托福TPO41聽力Lecture真題解析

TPO，即toefl Practice Online的首寫字母，就是托福在線練習(xí)的意思，TPO可以為考生提供全真的模擬考試環(huán)境和過往真題，而TPO題庫也是有著不斷的更新。在托福聽力備考中，想要快速提升自己的托福聽力能力，選擇好適合的練習(xí)材料是個非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。而對于很多備考托福的學(xué)生來說，TPO往往就是一個首先的備考材料。今天，小編就為大家?guī)�來托福TPO41聽力Lecture真題解析。

托福TPO41聽力Lecture1  【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about?
a. The growth rates of plants in different geographical regions
b. Different ways that plants have adapted to desert environments
c. The different mechanisms that plant roots use to absorb water
d. Different kinds of succulent plants
答案： B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly about

解析：(從第23秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：So, with desert plants, there are basically three different adaptive strategies.)
根據(jù)原文可知lecture主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于沙漠植物適應(yīng)環(huán)境的方法策略，所以B選項正確。

2. What are two features of succulent plants that help them survive in deserts?
Click on 2 answers.
a. Succulent plants store water in their leaves and stems.
b. Succulent plants become dormant until the next rainfall.
c. Succulent plants have short stems.
d. Succulent plants have few leaves.
答案： A, D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯： features, succulent plants

解析：(從第1分25秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Succulent plants can store water in their leaves, in their stems, or in their roots.
從第1分50秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：And that means that most succulent plants have few, if any, leaves.)
根據(jù)原文可知多肉植物可以在根莖葉中儲存水分，所以A選項正確。多肉植物的葉子也非常稀少，所以D選項正確。

3. Why does the professor mention bears?
a.To remind students of information from a previous lecture
b.To point out a feature common to all desert plants
c.To reinforce a point about drought-tolerant plants
d.To help students understand the concept of adaptation
答案： C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：bears

解析：(從第1分56秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Now, besides succulent plants, there're also drought-tolerant plants. Drought-tolerant plants are like bears in a way. You know how bears mostly sleep through the winter. They can survive without eating because their metabolism slows down. Well, drought-tolerant plants also go into a dormant state when resources, in their case, water, run short. A drought-tolerant plant can actually dry out without dying.)
根據(jù)原文可知教授提及熊的原因是，抗旱性植物和熊很相似，當(dāng)缺乏水資源時，抗旱性植物也不會死掉，只會變干，所以C選項正確。

4. What is one ability that drought-tolerant plants have that succulent plants do not have?
a. a. The ability to absorb water from dry soil
b. The ability to absorb water through their leaves
c. The ability to prevent moisture from being lost through their leaves
d. The ability to shed leaves
答案： A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：ability

解析：(從第2分45秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Drought tolerant plants can even absorb water from relatively dry soil because of their deep roots in contrast to succulent plants.)
根據(jù)原文可知抗旱性植物和多肉植物的區(qū)別就是，抗旱性植物可以從相對干燥的土地中吸收水分，所以A選項正確。

5. Why can annual plants grow in a desert even after a year of no rainfall?
a. Annual plants have an extensive root system that can absorb water from far away.
b. Annual plants produce seeds all year long.
c. Seeds of annual plants can store water for a long time.
d. Seeds of annual plants can survive in the ground for a long time without water.
答案： D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：no rainfall

解析：(從第3分29秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：But they have a mechanism to prevent one year of low rainfall from wiping them out.)
根據(jù)原文可知annual plants有自己的機制可以使其在非常干旱的環(huán)境里生存，所以D選項正確。

6. Why does the professor say this :
a. To correct a previous statement
b. To acknowledge a potentially surprising fact
c. To anticipate the types of questions that students might have about the topic
d. To make sure that students are paying attention
答案： B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：There ARE plants that do this.

