大家好，我是老甜。
繼上次談到雅思寫(xiě)作萬(wàn)能素材之法律類(lèi)話題，很多同學(xué)都覺(jué)得受益匪淺，意猶未盡。那么這次，我依然以2008-2018這十年收錄的真題為例，給大家展示一下雅思大作文中的媒體類(lèi)話題——這個(gè)妙（shi）趣(fen)橫(jian)生(dan)的話題。
Part 1 考什么
重點(diǎn)范圍
媒體的影響
(1) What is the effect of negative information shown on media？
(2) Is violence contained in films and computer games?
(3) Is watching TV good for children? Why or why not?
(4) Why is news media important in our country? Is its influence positive or negative?
(5) Are peoples ideas influenced by newspapers?
考題例子
A tendency that the news reported in the media focuses on problems and emergencies rather than the positive developments is harmful to both the individual and our society. To what extent do you agree or disagree?(2012. 04. 14)
廣告的影響
(6)Do advertisements make people look the same? Why or why not?
(7) what's the influence of advertising on people's life?
(8)Do the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising?
(9) Should all forms of advertising be banned?
(10) What are the effect of advertisements aimed at children?
考題例子
Advertising discourages us from being different individuals by making them want to be or look the same. Do you agree or disagree?(2015.07.11)
次要范圍
真實(shí)性
(11) Should we trust journalists? What qualities should they have?
(12) How do you think the information on the Internet?
媒體暴力
(13) Should the amount of violence on the TV program be reduced? Why?
(14) Should the media report details of crimes?
閱讀與看電視
(15) Which one is better, reading or watching TV?
(16)Will radio be replaced by TV?
國(guó)際新聞
(17) Should secondary school students learn international news?
質(zhì)量與數(shù)量
(18) Will people pay more attention to quantity rather than quality because of advertising?
Part2 思考維度
(1) Apart from promoting products, what other advantages can advertising bring us?
(2) Can you identify various forms of advertisements?
(3) Do advertisements focus on the features and functions or effects of products?
(4) Which target group is easily influenced by advertisements?
(5) Do ads tend to enhance or eliminate individualism?
(6) Why do ads become more entertaining?
(7) Do you get fragmented information or a deep insight?
(8) Do you learn actively or passively?
(9) Do you get old information or updated information?
(10) Do you tend to be focused or distracted?
An Illustration思考維度1
作為消費(fèi)者最新的產(chǎn)品信息作為消費(fèi)者和生產(chǎn)商之間的橋梁,廣告可以提供消費(fèi)者最新的產(chǎn)品信息(the latest information),便于人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)(purchase)和選擇商品。
除此之外,廣告還有利于刺激人們的購(gòu)買(mǎi)沖動(dòng)( evoke impulse buying),增加產(chǎn)品的銷(xiāo)量(boost sales),以此帶動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展( promote economic development)。
同時(shí),廣告也成為了很多產(chǎn)業(yè)的支柱與收入來(lái)源(a main source of income),尤其是媒體業(yè)。
但是廣告會(huì)帶來(lái)很多問(wèn)題。對(duì)消費(fèi)者最直接的影響就是會(huì)增加產(chǎn)品的成本導(dǎo)致價(jià)格上漲(add to the cost of the products)。
而且,很多廣告只提及產(chǎn)品的優(yōu)點(diǎn)(claim products’ advantages only),是一種不公正( unfair),不全面的信息。很多廣告甚至宣傳虛假和夸張的信息(false and exaggerative information),來(lái)誤導(dǎo)(mislead)和欺騙(cheat)消費(fèi)者。甚至一些廣告上面還有許多不良信息(negative information)的傳播,比如一些色情(pornography)與暴力( violence)信息,對(duì)于小孩來(lái)說(shuō)是非常不利的(adverse)。
最后,廣告會(huì)導(dǎo)致消費(fèi)者沖動(dòng)購(gòu)買(mǎi)(impulsive purchase),導(dǎo)致一些不必要的浪費(fèi)。
當(dāng)然,值得注意的是廣告分為商業(yè)廣告(commercial advertising)和公益廣告(public service advertising),商業(yè)廣告有利有弊,但是公益廣告還是有教育宣傳(publicity)功能的。
這樣,我們是否部分解決了“考什么1、2、3、4、6、7、8、9”?
再看以下一些雅思考題,是否茅塞頓開(kāi)了？
(1) A high percentage of advertisements on TV are aimed at children. What are effects of this situation on children? Should television advertisements be controlled?(2014.4.24)
(2) People are surrounded by many kinds of advertising which can influence their life. Does the positive effect of this trend outweigh the negative effect?(2015. 12.5)
（3）There is a lot of physical work which has been replaced by machines. Do advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?(2015. 11. 19)
Part3 真題寫(xiě)作
2016年7月9日真題
There are many advertisements directed at children, such as snacks, toys and other goods. Parents argue that children are under pressure. Advertisers claim that the advertisements provide useful information. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.
Write at least 250 words.
