雅思閱讀：《巴西獨立》原文及題目講解

你現(xiàn)在拿在手里的題目選什么是不重要的，為什么選擇這個選項才是最主要的。同學(xué)們在閱讀由老師胡一美帶來的本篇分析時，請注意老師的思路分析，學(xué)會如何答題才是最主要的。答題有了方法，成績必然會提升。

好 我們繼續(xù)進行《巴西獨立》這篇文章的講解。

第三題

According to paragraph 1, what happened to the 1778-1799 conspiracy against Portuguese rule?

A It ended up creating discontent in certain provinces of Brazil

B It increasingly came under the infulence of republican ideas from Portugal

C It was crushed before it got beyond the planning stage

D It gradually lost the support of the lower strata of urban society

首先，對于題干要先整體理解，這里有個重點的詞consipiracy(陰謀,謀反,共謀 plot) , 大家后面具體看解釋。

說根據(jù)第一段，對于反對葡萄牙統(tǒng)治的1778-1799 的謀反發(fā)生了什么。這樣的細節(jié)題肯定要以年代這樣的特殊詞作為大方向去把握，

定位到原文：

The first significant conspiracy against Portuguese rule was organized from 1788-1799 in the province of Minas Gerais, where rigid governmental control over the production and prices of gold and diamonds, as well as heavy taxes, caused much discontent. But this conspiracy never went beyond the stage of discussion and was easily discovered and crushed.

大家會發(fā)現(xiàn)第一句是對情況的描述，后面用了非限制性定語從句來說 Minas Gerais省這個地方的具體情況：有政府控制、高賦稅，最終導(dǎo)致了不滿。

我們要注意的是But的邏輯詞，正所謂轉(zhuǎn)折后必有考點，這樣的內(nèi)容是我們一定要高度關(guān)注的。

But this conspiracy never went beyond the stage of discussion and was easily discovered and crushed。這句話的意思是但是這個謀反從來沒有超出討論的步驟，很容易就被發(fā)現(xiàn)和摧毀了。

根據(jù)原文答案為C。你懂了嗎?

接下來　我們看第五題。這道題也是高頻錯題。

題干說　According to paragraph 2,King Joao did each of the following for Brazil EXCEPT

A establish a natioal bank

B support Brazilian industries

C obtain improtant tariff concessions from England

D encourage trade with a wider range of nations

原文：

The Portuguese prince and future King Joao VI opened Brazil's ports to the trade of friendly nations, permitted the rise of local industries, and founded the Bank of Brazil. In 1815 he elevated Brazil to the legal status of a kingdom coequal with Portugal. ln one sense, however, Brazil's new status signified the substitution of one dependence for another. Freed from Portuguese control, Brazil came under the economic dominance of England, which obtained major tariff concessions and other privileges by the Strangford Treaty of 1810 between Portugal and Great Britain.

在文章中我們分別看到了A選項的對應(yīng)founded the Bank of Brazi， Bl選項的對應(yīng) permitted the rise of local industries, D選項的對應(yīng) trade of friendly nations, 唯獨C選項 說“從英國獲得重要的關(guān)稅特權(quán)”而原文說的是英國獲得主要的關(guān)稅特權(quán)。意思曲解，所以答案為C。