解析：(從第2分59秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Yes! There ARE plants that do this.)
教授笑著說，是的，真的有植物這樣做。也就是在承認(rèn)這個讓人難以置信的事實，所以B選項正確。

托福TPO41聽力Lecture2  【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about?
a. The growth and influence of historical institutions in the early United States
b. Facts and myths about Christopher Columbus
c. New information about events that occurred during Columbus’ explorations
d. How Columbus' story was used to help create a national identity for the United States
答案： D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly about

解析：(從第1秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：It's interesting how much we can learn about culture in the United States by looking at how Christopher Columbus has been portrayed throughout United States' history.)
教授在Lecture的開篇就說，我們能從哥倫布的故事中學(xué)到很多美國的歷史和文化，所以D選項正確。

2. According to the professor, why did John Pintard promote the commemoration of the three hundredth anniversary of Columbus' landing?
a. To encourage patriotism
b. To demonstrate his own wealth and influence
c. To lessen the influence held by the leaders of the American revolution
d. To correct what he claimed were mistaken beliefs about Columbus
答案： A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：promote the commemoration

解析：(從第1分06秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Well, to Pintard it was a way to build patriotism in the young, politically fractured country.)
從教授的回答可知，Pintard推行這個紀(jì)念會的目的是為了樹立起人們的愛國精神，所以A選項正確。

3. What were two contributing factors to the selection of Columbus as a United States national hero?
Click on 2 answers.
a. His writings were popular at the time
b. He had no connection to the rulers of Britain.
c. The leaders of the revolution did not want to be considered heroes.
d. Few people were more famous in the early years of the United States.
答案： B, C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：national hero

解析：(從第1分38秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：And Columbus, he felt Columbus could become a story that Americans could tell each other about their national origins that was outside of the British colonial context.
從第2分03秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：The leaders of the revolution were the natural candidates to be heroes, but many were still alive and didn't want the job.)
根據(jù)原文可知，推舉哥倫布作為美國民族英雄的主要原因有兩個，一個是哥倫布與英國殖民環(huán)境無關(guān)，所以B選項正確。另一個是其他的革命領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者并不想被推舉成為民族英雄，所以C選項正確。

4. What does the professor imply about the facts of Columbus’ life?
a. They were not relevant for Pintard's purposes.
b. They are an important part of early United States history.
c. They are not presented accurately in Columbus' own writings.
d. They were researched thoroughly before his selection as a national hero
答案： A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：imply, Columbus’ life

解析：(從第2分58秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：True. To be historically accurate, the way Pintard thought about Columbus doesn't match up with the facts of his life at all.)
從教授的回答可知，Pintard對哥倫布的態(tài)度和看法與哥倫布的生活并無關(guān)聯(lián)。所以A選項正確。

5. What is the professor’s attitude toward studying what she calls the "mythical Columbus"?
a. It is a good way to discover facts about Columbus’ explorations.
b. It is a way to learn about the society that created the myth.
c. It is likely to cause confusion among those who want to learn United States history.
d. It is not as interesting as doing research into the writings of Columbus.
答案： B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：attitude, mythical Columbus

解析：(從第3分54秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Exactly. And this mythical Columbus, it became a reflection of the society which chose him.)
從教授的回答可知，神話般的哥倫布也變成了選擇他的這個社會的縮影。所以B選項正確。

6. Why does the student say this:
a. To question the accuracy of the professor’s statement
b. To ask for examples of mistaken beliefs about Columbus
c. To propose an alternative explanation
d. To find out if he understood the professor's point
答案： D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：Since no one knew much about the real Columbus, it was easy to invent a mythical one?

解析：(從第3分33秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：And since not a lot of facts were known about Columbus, because writings weren't available in North America until...until 1816. That might have actually helped the process of adapting him to American purposes.
從第3分49秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Since no one knew much about the real Columbus, it was easy to invent a mythical one?)
教授說并沒人知道很多關(guān)于哥倫布的事情，因為關(guān)于他的故事直到1816才在美國出現(xiàn)。
學(xué)生問：由于并沒有人了解真正的哥倫布，所以我們就很容易自己虛構(gòu)出一個神話般的人物了是嗎?所以學(xué)生是為了與教授再次確認(rèn)他懂教授所說的這個點。所以D選項正確。

托福TPO41聽力Lecture3  【在線咨詢】

1. What does the professor mainly discuss?
a. The process art historians use to determine who created Renaissance artworks
b. Whether collaborative artworks are superior to those produced individually
c. The way that art was created during the Renaissance
d. The development of artistic individuality during the Renaissance
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly discuss

