn)過去時(shí)或者過去進(jìn)行時(shí)為前提，然后根據(jù)before/ after或者句意來判斷是否該使用過去完成時(shí)。
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主講雅思、托福閱讀課程，擅長英語詞匯培訓(xùn)，治學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。將留學(xué)體驗(yàn)與語言學(xué)習(xí)巧妙結(jié)合，寓教于樂，深得學(xué)生喜愛。國內(nèi)大學(xué)主修英語教育，專業(yè)八級(jí)。保研攻讀東北師范大學(xué)外國語言學(xué)及應(yīng)用語言學(xué)碩士，讀研期間公派英國獲得管理學(xué)碩士學(xué)位。
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從業(yè)期間，培養(yǎng)了眾多雅思、托�？忌懈Ｆ骄�25分，雅思普遍成績6.5分，最高分8.5。
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