托福閱讀社科類文章講解

 托福閱讀的文章涵蓋范圍非常廣，復(fù)雜的專業(yè)知識(shí)，艱澀的學(xué)科詞匯讓很多同學(xué)頭疼。今天我們就幾個(gè)題來把握一下社會(huì)科學(xué)方面的問題，掌握一些社科類的詞匯。

社科類詞匯相對(duì)于地質(zhì)，生物類詞匯而言，相對(duì)常見，也更容易識(shí)背。同學(xué)們課下一是可以通過詞匯書以及詞匯資料去積累記憶，第二就是及時(shí)進(jìn)行文章精讀，歸納整理。

我們今天就一篇閱讀部分社科類文章進(jìn)行講解，希望大家能積累一些地社科詞匯，掌握做題方法。

Two other developments presaged the end of the era of turnpikes and started a transportation revolution that resulted in increased regional specialization and the growth of a national market economy. First came the steamboat; although flatboats and keelboats continued to be important until the 1850’s steamboats eventually superseded all other craft in the carrying of passengers and freight. Steamboats were not only faster but also transported upriver freight for about one tenth of what it had previously cost on hand-propelled keelboats. Next came the Erie Canal, an enormous project in its day, spanning about 350 miles. After the canal went into operation, the cost per mile of transporting a ton of freight from Buffalo to New York City declined from nearly 20 cents to less than 1 cent. Eventually, the western states diverted much of their produce from the rivers to the Erie Canal, a shorter route to eastern markets.

T20 (1) 12

Paragraph 5 mentions that the Erie Canal led to a reduction in all of the following EXCEPT

A.the length of the route that goods from the West traveled across to reach eastern markets.

B.the cost of transporting freight.

C.the price of produce from western states.

D.the amount of produce from western states that was shipped on rivers.

根據(jù)題干我們知道，這是一道細(xì)節(jié)選非題，題干問第五段中Erie運(yùn)河并沒有導(dǎo)致四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中哪個(gè)的減少。我們需要在文章中運(yùn)河的建成導(dǎo)致了什么的下降，文章未提及的即答案。我們拿Erie Canal定位到了Next came the Erie Canal，往后看我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，1.the cost per mile of transporting a ton of freight declined，即運(yùn)輸每噸貨物的價(jià)格減少，即對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)B，運(yùn)輸?shù)幕ㄙM(fèi)減少，2. the western states diverted much of their produce from the rivers to the Erie Canal西方國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)移很多產(chǎn)品從河道到運(yùn)河，即對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)D，由經(jīng)過河流運(yùn)輸?shù)呢浳餃p少。3. the Erie Canal, a shorter route to eastern markets，運(yùn)河即通往東方世界更短的路線，即對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A，從西方運(yùn)往都東方的路徑長(zhǎng)度減少。因此，該題選C，西方世界產(chǎn)品的價(jià)格并未提及。

最后請(qǐng)同學(xué)們掌握以下社科類文章中出現(xiàn)的。

重點(diǎn)詞、詞組

presage：預(yù)兆，警示

turnpike：收費(fèi)公路

revolution： 巨變;大變革

specialization：專門化，專業(yè)化

steamboat： 汽船;輪船

flatboat：平底船

supersede：取代，替代

freight：貨物;貨運(yùn)

enormous： 巨大的;龐大的

本期關(guān)于社科類的文章講解和重點(diǎn)高頻詞匯就先給同學(xué)們分享到這里，如果同學(xué)們對(duì)托福課程感興趣，或者需要的幫助，，我們的課程老師會(huì)為大家進(jìn)行細(xì)致的講解，推薦適合自己的課程，讓大家在西安本地考出理想的。

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