解析：(從第11秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：But this task becomes particularly difficult when we're dealing with works produced in Italy during the Renaissance, the 16th, 17th centuries.)
根據(jù)原文可知lecture的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于在16,17世紀(jì)文藝復(fù)興時期所創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品的方式，所以C選項正確。

2. According to the professor, what factors may have led to a Renaissance artist's decision to hire assistants?
Click on 2 answers.
a. The number of commissions an artist accepted
b. The scale of the project to be completed
c. The amount of money to be paid for the project
d. The amount of advice needed from other artists
答案：A, B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：hire assistants

解析：(從第1分29秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：You see, to deal with a wide variety of commissions they received, orders basically, for specific types of art, specific projects, to handle these, master artists often employed assistants as apprentices. And this was especially so if they worked on a large scale, huge paintings or sculptures, or if they were much in demand, like Raphael, for instance.)
根據(jù)原文可知，導(dǎo)致藝術(shù)家是否決定雇傭一個助手的主要因素有兩個，一個是任務(wù)量的多少，對應(yīng)A選項;一個是藝術(shù)作品的規(guī)模，對應(yīng)B選項。

3. Why does the professor mention someone who painted animals in Raphael’s workshop?
a. As an example of how artists learned by painting real-life models
b. As an example of paintings that were copied from sculptures
c. As an example of how assistants specialized in different types of painting
d. As an example of how an assistant introduced an artistic innovation
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：painted animals

解析：(從第2分12秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：And they might also specialize. For example, in Raphael's workshop, which might be called Raphael incorporated, one of the assistants specialized in animals. He actually painted a good number of the animals in Raphael's art.)
根據(jù)原文可知，教授提及在Raphael工作室里畫動物的助手，是為了想表達這些助手們都有自己擅長的領(lǐng)域及畫風(fēng)，所以C選項正確。

4. According to the professor, how is a building project like a ballet?
a. Strong leadership is necessary to coordinate the work.
b. Everyone needs to be aware of what the others are doing.
c. Everyone needs to be doing the same thing at the same time.
d. The result depends on the level of skill of each person involved.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：ballet

解析：(從第3分09秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Think of it, like, um, a ballet, you know. All the dancers work together. There's a division of labor. People have different roles. And in order for the thing to come together, everyone needs to be aware of what others are doing and coordinate their work and have good timing.)
根據(jù)原文可知，芭蕾就需要大家一起合作，每個人都需要知道別人在做什么，才能把握好時間，所以B選項正確。

5. Why does the professor mention that in architecture, instructions were usually given orally?
Click on 2 answers.
a. To emphasize that architectural designs were constantly changing
b. To demonstrate the extent of the collaboration between master architects and their assistants
c. To explain why there is little documentation for many projects
d. To stress the difficulty in determining any given artisan’s contributions to a project
答案：C, D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：given orally

解析：(從第3分48秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Instructions were given orally, not in writing. So we don't have those documents to tell us what exactly the master architect's plans were. The only time we have written records is when the architect wasn't actually there. Perhaps the architect was away on business and had to write out instructions and send them to the shop.)
根據(jù)原文可知，指令都以口頭形式下達，解釋了為什么我們沒有那些著名建筑物規(guī)劃師計劃的文件，對應(yīng)C選項;并且，他們也沒有什么時間來寫記錄，記錄下每個工匠所做的工作，對應(yīng)D選項。

6. What does the professor imply about the process of producing architecture collaboratively?
a. It was a result of patrons’ believing in an architect's individual genius.
b. It resulted in extra expense for the patrons.
c. It was simpler than producing sculpture collaboratively.
d. It often resulted in less innovation than the architect intended.
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：imply, producing architecture collaboratively

解析：(從第4分15秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：I mean, since the hired artisans had been trained by other artisans, they tended to be trained to use traditional styles and techniques. So if you're a master architect, uh, you've developed your own style. Say you're calling for certain detail in the building you're designing, right? And say this detail is different, purposely different, from the established tradition, the established style.
Well, most likely when the hired artisans would execute the design, rather than follow the intended design, they would stick with the more traditional style that they were familiar with. Workers would have to be supervised very closely to prevent this from happening. Otherwise, as it often happened, there goes the designer's style and creativity.)
根據(jù)原文可知，由于雇傭的工匠都是由其他工匠培訓(xùn)成的，所以他們的風(fēng)格會比較傳統(tǒng)缺乏創(chuàng)新，所以D選項正確。

