托福TPO43聽力Lecture真題解析

TPO，即toefl Practice Online的首寫字母，就是托福在線練習的意思，TPO可以為考生提供全真的模擬考試環(huán)境和過往真題，而TPO題庫也是有著不斷的更新。在托福聽力備考中，想要快速提升自己的托福聽力能力，選擇好適合的練習材料是個非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。而對于很多備考托福的學生來說，TPO往往就是一個首先的備考材料。今天，小編就為大家?guī)�來托福TPO43聽力Lecture真題解析。

托福TPO43聽力Lecture1  【在線咨詢】

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture? 【主旨目的題】
A To explain how the red pigment in leaves breaks down
B To show that leaf color varies based on the tree species
C To introduce a theory about why leaves turn a particular color
D To explain how chlorophyll protects trees in autumn
答案：C

解析：(從14秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：So this will be a great time to talk about how and why some of these leaves turn one color in particular and that's bright red.)
此處用So引出本講座將要展開討論的話題，為什么某些樹葉會變成紅色。對應選項C。

2.What does the professor imply when she explains why leaves are green? 【推斷題】
A She wants to correct a common misconception about the topic.
B She thinks the students are probably already familiar with the material.
C She believes the process is too complicated to discuss in depth.
D She knows that students are often confused about the functions of chlorophyll
答案：B
破題關鍵詞匯： leaves are green

解析：(從23秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Well, before we discuss why leaves turn red, first, let's, um, look, I know this is very old material, but just to play it safe, let's first go over why leaves are usually green. It's chlorophyll, right?)
此處教授提到I know this is very old material，It's chlorophyll, right?可以推斷出這是學生已經(jīng)知道的內容，也就是葉綠素造成樹葉呈現(xiàn)綠色。對應選項B。

3. What does the professor mean when she says that the classic theory is partially right? 【目的題】
A It describes what happens in the summer but not what happens in autumn
B It describes what happens in tree leaves but not what happens in leaves of other plants
C It explains how pigments are synthesized but not how they break down.
D It explains some cases of color change in tree leaves but not all cases.
答案：D
破題關鍵詞匯： partially right

解析：(從1:39秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：OK, so that's the classic explanation and it's partially right. Why do I say partially? Well, it's probably true for pigments like yellow or orange, but it doesn't seem to hold for the red pigment.)
此處提到傳統(tǒng)解釋只是部分正確的，接著接受進行了解釋，這種說法可以適用黃色或角色但紅色不行。說明不適合所有情況，對應選項D。

4. Why does the professor mention painting a car? 【目的題】
A To question why a large amount of anthocyanin is produced just before leaves fall
B To explain why most leaves turn red instead of other colors
C To remind students how cooler temperatures affect the color of leaves
D To show how anthocyanin absorbs sunlight to produce food for trees
答案：A
破題關鍵詞匯： painting a car

解析：(從2:50秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：It'd be likes spending money to...I don't know...to have your old car repainted when you know the car's not going to last more than a couple of months. All this extra anthocyanin in the autumn seems like a waste.)
此處用例子來說明樹葉中的花青素看起來很浪費，上文提到在葉片快要凋零時樹木生成了大量花青素，對應選項A。

5. The professor mentions theories about why leaves turn red that involve predatory insects and fungi. What is her opinion about those theories? 【態(tài)度題】
A They are based on careful research.
B They do not completely explain the phenomenon.
C They have not received enough attention.
D They have been proved to be incorrect.
答案：B
破題關鍵詞匯： predatory insects and fungi

解析：(從3:20秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：One of them involves predatory insects; another involves fungi. You know, the more I read about these theories and the related research, it always created more questions for me than answers. So I was really glad to learn about a totally different theory, a new one. It seems to come with research and data that give a full explanation. So here it is.)
此處沒有直接回答捕食性昆蟲或真菌類與樹木生成的花青素之間的關系，對應選項B。