這道題大家一定要注意定語從句中真正的主語。不要只是通過簡單的定位去排除答案。

第六題 ：詞匯題precipitated 這個詞我們并不陌生。但是在文章中它的意思還是要求我們對詞的把握要非常的到位。所以我們把這個詞常用的意思都看一下。

n. 沉淀物

vt. 使沉淀;促成;猛拋;使陷入

vi. [化學(xué)] 沉淀;猛地落下;冷凝成為雨或雪等

adj. 突如其來的;猛地落下的;急促的

在我們的文章中它的意思就是 突然到來的 ，使突然發(fā)生。

在選項中也要注意 result from 不要跟result in混淆。一個是由...導(dǎo)致，一個是導(dǎo)致。

附錄：原文

In contrast to the political anarchy, economic dislocation, and military destruction in Spanish America, Brazil's drive toward independence from Portugal proceeded as a relatively bloodless transition between 1808 and 1822. The idea of Brazilian independence first arose in the late eighteenth century as a Brazilian reaction to the Portuguese policy of tightening political and economic control over the colony in the interests of the mother country. The first significant conspiracy against Portuguese rule was organized from 1788-1799 in the province of Minas Gerais, where rigid governmental control over the production and prices of gold and diamonds, as well as heavy taxes, caused much discontent. But this conspiracy never went beyond the stage of discussion and was easily discovered and crushed. Other conspiracies in the late eighteenth century as well as a brief revolt in 1817 reflected the influence of republican ideas over sections of the elite and even the lower strata of urban society. All proved abortive or were soon crushed. Were it not for an accident of European history, the independence of Brazil might have been long delayed.

The French invasion of Portugal in 1807 followed by the flight of the Portuguese court (sovereign and government officers) to Rio de Janeiro brought large benefits to Brazil. Indeed, the transfer of the court in effect signified achievement of Brazilian independence. The Portuguese prince and future King Joao VI opened Brazil's ports to the trade of friendly nations, permitted the rise of local industries, and founded the Bank of Brazil. In 1815 he elevated Brazil to the legal status of a kingdom coequal with Portugal. ln one sense, however, Brazil's new status signified the substitution of one dependence for another. Freed from Portuguese control, Brazil came under the economic dominance of England, which obtained major tariff concessions and other privileges by the Strangford Treaty of 1810 between Portugal and Great Britain. The treaty provided for the importation of British manufactures into Brazil and the export of Brazilian agricultural produce to Great Britain. One result was an influx of cheap machine-made goods that swamped the handicrafts industry of the country.

Brazilian elites took satisfaction in Brazil's new role and the growth of educational, cultural, and economic opportunities for their class. But the feeling was mixed with resentment toward the thousands of Portuguese courtiers (officials) and hangers-on who came with the court and who competed with Brazilians for jobs and favors. Thus, the change in the status of Brazil sharpened the conflict between Portuguese elites born in Brazil and elites born in Portugal and loyal to the Portuguese crown.

The event that precipitated the break with the mother country was the revolution of 1820 in Portugal. The Portuguese revolutionaries framed a liberal constitution for the kingdom, but they were conservative or reactionary in relation to Brazil. They demanded the immediate return of King Joao to Lisbon, an end to the system of dual monarchy that he had devised, and the restoration of the Portuguese commercial monopoly. Timid and vacillating, King Joao did not know which way to turn. Under the pressure of his courtiers, who hungered to return to Portugal and their lost estates, he finally approved the new constitution and sailed for Portugal. He left behind him, however, his son and heir, Pedro, and in a private letter advised him that in the event the Brazilians should demand independence, he should assume leadership of the movement and set the crown of Brazil on his head.

Soon it became clear that the Portuguese parliament intended to set the clock back by abrogating all the liberties and concessions won by Brazil since 1808. One of its decrees insisted on the immediate return of Pedro from Brazil. The pace of events moved more rapidly in 1822. On January 9, urged on by Brazilian advisers who perceived a golden opportunity to make an orderly transition to independence without the intervention of the masses, Pedro refused an order from the parliament to return to Portugal, saying famously, "l remain." On September 7, regarded by all Brazilians as Independence Day, he issued the even more celebrated proclamation, "Independence or death!" In December 1822, having overcome slight resistance by Portuguese troops, Dom Pedro was formally proclaimed constitutional Emperor of Brazil.

本篇題目分析就到這里，如果同學(xué)們對于本篇文章還有任何的疑問，如果同學(xué)們對于我們的感興趣，新通教育老師有著豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗，相信一定能滿足大家的訴求。

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