如何快速破解GRE寫(xiě)作中的instruction？

大家都知道新的GRE考試當(dāng)中加了instruction這一部分。很多同學(xué)對(duì)于instruction不以為然。因?yàn)橛行┩瑢W(xué)沒(méi)有按照instruction的要求去寫(xiě)，這樣就導(dǎo)致了萬(wàn)年3分，

不信，我們看看3分的一個(gè)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

It does not identify or examine most of the aspects of the argument relevant to the assigned task, although some relevant examination of the argument is present.

我們都知道要identify argument的3個(gè)部分（evidence，assumption，conclusion）然后找邏輯錯(cuò)誤。但是，不是只找出邏輯錯(cuò)誤就行的，我們需要按照instruction要求的去寫(xiě)。

今天我們就看看Argument當(dāng)中的instruction到底要怎么來(lái)處理！

【例題】 

Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such a "Palean" basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

【解析】  

我們先看看這道題的推理圖：evidence有3個(gè)，assumption有4個(gè)，結(jié)論是Palean籃子不是Palean獨(dú)有的。

這道題目很多同學(xué)可能會(huì)寫(xiě)：

The author assumes that Brim river was broad and deep in ancient time. However, the author makes a false assumption that the river did not change. Therefore, the author needs to substantiate the assumption by proving the Brim River is deep and broad all along.

然而，這道題的instruction是針對(duì)evidence類的，所以重點(diǎn)不是分析作者的假設(shè)，而是要分析有哪些具體的evidence可能會(huì)削弱或加強(qiáng)作者的結(jié)論。

所以改過(guò)的body段是這樣的：

To begin with, the author assumes that the Brim River was deep and broad in ancient time and people can cross it only by boat. (第一句寫(xiě)出作者提出的假設(shè))To evaluate this assumption, the author needs to provide geological evidences about this river during that time. （第二句寫(xiě)作者的問(wèn)題）Perhaps rivers has changed significantly over the course of centuries due to the influence of climate, environment, and crustal movement. Therefore, there is a possibility that people could cross the river on foot during the dry season.（第三和第四句是反駁和提供其他可能性）Unless the author provideinformation to demonstrate that the Brim River was not a shallow creek and it existed when human made Palean baskets, we cannot be convinced that Palean baskets can only reach Lithos by boat. （第五句小結(jié)句）

標(biāo)黃的部分就符合了instruction的要求。

作者需要給出更多相關(guān)的evidence來(lái)證明Brim River 過(guò)去是深和寬的。

小結(jié)句也指出作者需要更多的信息證明作者的論斷。

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