Step1 審題
本題第一句是背景句,其中的例子snacks和toys最好在文章中要提及,可以作為例證展開(kāi)。第二句和第三句是觀點(diǎn)句,相對(duì)立,分別對(duì)應(yīng)廣告的一個(gè)弊端和一個(gè)好處。這里的 under pressure要結(jié)合上下文理解,指的是 Children are easily influenced by advertisements and likely to ask their parents to buy the advertised goods
Step2 構(gòu)思
負(fù)面觀點(diǎn): under pressure
1)從廣告出發(fā):廣告產(chǎn)品可能對(duì)孩子無(wú)益,導(dǎo)致對(duì)健康不利
2)從孩子出發(fā):纏著父母要買(mǎi),對(duì)父母造成困擾,增加經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)
正面觀點(diǎn): useful information
通過(guò)廣告和產(chǎn)品了解外部世界
我的觀點(diǎn):廣告無(wú)所謂好壞,孩子無(wú)鑒別能力,重點(diǎn)看父母的引導(dǎo)
在討論雙方觀點(diǎn)時(shí)可以客觀地給出觀點(diǎn)持有方的理由,也可以融入自己的觀點(diǎn)。
Step3 組織
Outline:
Paragraph1:背景句+題目改寫(xiě)
Paragraph2:父母對(duì)廣告持有負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)
√支持細(xì)節(jié)1:廣告產(chǎn)品可能對(duì)孩子無(wú)益,導(dǎo)致對(duì)健康不利(例子:糖果)√支持細(xì)節(jié)2:孩子纏著父母要買(mǎi),對(duì)父母造成困擾,增加經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān) Paragraph3:廣告商認(rèn)為廣告給孩子提供有用信息
√支持細(xì)節(jié)1:孩子通過(guò)產(chǎn)品和廣告可以認(rèn)知外部世界
√支持細(xì)節(jié)2:例證:車(chē)子玩具讓孩子了解真實(shí)世界
Paragraph4:自己的觀點(diǎn):廣告無(wú)所謂好壞,孩子無(wú)鑒別能力,重點(diǎn)看父母的引導(dǎo)
Step4 首段落寫(xiě)作
There are many advertisements directed at children, such as snacks, toys and other goods. Parents argue that children are under pressure. Advertisers claim that the advertisements provide useful information. Discuss both views and give your own opinion
首段落寫(xiě)作中最重要的原則是對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義或近義替換，可以改寫(xiě)成：
There are many advertisements aimed at children ranging from food to toys. This has become a topic of debate between parents and people in the advertising industry.
我們也可以著眼于句型,對(duì)原句型加以一定的改變。這里,第一句是背景句。二三兩句是觀點(diǎn)句。我們可以將背景句作為原因,兩種觀點(diǎn)作為結(jié)果。可以寫(xiě)成：
Nowadays, an increasing number of advertisements targeting at children have caused a divide in the opinion between parents and advertisers.
也可以將背景用介詞短語(yǔ)引入,重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方觀點(diǎn)的不同：
In view of the increasing advertisements aimed at children flooding the TV screen, parents worry that their children are negatively affected, while advertisers claim these ads provide valuable information.
原則: 題目改寫(xiě)并不是盡可能多的替換掉原題的詞匯,而是要在保證不犧牲句子流暢度和地道性的前提下做修改,尤其要替換掉一些關(guān)鍵詞。
Step5 主體段寫(xiě)作
接下來(lái),根據(jù)step3提綱中的 paragraph2部分展開(kāi)寫(xiě)作
Paragraph2:父母對(duì)廣告持有負(fù)面觀點(diǎn)
√支持細(xì)節(jié)1:廣告產(chǎn)品可能對(duì)孩子無(wú)益,導(dǎo)致對(duì)健康不利(例子:糖果)√支持細(xì)節(jié)2:孩子纏著父母要買(mǎi),對(duì)父母造成困擾,增加經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)
Sample(參考素材庫(kù)):
Most parents hold a negative view about this phenomenon. (主題句)They assert that the advertised goods such as snacks and toys that have a strong appeal to children are mostly unnecessary or even do harm to children’s health.(支持細(xì)節(jié)1) Take snacks for example. To attract children visually, snack producers often use food coloring, a kind of additive. Taking too many additives is definitely detrimental to children’s health.(舉例說(shuō)明支持細(xì)節(jié)1) Another strong argument is that children, who are poor in self-control, are very likely to pester their parents to buy what they see on TV commercials. Such behavior sometimes is irritating, and some parents will reluctantly give in. Also it incurs unnecessary family spending.(支持細(xì)節(jié)2)
練習(xí):根據(jù) Paragraph3的提綱來(lái)進(jìn)行段落寫(xiě)作
Paragraph3:廣告商認(rèn)為廣告給孩子提供有用信息
√支持細(xì)節(jié)1:孩子通過(guò)產(chǎn)品和廣告可以認(rèn)知外部世界
√支持細(xì)節(jié)2:例證:車(chē)子玩具讓孩子了解真實(shí)世界
Step6結(jié)尾段寫(xiě)作
Paragraph 4：自己的觀點(diǎn)：廣告無(wú)所謂好壞，孩子無(wú)鑒別能力，重點(diǎn)看父母的引導(dǎo)
In my opinion, there are both desirable and undesirable goods and advertisements. As children are too young to differentiate the good from the bad, it is parents' duty to control the time children spend watching TV commercials and to teach them what is within and what is beyond their need.
以上，說(shuō)了這么多，不如任選一篇，動(dòng)動(dòng)手吧。
想要完整素材庫(kù)的同學(xué)，也歡迎來(lái)和我多多交流。
最后祝大家考運(yùn)亨通哦。