托福TPO41聽力Lecture4  【在線咨詢】

1. What do the speakers mainly discuss?
a. Whether life could exist outside a star’s habitable zone
b. Techniques used by researchers to detect exoplanets
c. Exoplanets that share certain characteristics with Earth
d. Characteristics of several recently discovered red dwarf stars
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：mainly discuss

解析：(從第1分37秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：OK, good. An Earth-like planet.
Now, as to that, there are some recently detected exoplanets that might actually be Earth-like.)
根據(jù)原文可知，外星行星和地球是有很多相似的特征的，所以C選項正確。

2. What does the professor say about the host star Gliese 581?
Click on 2 answers.
a. It is larger than the Sun.
b. It is cooler than the Sun.
c. It is a relatively young star.
d. It is relatively close to Earth.
答案：B, D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：Gliese 581

解析：(從第2分鐘開始，原文重現(xiàn)：This host star is considered a near neighbor of our solar system because it's only about 20 light years away. It's pretty close by astronomical standards. And being a red dwarf star, it's small and relatively cool, at least compared with the Sun.)
根據(jù)原文可知，Gliese 581距離太陽系只有20光年遠，所以相對較近，對應(yīng)D選項;并且溫度相比于太陽較低，對應(yīng)B選項。

3.What does the professor suggest about life on other planets?
a. It most likely does not exist.
b. It probably will not be discovered in the near future.
c. It probably would not be similar to life on Earth.
d. It could possibly be found even on gas giants.
答案：B
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：life on other planets

解析：(從第1分01秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：First, as for discovering life. Well, I think that sort of discovery is pretty far in the future, but it is an eventual goal.)
根據(jù)原文可知，教授認(rèn)為近期并不會發(fā)現(xiàn)生命體，所以B選項正確。

4. What did researchers discover about the planet Gliese 581 d when they reexamined it?
a. It is made entirely of rocks.
b. It is not able to support an ocean.
c. It is smaller than previously thought.
d. It is closer to its host star than previousty thought.
答案：D
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：Gliese 581 d, reexamined

解析：(從第2分54秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：And when its orbit was originally calculated it was thought to be too far away from its host star to be warm enough to support a liquid ocean, let alone carbon-based life. But then its orbit was recalculated and now we see that Gliese 581 d is within its host's habitable zone.)
根據(jù)原文可知，最初計算時，Gliese 581 d的軌道被認(rèn)為距離其主恒星太遠了，但是后來再次計算其軌道時，發(fā)現(xiàn)Gliese 581 d已經(jīng)在其主恒星的宜居帶中了，所以它比之前想象的距其主恒星的距離要近，所以D選項正確。

5. Why is the planet Gliese 581 e unlikely to support carbon-based life?
a. It is too hot.
b. It is too small.
c. It is covered in ice.
d. It is made entirely of gas.
答案：A
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：Gliese 581 e, unlikely

解析：(從第4分04秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：meaning it's very close to the star, and therefore too hot for water, for an ocean)
根據(jù)原文可知，Gliese 581 e距離其主恒星太近了，所以溫度很高，所以A選項正確。

6. What does the professor find most exciting about the discovery of the planet Gliese 581 e?
a. It showed that some exoplanets have an atmosphere like Earth’s.
b. It helped researchers better understand exoplanets’ orbits.
c. It showed that the technology exists to detect small exoplanets.
d. It proved that some stars’ habitable zones are larger than once thought.
答案：C
破題關(guān)鍵詞匯：most exciting, Gliese 581 e

解析：(從第4分09秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：However, the fact that it's relatively close to the size of Earth, small, in astronomical terms, that was pretty exciting. It's impressive that we have the technology to detect it and it bodes well for future research.)
根據(jù)原文可知，非常impressive的是現(xiàn)有的科技已經(jīng)能探測到如此小的行星如Gliese 581 e，所以C選項正確。 

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