雅思閱讀同義詞替換是送分題還是送命題？

雅思閱讀中，學會找到題干與文章中出現(xiàn)的同義替換關系是必不可少的技能，今天我們看看在雅思閱讀中常見替換的幾種情況，比如近義詞轉換，語態(tài)變化，上下義轉換，連接詞替換等等。>>對雅思閱讀有疑問？點擊咨詢

1.近義詞轉換 

（C10T1P2）原文：

Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating teleworking and teleservices, the requirement for transport continues to increase.

Q.22題目：

The needfor transport is growing, despite technological developments.

題目中的need 表示需求，如果題刷得足夠多的烤鴨會一下子反應過來，need最常見的替換就是requirement, 兩個單詞經常會被用來互相替換。

這一題說的是盡管技術發(fā)展了，人們對于交通運輸?shù)男枨笕匀辉谠鲩L。我們看到原文中的requirement也是在持續(xù)增長，正好能夠對應上，那么這道題的答案就應當是T。

2.詞性轉換

原文：

Beyond this, it is also of paramount importance to recognize and understand the conventions of discourse structure, both generally and within specific subject areas.

題目要求：

Complete the summary below by choosing a maximum of two words from the above paragraph to fill the spaces.

題目：

To extract meaning quickly are effectively, it is also important to recognize conventional ___________ and the importance of the topic sentence and discourse markers.

這個Summary題目中的空格前的conventional 和原文當中的conventions既是一對典型的詞性轉換形式。

考生即使對于conventional這個詞不熟悉也可以根據(jù)詞性轉換的原則定位到原文相關的地方，對應到相應的答案the conventions of discourse structure。

根據(jù)題目要求，答案的詞數(shù)限定為兩個詞，因此答案為discourse structure。

3.語態(tài)轉換

填空題no more than two words ：

T: It is technically incorrect to talk about bat ‘radar’, since they do not use radio waves.

Q: Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because ____ are not used in their navigation system.

are not used – not use，

所以容易判斷出答案為radio waves。

4.連接詞的同義轉換

（C7T7P2）原文出題句：

It could go a long way, he says, to shifting consumers as well as farmers towards a more sustainable system of agriculture.

填空題：

He feels this would help to change the attitudes of both _____ and _____.

聰明的烤鴨一看到both ... and 的并列連接關系與文中的as well as 表示“也”的連接詞，就能夠輕松填出“consumers”和“farmers”這兩個正確答案。

這道作為考點的題簡單且清晰，讓考生能輕松獲分。

5.上下義詞轉換

上義詞是對事物的概括性、抽象性說明（共性）；下義詞是對事物的具體表現(xiàn)形式或更為具體的說明（個性）。

例如：

fruit(上義詞)-apple, oranges, strawberry（下義詞）

fruit是一個比較廣泛的概念，這里被稱作上義詞；

apple, oranges, strawberry是具體的品種，可以稱作下義詞。

(C10T1P1)原文：

During their heyday, they were places of gathering of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes.

題目：

Stepwells had a range of functions, in addition to those related to water collection.

我們可看到題目中出現(xiàn)a range of functions,一系列的功能，是一個比較概括的詞組，可以算作原文中gathering of leisure, relaxation and of worship的上義詞，也就是說水井的一系列功能包括供人們休閑，放松和祭祀。

提高雅思閱讀，有效識別雅思閱讀中的替換，除了背誦同義詞替換詞匯，還要了解考官出題的手段。

從本質上去了解考官會怎么出題，這樣才能保證短時間真正學習。

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