托�？谡Z的模板真的有用嗎？

托福口語題目的練習(xí)中，為了方便考生組織答案，老師會(huì)在每一個(gè)題目的講解中給出一個(gè)“模板”，即所謂的答案框架，下面，我們來討論一下托福綜合口語模板好用嗎？

模板的作用：方便答題。

模板最初被創(chuàng)造出來，目的很單純：方便考生答題。因?yàn)槊總�(gè)題型的內(nèi)容和問題是比較固定的，因此掌握一定的模板，能使考生在考場(chǎng)上有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)快速答出題目，將所聽內(nèi)容和細(xì)節(jié)像填圖一樣填在模板的每一個(gè)空格處。它有一定的便利性。另外，模板本身結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，層次分明，能一定程度上緩解考生本身語言中的無邏輯或邏輯混亂的問題。

 托福口語模板真的好用嗎？

 模板的缺點(diǎn)：浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。 

通過課堂上的大量實(shí)驗(yàn)和觀察發(fā)現(xiàn)，考生在使用模板時(shí)最大的問題就是時(shí)間成本。模板本身占據(jù)一定時(shí)間，而托福獨(dú)立口語每個(gè)題目的回答時(shí)間只有60s，在本來答題時(shí)間就很緊張的情況下，模板長(zhǎng)達(dá)10s甚至15s，反而給考生帶來了更大的時(shí)間壓力，特別是一些基礎(chǔ)較弱、語速較慢的考生，經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)因?yàn)槟０逄�拖沓�?dǎo)致最后無法在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)回答完題目的問題發(fā)生。

 下面，我們用Task3“學(xué)校通知/學(xué)生提議”為例，來看一下模板的使用問題。

 Task 3 的一個(gè)常用模板為：In the reading passage, the school makes an announcement that it will....because...and.... But in the listening passage, the student shows her disagreement with this announcement for two reasons. First.... Second.... 此模板單詞數(shù)為32，本身不長(zhǎng)，但是對(duì)于一些基礎(chǔ)較差、語速很慢的學(xué)生來說，只讀完這個(gè)模板所需時(shí)間可能長(zhǎng)達(dá)至少10s，可能導(dǎo)致最后聽力細(xì)節(jié)來不及說完而丟分。在考生對(duì)此模板已經(jīng)非常熟悉之后，完全可以簡(jiǎn)化模板，將重點(diǎn)和時(shí)間放在reading和listening的核心內(nèi)容上，托�？谡Z是踩點(diǎn)給分的，不是按照模板給分，即只要讓考官聽到關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，考生就能得分。模板說的再全再漂亮，閱讀和聽力中的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)說不全照樣會(huì)丟分。比如我們可以將模板簡(jiǎn)化成以下內(nèi)容：The school plans to ....because... and.... But the student thinks it’ll be a terrible idea because first..., second.... 這樣模板被簡(jiǎn)化為只有18個(gè)單詞，比之前少了將近一半的篇幅。在變得簡(jiǎn)單易表達(dá)的同時(shí)，邏輯依然清晰。這樣考生會(huì)有更多時(shí)間來詳細(xì)復(fù)述閱讀和聽力中的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。

 再以Task 5“學(xué)生問題”為例： 

Task5的一個(gè)常見模板為 The student has a problem that he.... There are two possible solutions for him. First, he could... Second, he could... I’d prefer the first/second solution for 2 reasons. First,... Second... （46詞），task5本身聽力細(xì)節(jié)就很多，考生經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)因?yàn)槟０逋享忱速M(fèi)時(shí)間最后無法將所聽內(nèi)容全部答完的問題。我們完全可以簡(jiǎn)化該模板：The student can’t... He could choose to...or to.... I’d prefer the first solution because he could...and...這樣原來的模板就被簡(jiǎn)化為21個(gè)單詞。并且利落很多，邏輯依然清晰。

 Eg: Tpo10 Task5 

Listening: (woman) Is there a problem with the electricity? 

 (man) Yeah, this storm knocked out power all over the city. And they’re saying it might be several hours before we have electricity again. 

 (woman) Oh, no! I have a history paper due tomorrow and I’ve been writing it on my lap top computer and the battery’s running low. I am going to need electricity soon.

  (man) Well, you know, Jefferson City still has electricity. And there is a library there where you can plug in lap top. You could go over there to work on your paper. It’s only about a twenty-minute drive.

  (woman) That’s a good idea. Of course I’d have to pack up all my stuff and it is raining outside.

  (man) Yeah, that’s true. Well, why don’t you just ask the professor for an extension? You know, tomorrow when you go to class just ask him if he would give you an extra day to get the paper done. I’m pretty sure he’d agree. You know, with the storm and all.

  (woman) Yeah, that should be a lot easier. But then he did tell us when he gave us the assignment that he wouldn’t grant any extension.

  (man) You don’t think he’d grant an exception in that case?

  (woman) I’m not sure. It’s a little risky. He might just say that we shouldn’t have waited until the last minute. 

 (man) Yeah, but, maybe if other students have the same problem you might be able to convince him. 

 (woman) Yeah, I mean, it’s not our fault that the electricity went out. Hmmm... 

如果按照第一個(gè)模板，答案如下：The woman has a problem that there is a problem with the electricity in her city due to a storm but she has to write a history paper which is due tomorrow and her lap top’s battery is running low. There are two possible solutions for her. First, she could go to another city nearby which has electricity and use the library there to finish her paper. Second, she could ask the professor for a deadline extension. I’d prefer the second solution for two reasons. First, although the professor did say when giving students the assignment that he wouldn’t grant any extension, in this case he may make an exception especially when there are other students having the same problem. After all, it is not the students’ fault that there is a blackout in the city. Second, if the girl goes to another city, she has to pack up all her stuff and it is raining outside. It will be a lot of trouble. （171詞） 

我們簡(jiǎn)化模板，答案如下：The woman has to write a history paper which is due tomorrow and her lap top’s battery is running low but there is a blackout in her city due to a storm. She could choose to go to another city nearby which has electricity and use the library there to finish her paper or she could ask the professor for a deadline extension. I’d prefer asking for an extension because although the professor did say when giving students the assignment that he wouldn’t grant any extension, in this case he may make an exception especially when there are other students having the same problem. After all, it is not the students’ fault that there is a black out in the city. Also, if the girl goes to another city, she has to pack up all her stuff and it is raining outside. It will be a lot of trouble. (156詞)

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