雅思語法之非謂語動(dòng)詞

今天到了小新的開課時(shí)間，下面為大家詳細(xì)講解語法中的非謂語動(dòng)詞，請(qǐng)注意聽講！

非謂語動(dòng)詞的使用

1. 動(dòng)詞不定式：to do

(1)作主語

l) To know something about English is onething, to know English is quiteanother.

2) To solve a dispute means to turnopposing positions into a single outcome.

注：也可以用形式主語It 代替

It is one thing to know something about English andquite another to know English.

常用的模式：

for sb to do sth.(adj.對(duì)事用for)

It is+ adj. +

of sb to do sth.(adj.對(duì)人用of)

l ) It is necessary for us to realize the importance of ourenvironment.

2) It is very considerate of you to give me a lift.

這類常見的形容詞有: silly, stupid, wise, clever,considerate, thoughtful, kind, nice, polite, impolite, rude, honest, etc.

注意： 在It is adj + ofsb to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)中，由于形容詞是形容邏輯主語sb的，所以我們可以把它同義改為sb. is+to do sth; 而在 it is adj. + for sb to do sth 的結(jié)構(gòu)中，由于形容詞不是修飾sb而是修飾不定式to do，所以它不能改為 sb. is+ adj +to do sth。例如:.

l ) We arevery necessary to realize the importance of our environment.(wrong)

2) Youare very considerate to drive me home. (correct)

(2)作表語

1) Ourgoal is to create high quality routes for cyclists and walkers.

2) The bestway to solve the air pollution generated/made/produced on both the streets andhighways is to encourage public transportation.

(3)作定語

1) My best friend Jacky is a very interesting girl who always has alot of funny stories to tell.

2) We should save water for the generations to come.

3) Thisprocess resulted in performance measures that greatly enhanced SAH's ability to improve productivity and quality.

4) Childrenbrought up in a big family can have more opportunities to acquire knowledge and other useful experiences from differentmembers of the family.

(4)作狀語

1) Man makesconstant discoveries about the secrets of the universe only to find out how little we still know about it.

2) I am very glad to hearfrom you so soon.

此外, so as to, in order to, too…to…,enough…to…, so…as to…等一些常用的句型中的不定式都是用來作狀語的。

1) Opposingpositions must be turned into a single outcome so as to/in order to solve a dispute.

2) Sometimes words may be toolimited to express our ideas clearlyand adequately.

3) Inour period of “knowledge explosion”, a man’s rang of knowledge will never be wideenough to cover every field ofresearch and study.

4) Would you be so kind as to send me a copy of the prospectusof 2003 academic year.

(5) 不定式的各種形式

1)一般式：to do

① I am very glad to hearfrom you.

② They were invited to visitthe U.K. next year.

③ The local authorities are planning to install noise barriers near railways.

④ This island is being built never to be sunk.

2)否定式：not to do

① Auto use in cities should be further limited in order not to make the problem of airpollution more serious.

② We had better not spend too much on computers.

3)完成時(shí): to havedone

① I am sorry to have givenyou so much trouble.

② Advertisements seem to haveinfluenced the daily life of everyone.

③ The Internet is believed tohave reshaped our life.

4)進(jìn)行時(shí): to bedoing

① According to some scientists, we do not need to be worrying about the possibility of using up our energy.

② The research group is supposed tobe working on another solution to the problem of noise near airports.

5)被動(dòng)式: to bedone/ to have been done

① These factors ought to betaken into consideration.

② Pandas are said to have beenrestricted to several small andseparate areas by deforestation.

2.過去分詞

(1)作表語

① Our city is becomingincreasingly crowded due to theexpanding population and the sharp rise in the number of private cars.

由于不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口和私家車數(shù)量的劇增，我們的城市變得愈來愈擁擠。

② Our natural energy will soon beexhausted if we pay no attention to the conservation of it.

如果不重視自然資源的保護(hù)，它將很快被耗盡。

③ Many career women are worn outafter a day's toil.

經(jīng)過一天辛苦的工作，許多職業(yè)婦女感到筋疲力盡。

④ Some strict teachers arefrustrated at the low scores given by some disrespectful students inrevenge.

有些無禮的學(xué)生為了報(bào)復(fù)老師，給老師打低分，一些嚴(yán)格的老師因此而倍感挫折。

(2)作定語(一個(gè)或幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的過去分詞和漢語一樣可以放在被修飾詞的前面作定語，但過去分詞詞組則要放在被修飾詞的后面作定語)

① I request you to replace the brokenwalkman with a new one.

我要求你給我把這部壞的隨身聽換掉。

② Many retired people canstill contribute a1ot to the society with their rich experience.

許多退休老人還能用他們豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)為社會(huì)作貢獻(xiàn)。

③ We shall bring into full play the talents of the returned students.

我們應(yīng)該充分發(fā)揮歸國(guó)留學(xué)生的才干。

④ Many pedestrians are penalized according to the newly issued regulations.

依據(jù)新頒布的規(guī)定，許多行人被處罰。

⑤ The PC games designed byJames are really terrific.

詹姆士設(shè)計(jì)的PC游戲真是太棒了。

⑥ I am now writing to draw the attention of the deparment concerned to the deteriorating waterquality of the Pear River.

我現(xiàn)寫信希望引起有關(guān)部門對(duì)日益惡化的珠江水質(zhì)的重視。

(3)作狀語

1)If asked to make a choice, I would not hesitate to side with the latter view for

several strong reasons.

如果要我選擇的話，我將基于以下幾點(diǎn)理由毫不猶豫地選擇后者的觀點(diǎn)。

2)Left alone at home，the old people are more likely to get into trouble。

如果單獨(dú)在家，老人容易遇到麻煩。

3)Written in a haste，the book has many faults.

寫得很匆忙，這本書有許多錯(cuò)誤。

4)Kept inZoos，some rare animals can enjoy better living conditions and professionalcare.

飼養(yǎng)在動(dòng)物園，稀有動(dòng)物可以享受到更好的居住環(huán)境和專業(yè)的照料。

5)Sent to study overseas，some students are reposed to fail to adapt to the local life and

even commit suicide.

據(jù)報(bào)道，有些學(xué)生送出國(guó)外去學(xué)習(xí)之后，不能適應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐纳�活甚至自殺�?/p>

6)Deeply influenced by theexcessive violence and pornography on the Internet，some teenagers err from the right path.

由于受網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的過度色情與暴力深深影響，有些青少年誤人歧途。

(4)作補(bǔ)語

1)We often find ourselves caughtin a dilemma whether we should send our children to a boarding or a day school.

我們經(jīng)常進(jìn)退兩難：·是送我們的孩子去寄宿學(xué)校還是走讀學(xué)校?

2)We found He Guohuang greatly changed.

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)何國(guó)煌改變了許多。

3)Television not only presents a vivid world to us，but also keeps us informedof the latest development of all fields.

電視不僅給我們呈現(xiàn)了逼真的世界，同時(shí)使我們了解各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的最新發(fā)展。

4)We should have the waste properly disposed of.我們要妥善處理垃圾。 

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