6. According to the professor, why does anthocyanin appear on the upper side of some leaves? 【細節(jié)題】
A To help chlorophyll absorb the sunlight
B To maximize the leafs utilization of sunlight
C To accelerate the breakdown of chlorophyll
D To protect an important process from the sunlight
答案：D
破題關鍵詞匯： upper side

解析：(從4:34秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：The theory is that anthocyanin protects the reabsorption process from the sunlight. For example, if you look closely at a red leaf on a tree, you'll notice that most of the red pigment is on the upper side of the leaf, the side facing the sun. This new theory suggests that what the anthocyanin is doing there on top is shielding the rest of the leaf from the sunlight, and more importantly, allowing those important chemicals to be reabsorbed by the tree.)
此處開頭就提到protects the reabsorption process，接著用例子來進行解釋，紅色色素大部分都在樹葉的上側，面對太陽，對應選項D.

托福TPO43聽力Lecture2  【在線咨詢】

1. What is the main purpose of the lecture? 【主旨目的題】
A To explain a mechanism behind the ability to approximate numbers
B To explore the connection between ability in symbolic mathematics and the ability to approximate numbers
C To show the importance of new research into the ability to solve complex mathematical problems
D To demonstrate that children, adults, and animals have a similar ability to approximate numbers
答案：B

解析：(從1:59秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Well, it might be interesting to ask the question: Are these two abilities linked somehow? Are people who are good at approximating numbers also proficient in formal mathematics?)
此處在文中是教授的自問自答部分，很明顯的提出主要研究的話題重點是兩者之間的聯(lián)系，對應選項B。

2. Why does the professor mention six-month-old infants? 【目的題】
A To emphasize that ANS is largely innate
B To refute the claim that symbolic mathematics is learned
C To point out the difficulty of testing mathematics ability in very young children
D To contrast the way infants learn with how older children learn
答案：A
破題關鍵詞匯： six-month-old infants

解析：(從22秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：ANS is a very basic, innate ability. It's what enables you to decide at a glance whether there're more apples than oranges on a shelf. And studies have shown that even six-month-old infants are able to use this sense to some extent. And if you think about it, you'll realize that it's an ability that some animals have as well.)
此處提到ANS是天生的能力，如六個月大的嬰兒可在某種程度上運用這種感覺。對應選項A。

3. Why does the professor stress that the dots in the experiment flashed on the computer screen for only a fraction of a second?【目的題】
A To emphasize that humans’ ANS ability is more developed than that of animals
B To point out that it was not possible to complete the task using formal mathematics
C To show a contrast between the dot experiment and the color-naming experiment
D To explain, in part, how subjects were chosen for the experiment
答案：B
破題關鍵詞匯： a fraction of a second

解析：(從2:29秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Now, these slides had varying numbers of yellow and blue dots on them. One slide might have more blue dots than yellow dots, let's say...six yellow dots and nine blue dots. The next slide might have more yellow dots than blue dots. The slide would flash just for a fraction of a second. So you know, there was no time to count the dots.)
此處提到零點幾秒內這些不同顏色的點就會閃現(xiàn)，教授用So you know引出結論，即沒有時間去數(shù)這些點，對應選項B。

4. What did researchers observe in the study of fourteen-year-old children? 【細節(jié)題】
A The children with strong ANS skills also scored well on color-naming tests
B The children were more likely to make mistakes when there were small numbers of blue and yellow dots
C The ANS skills of the children had improved over time.
D There were large differences in the ANS skills of the children tested.
答案：D
破題關鍵詞匯： fourteen-year-old children

解析：(從3:28秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Now, maybe you are asking whether some fourteen-year-olds are just faster, faster in general, not just in math. It turns out: that's not so. We know this because the fourteen-year-olds had previously been tested in a few different areas.)
此處教授提到14歲的孩子是不是不僅在數(shù)學方面反映更快，其他方面也很快，結論表明并不是這樣的。接著補充到14歲的孩子先前已經(jīng)在其他不同領域都進行了實驗�？梢耘懦鼳選項的scored well ;B 的more likely to make mistakes ;C 的improved over time。因此正確答案為D。

