獨立寫作中二選一題目讓步段的正確寫法

 
　　在托福獨立寫作中 “二選一”是最常見的題型，“一邊倒”也是我們在審題后首選的文章結(jié)構(gòu)，主要是基于它所帶來的內(nèi)容的詳實性和支持的力度性。 然而對于大部分考生就某些題目的思路而言很難完成“一邊倒”的解構(gòu)，那么這時就會引入一個讓步段來完成內(nèi)容的充分性，我們先來看一道真題：
　　Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
　　It is better to watch serious movies to get deeper thoughts than to watch movies that amuse or entertain you. Compare both advantages and use specific examples and details to support your answer.
　　拿到這個題目，審題思路的理想版本是“一邊倒”，然而絞盡腦汁思考之后現(xiàn)實的思路模板卻是：

serious movies 優(yōu)點

1. provide people with an opportunity to extend their horizon and absorb a vast amount of knowledge.

2. to enrich people’s inner world.

entertaining movies 優(yōu)點

1. make the audience laugh help us to forget our troubles, release our pressure  and feel relaxed and happy 

這種情況下我們只能采取加入一個讓步段的文章結(jié)構(gòu)形式，但是在具體操作時學(xué)生往往會寫出這樣的讓步段：

At first, watching entertaining movies has many advantages. It means funny or even absurd, movies such as comedies that are intended to make the audience laugh help us to forget our troubles, release our pressure and feel relaxed and happy for a long time. For example, American pies, which has all the ingredients of a good movie. The film has one liners, sight gags, and situations that very funny. The audience, which ranged from teenagers to middle age, laughed almost constantly and out loud. So watching entertaining movies does have many advantages. But I support the idea that watching serious movies is better .

通過上面學(xué)生的寫作實例，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)其中讓步段不支持方優(yōu)點寫的過多過好，從而消弱了自身立場的優(yōu)點。這是讓步段書寫中的典型問題。那么如何修改才能寫出恰當?shù)淖尣蕉文?我們先看一下讓步段的一些基本要求：

1. 讓步段作用
　　——體現(xiàn)作者考慮問題全面
　　2. 可作為讓步的成分
　　——對方優(yōu)點 / 我方缺點
　　3. 讓步段位置
　　——第二段或第四段(推薦第四段)
　　4. 讓步段框架
　　——讓步，轉(zhuǎn)折，反駁(絕對詞類不寫)
　　5. 讓步主題句，對讓步內(nèi)容進行簡要展開，轉(zhuǎn)折句，反駁(絕對詞類不寫)
　　6. 讓步段主題句寫法：四種方法可以削弱讓步內(nèi)容：
　　從語氣上削弱：Admittedly/ Undoubtedly/It is conceded that/It is true that/Indeed
　　從可能性上削弱 ：may/might/possibly/probably
　　從數(shù)量大小上削弱：one/one or two/ a couple of/minor
　　從程度上削弱：to some extent/to some degree
　　通過上述內(nèi)容，我們可以總結(jié)“三步走戰(zhàn)略”完成讓步段：
　　1. 讓步的邏輯連接引出讓步
　　2. 不支持方優(yōu)點簡述(≤ 2句話)
　　3. 轉(zhuǎn)折(有利于我方立場和觀點)

　　因此上述學(xué)生的寫作實例按照上述 “三步走戰(zhàn)略”修改如下：

Indeed, funny or even absurd, movies such as comedies that are intended to make the audience laugh help us to forget our troubles, release our pressure and feel relaxed and happy for a while. However, we have to admit that after a temporary laugh, nothing meaningful or educational is left. On the contrary, serious movies that broaden our view, grant us hopes and make us examine the things we do,the value we revere and the way we behave and treat people around us are cherished as treasures and can go through the test of the time.

最后，再給大家一道真題演練一下讓步段的靈活應(yīng)用：

例：Do you agree or disagree with the statement?

Parents should help their children make decisions.

Disagree!

Admittedly, some people claim that it is beneficial for the kids if their parents make decisions for them. Due to their rich life experience and mature thoughts, adults are able to make more objective and correct judgment than the innocent children. However, for the children themselves, this is not an act of trustworthiness. They might think that their parents doubt about their abilities and talents, which may lead to conflict between children and their parents，affecting the communication at the same time. Thus, I believe parents should allow children to make decisions on their own.