GMAT語法改錯之Use of –ing form（下）

在GMAT考試中，難免會遇到語法用錯的情況，今天GMAT資深教師王杰老師為大家解讀一下GMAT語法改錯之Use of –ing form（下），希望對參加GMAT考試的童鞋們有所幫助。

我們接著上次GMAT語法發(fā)錯的V-ing練習：  【在線咨詢】

The majority of scientists believe that to reduce and stabilize atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, emissions must be cut at the source by fossil fuels that are burned more efficiently and, in some cases, by alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells that can replace fossil fuels altogether.

(A) fossil fuels that are burned more efficiently and, in some cases, by alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells that can replace fossil fuels altogether
(B) fossil fuels that are burned more efficiently and, in some cases, those that are replaced altogether with alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells
(C) burning fossil fuels more efficiently and, in some cases, by replacing fossil fuels altogether with alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells
(D) more efficiency in the burning of fossil fuels and, in some cases, by alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells that can replace fossil fuels altogether
(E) the more efficient burning of fossil fuels and, in some cases, by fossil fuels that are replaced altogether with alternatives such as hydrogen fuel cells

This ING is not personalized (i.e., the person/entity who actually does this stuff is not mentioned).
However:
* BURNING and REPLACING are processes performed by human
* The emphasis of the sentence is ON THE PROCESS, not on general notion of these things
回憶上次我們說到的，Ving是一個進程，指的是一個人或物實際有在做這件事，而VERBAL Nouns則沒有這個過程。

Critics of the research study claimed that monkeys are different enough from human beings that comparing the two species can be as questionable--or as useless--as comparisons between humans and mice.

(A) different enough from human beings that comparing the two species can
(B) different enough from human beings so that comparing the two species can
(C) different enough from human beings for comparing the two species to
(D) so different from human beings that comparisons between the two species can
(E) so different from human beings for comparisons between the two species to

George Washington Carver dedicated his life to the economic strengthening of the South with improvement of soil and diversification of crops.
A the economic strengthening of the South with improvement of soil and diversification of crops 
B strengthening the economy in the South with soil improvement and the diversification of crops 
C strengthening the economy of the South through soil improvement and crop diversification
D the strengthening of the economy of the South through improving soil and crop diversifying 
E he economic strengthening in the South with improving soil and diversifying crops 

The proliferation of so-called cybersquatters, people who register the Internet domain names of high-profile companies in hopes of reselling the rights to those names for a profit, led to passing the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling them later.
A passing the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling 
B the passage of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act in 1999, which allows companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent that they will sell
C the passage in 1999 of the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which allows companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling 
D the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, which was passed in 1999, and it allows companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent to sell
E the Anti-Cybersquatting Consumer Protection Act, passed in 1999 and allowing companies to seek up to $100,000 in damages against those who register domain names with the sole intent of selling

Can we use “passing”?
* PERSONALIZED? NO—the person/person who passed the law are not mentioned
* PROCESS-ORIENTED? NO—this sentence is not at all about the steps process of passing a law

Compare the use of “which” in B and C. “which” refers to the act, so it should be placed next to the name of the act. ALSO, “in 1999” describe “the passage” (not the actual law), so this modifier is also better place in C than in B.
When you see the SAME MODIFIER. MOVED AROUD to different placed in the sentence, ask yourself a simple question: which version places the modifier CLOSEST to the stuff that it actually describes?

以上是新通外語王杰老師為大家分享的GMAT語法改錯知識，希望對大家有所幫助。

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