5. Why does the professor mention that the subjects of the experiment were also tested in reading and word knowledge? 【目的題】
A To show that ANS skills are not linked with abilities in those areas
B To emphasize the thoroughness of the researchers
C To point out that ANS and other skills are learned in a similar way
D To contrast learned skills with innate abilities
答案：A
破題關鍵詞匯： reading and word knowledge

解析：(從3:45秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：For example, as eight-year-olds, they had been given a test of rapid color naming. That's a test to see how fast they could identify different colors. But the result didn't show a relationship with the results of the ANS test. The ones who were great at rapidly naming colors when they were eight years old weren't necessarily good at the ANS test when they were fourteen. And there was no relationship between ANS ability and skills like reading and word knowledge.)
此處用8歲孩子來舉例，說明實驗結論識別不同顏色和ANS測試沒有太多關聯(lián)，識別顏色強的孩子不一定在他們14歲的時候也擅長ANS測試。最后又強調了結論是no relationship between，對應選項A。

6. What is the professor’s opinion of using instruction in ANS to improve children's performance in formal mathematics? 【態(tài)度題】
A It is likely that instruction in ANS would lead to improvement in areas other than formal mathematics.
B It would be important for the instruction in ANS to begin when children are very young.
C It is unclear whether instruction in ANS would improve performance in formal mathematics.
D it is more likely that instruction in formal mathematics would improve children’s ANS ability.
答案：C
破題關鍵詞匯： improve，formal mathematics

解析：(從4:45秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：I mean, if someone's born with good approximate number sense, um, does that cause them to be good at math? Or the other way around: If a person develops math ability, you know, and really studies formal mathematics, does ANS somehow improve?
Those are very good questions, and I don't think they were answered in these experiments.)
此處學生提問如果某人數(shù)學能力很強且學習過傳統(tǒng)的數(shù)學運算，他的ANS能力是否可以提高?教授的態(tài)度表明這個問題在實驗中沒有解答，即不確定是否能夠改善ANS能力，對應選項C。

托福TPO43聽力Lecture3  【在線咨詢】

1. What is the lecture mainly about? 【主旨題】
A Early influences that shaped the career of Theodor Seuss Geisel
B The use of Dr. Seuss books in modern elementary schools
C The literary and artistic approach of Theodor Seuss Geisel
D Two prominent authors of twentieth-century children’s literature
答案：C

解析：(從6秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Today we'll start looking at the most important children's book authors of the twentieth century. And I'd like to start with an author illustrator whom some of you probably grew up reading: Dr. Seuss.)
此處需結合選項，排除干擾選項來判斷。原文提到今天要介紹的是關于作者Dr. Seuss，他是二十世紀時兒童書籍的作者。A選項的shaped the career 錯誤;B的 use of Dr. Seuss books錯誤; D的Two prominent authors錯誤。因此正確答案為C，Theodor Seuss Geisel運用的文學與藝術手法。

2. According to the professor, why did teachers oppose using Dr. Seuss books in the classroom during the 1950s and 1960s? 【細節(jié)題】
A Teachers thought the books were boring
B Teachers associated the books with play rather than schoolwork
C Dr. Seuss books used vocabulary that was not on the Dolch list.
D Dr. Seuss books could not be used to teach subjects other than reading.
答案：B
破題關鍵詞匯：1950s and 1960s

解析：(從41秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：In the late 1950s and even through the 60s, US teachers resisted Seuss's books because they perceived them as having a comic book style...fine, maybe, but not...not appropriate for the classroom.)
此處提到在這段時期，美國教師拒絕選用Seuss的書籍來上課，他們覺得這些書是連環(huán)畫一類的娛樂書籍而不是教科書。對應選項B。

3. Why does the professor mention the citation awarded to Geisel by the Pulitzer Prize Committee? 【目的題】
A To emphasize how long it took for Geisel’s literary contributions to be appreciated
B To emphasize the difficulty of writing books that appeal to both children and adults
C To explain how authors of children’s literature were typically honored
D To explain why Geisel’s books finally became popular
答案：A
破題關鍵詞匯：Pulitzer Prize Committee

