托福閱讀攻略之插入文本題

插入文本題是指將給出的句子填在段落中適當?shù)奈恢�。很多同學在做這種題型的時候都是依靠感覺。而很多時候感覺又會讓同學們糾結于其中的一兩個干擾項。下面我們就來討論下，這樣的題型有什么特點，通過分析特點，來加強自己的解題技巧。

很多同學都知道要先讀所給句子，但是怎么讀呢？下面我們分成三大類。

1. 如果句子或者文章中有it，they這樣的代詞的話，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成指代題來做�？粗复�的是什么信息，和上一句哪部分能連得上。

指代題做法主要有：看代詞后面的謂語動詞是什么樣的信息可以發(fā)出的。比如TPO15passage2question6的指代題：

The problem is that as blood flows through the turtle’s flippers, it risks losing enough heat to lower the animal’s central body temperature when 【it】 returns,

這里it發(fā)出的動作是returns，而returns這個動詞顯然和前半句的flows對應。整個過程是it先flows，再returns，所以it指代blood。

轉(zhuǎn)化成指代題的另外一個技巧是看單復數(shù)。以該文question12為例，要插入的句子是：

However, these animals have additional means of staying warm.

而文章是：

Maintaining a high body temperature through sheer bulk is called gigantothermy. ■ It works for elephants, for whales, and, perhaps, it worked for many of the larger dinosaurs. ■ It apparently works, in a smaller way, for some other sea turtles. ■ Large loggerhead and green turtles can maintain their body temperature at a degree or two above that of the surrounding water, and gigantothermy is probably the way they do it. ■ Muscular activity helps, too, and an actively swimming green turtle may be T C (12.6°F) warmer than the waters it swims through.

第一、二個方框后面的it是單數(shù)，不適合放句子，因為句子的名詞都是復數(shù)，所以排除。這是轉(zhuǎn)換成指代題的解法。

2，看重復詞。句子提到additional means，說明之前的means已經(jīng)討論完了，現(xiàn)在要說其它額外的means了。比較第三、四個方框，顯然第四個方框后面的muscular activity是一種其它的means，而三后面的句子依然在討論之前的gigantothermy。所以選D 

再看一個例子，TPO23passage1question13，句子是：

Another possibility is for the heat island to be stretched along the course of major rivers, since large waterways typically have a warming effect on the air directly above them.

文章是Heat islands develop best under particular conditions associated with light winds, but they can form almost any time. ■ The precise configuration of a heat island depends on several factors. ■ For example, the wind can make a heat island stretch in the direction it blows. ■ When a heat island is well developed, variations can be extreme; in winter, busy streets in cities can be 17℃ warmer than the side streets. ■ Areas near traffic lights can be similarly warmer than the areas between them because of the effect of cars standing in traffic instead of moving.

我們看到another possibility很容易聯(lián)想到one possibility，但是文章沒有提到。所以我們通過重復詞stretched, 對應到第三個方框前面一句話, the wind…stretch, 然后緊跟句子another… stretch，所以選C。

3，看邏輯關系。有轉(zhuǎn)折連詞的可以幫助分析作者態(tài)度。例如TPO19passage2question13，句子是：

They may be more interested in researching, for example, the adaptations that some aquatic animals undergo to survive in dry desert environments.

文章是：

Although the ecosystem concept was very popular in the 1950s and 1960s, it is no longer the dominant paradigm.■ Gleason's arguments against climax and biome are largely valid against ecosystems as well. ■ Furthermore, the number of interactions is so great that they are difficult to analyze, even with the help of large computers. Finally, younger ecologists have found ecological problems involving behavior and life-history adaptations more attractive than measuring physical constants. ■ Nevertheless, one still speaks of the ecosystem when referring to a local association of animals and plants, usually without paying much attention to the energy aspects.■。

通過剛才說的轉(zhuǎn)換指代題根據(jù)單復數(shù)的技巧，輕易排除A。C后面是nevertheless，表轉(zhuǎn)折，后面作者的態(tài)度是without…，表示否定。把句子they may be more interested…放在前面最合適，表示他們對…更感興趣，盡管如此，他們不會太注意…。

通過上面三大方式，同學們可以自己嘗試分析題型，了解段落的連貫性，而不是單純的依靠感覺來做題。

推薦專家
	姓名：李蓉   電話：025-84671466，84679599 電子郵箱：verali@shinyway 所在地點：南京市白下區(qū)太平南路1號新世紀廣場A幢2905室 咨詢國家/地區(qū)：null
【專業(yè)資歷】
李蓉，南京新通雅思托福老師，從事閱讀、寫作教學工作。英語專業(yè)八級。曾在新西蘭國際交換項目中擔任導師，為美國、新西蘭等多國學生提供學習輔導工作。熟悉西方文化。擁有豐富的教育行業(yè)工作經(jīng)驗。授課深入淺出，融會貫通。讓學員掌握學習方法，激發(fā)學員學習興趣。
【成功案例】
王同學，屬于基礎較好的高三學生。上培訓課前將劍橋8做過兩遍，但是正確率沒有明顯進步。通過和學生的多次交談和溝通，發(fā)現(xiàn)他在做題之后僅僅對了答案，并沒有深入剖析做題錯誤的根源：段落細節(jié)配對題正確率很低，他總是會錯過關鍵信息而找不到答案。于是我們把上課重點放在同義轉(zhuǎn)換歸類上。不僅僅是同義詞、反義詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換，還有對于某個信息可能出現(xiàn)的句子形式也需要brainstorming練習。通過一個多月的輔導和練習，該同學參加雅思考試最終閱讀考了9分的高分。

版權聲明：本原創(chuàng)文章版權歸“新通教育網(wǎng)（bdspfw.cn）”所有，未經(jīng)書面許可不得轉(zhuǎn)貼、轉(zhuǎn)載。否則，新通教育網(wǎng)將追究其相關法律責任。