解析：(從1:05秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Although the Pulitzer Prize committee did give him a citation in 1984 for his...uh..."special contribution over nearly half a century to the education and enjoyment of America's children and their parents." But again, that wasn't until 1984.)
此處利用Although轉折引出Pulitzer委員會在1984年時的確給了Geisel嘉獎， 但是直到1894年他才收獲這個貢獻獎。突出時間非常久，對應選項A。

4. What does the professor say about Geisel's work as an illustrator?(Click on 2 answers) 【細節(jié)題】
A Geisel's approach to drawing scenery is more sophisticated than it first appears
B Geisel’s style was strongly influenced by earlier illustrators of children’s books.
C Geisel’s human characters all look very much alike.
D Geisel’s style is widely taught in art schools today.
答案：AC
破題關鍵詞匯：illustrator

解析：(從1:54秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Geisel also illustrated his own books and created a lot of highly memorable characters from a visual standpoint. Yet as far as his artistic talent, no one's ever called him a great artist or a great illustrator. For his human characters, he pretty much drew the same face over and over. ;從2:26秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：His landscapes, on the other hand, they are simple but they are also extremely clever. He had this uncanny knack for creating the illusion of great distance with some very simple shapes and lines.)
此處提到他描繪的人類角色都非常相似，對應選項C;接著補充到他的場景簡單但是運用極為巧妙，對應選項A。

5. What was the connection between Geisel and John Hersey? 【細節(jié)題】
A Their writing styles were remarkably similar.
B They collaborated on an article about teaching children to read
C Hersey’s article inspired Geisel to write a new kind of book.
D Hersey wrote a novel that was inspired by Geisel’s career.
答案：C
破題關鍵詞匯：John Hersey

解析：(從1秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Geisel actually wrote it in response to an article written in 1954 by an acclaimed novelist named John Hersey. …After seeing Hersey's article, Geisel must have wondered what
made the books so dull. And one thing he found was they use only
words from the Dolch List.)
此處提到Geisel對John Hersey寫的文章做出回應，Geisel在讀了John Hersey的文章后產(chǎn)生了想法，對應選項C。

6. What is the professor’s opinion of Geisel’s book The Cat in the Hat? 【態(tài)度題】
A It is effective because its characters are people and animals rather than imaginary creatures
B it would be a better teaching tool if it had more challenging vocabulary.
C It wrongly encourages children to break their parents’ rules.
D It cleverly presents moral issues in an entertaining way.
答案：D
破題關鍵詞匯：The Cat in the Hat

解析：(從4:33秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Brilliant! There aren't too many authors who can set up a moral dilemma like this and then get children to think about it for themselves.)
此處教授利用Brilliant引出他積極的態(tài)度，覺得作者的這種寫法很特別，幾乎沒有其他作者會用這種方式描寫道德問題。對應選項D。

托福TPO43聽力Lecture4  【在線咨詢】

1. What does the professor mainly discuss? 【主旨題】
A Methods of converting radio waves into sound waves
B Features of different types of electromagnetic radiation
C The various paths that very-low-frequency waves follow on Earth
D The emission and detection of very-low-frequency waves
答案：A

解析：(從24秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Are you going to talk at all about the difference between radio waves and sound waves?
Uh, Ok. That might be a good place to start actually.)
此處需要結合全文判斷，并且利用排除法排除干擾選項。首先學生提問引出主要話題方向是與無線電波和聲波的區(qū)別有關，教授表示這是一個很好的話題開頭。選項中沒有直接的答案，因此結合全文，B選項的Features of different types、 C的various paths、 D的emission and detection都是未詳細展開的內容，不屬于主旨，且下文都與sound有關，因此正確答案為A。

2. What is one difference between radio waves and sound waves that the professor emphasizes? 【細節(jié)題】
A Radio waves have a lower frequency.
B Water stops radio waves from spreading but does not stop sound waves
C Unlike sound waves, radio waves can travel outside Earth's atmosphere.
D Naturally occurring radio waves are difficult to detect on Earth at night.
答案：C
破題關鍵詞匯：difference， radio waves and sound waves

解析：(從58秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Radio waves, on the other hand, are fundamentally different from sound waves. They are electromagnetic. They result from oscillations of the electromagnetic field and don't need a physical medium, so they, like other types of electromagnetic wave, can travel basically anywhere, through a vacuum, or through atmosphere or water.)
此處問到無線電波和聲波的區(qū)別，教授提到無線電波可以travel basically anywhere，對應選項C。

3. What explanation does the professor give for the constant occurrence of VLF emissions on Earth? 【細節(jié)題】
A At any given time, some part of the world is experiencing sunrise or sunset
B Waveguides constantly form in the atmosphere.
C Earth’s magnetosphere directs interplanetary waves toward Earth’s surface.
D Lightning occurs constantly on the planet.
答案：D
破題關鍵詞匯：VLF emissions

解析：(從1:55秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Um, on Earth, the main source of naturally occurring VLF emissions is lightning, which generates a pulse of radio waves every time it flashes. ;從2:23秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：So we can pick up emissions from lightning that's far away. So actually, you can pretty much listen to them all the time because lightning strikes Earth constantly, about a hundred times per second.)
此處提到VLF釋放的主要來源是閃電，可以經(jīng)常聽見閃電在地球上發(fā)生，對應選項D。

4. Why are sunrise and sunset the best times to listen to VLF signals? 【細節(jié)題】
A Because thunderstorms are most likely to occur then
B Because radio waves travel through natural waveguides then
C Because higher-frequency signals are less active then
D Because temperatures are not extremely high or low then
答案：B
破題關鍵詞匯：sunrise and sunset

解析：(從3:09秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：He says the best time to listen for them is around sunset or sunrise. That's when there're natural waveguides in the local atmosphere.)
此處教授提到他同事給出的說法，聽到VLF的最佳時機大約是在傍晚或日出，這個時間當?shù)氐拇髿庵泻�有自然的電磁波導，對應選項B。

5. Why does the professor discuss whistlers and tweeks? 【目的題】
A To illustrate that the path a VLF wave travels can affect the sound it makes on a radio
B To point out that VLF waves can affect the sounds heard on a household or car radio
C To describe how a colleague discovered the origin of VLF waves
D To clarify the difference between VLF waves and other kinds of waves
答案：A
破題關鍵詞匯：whistlers and tweeks

解析：(從3:32秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：They make a path for radio waves to follow in our atmosphere. These natural waveguides occur when the Sun is rising or setting, which makes sunrise and sunset good times to pick up VLF emissions.
Now, there are a few different sounds that you can hear on a VLF receiver, because when lightning strikes the radio waves travel different distances and in different ways before they reach the receiver.)
此處需要結合上下文倒推，whistlers和tweeks是兩個例子，用來解釋說明上文提到的收音機可以聽到a few different sounds，接著詳細解釋了whistlers和tweeks的區(qū)別。對應選項A。

6. What does the professor imply when he says this: 【重聽題】
A He needs to think before he can answer the woman's question.
B The woman has underestimated how often VLF waves can be detected.
C The woman does not realize that waiting for a thunderstorm can take a long time.
D The woman does not understand the relationship between thunderstorms and lightning.
答案：B

解析：(從2:09秒開始，原文重現(xiàn)：Since you almost always get lightning with thunderstorms. We can pick up VLF waves pretty often, right? You just have to wait until there is a thunderstorm.
Ah, do you? Have to wait? VLF receivers are very sensitive and VLF waves travel very far. So we can pick up emissions from lightning that's far away.)
此處學生先提出需要VLF聲波可以等雷暴天氣發(fā)生，教授對此進行了反問，且教授回答中強調了travel very far和that's far away，暗示VLF聲波會傳播很遠，并不是很輕易可以等到的，對應選項B。

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