托福TPO45閱讀真題解析：Passage 2

TPO，即toefl Practice Online的首寫字母，就是托福在線練習(xí)的意思，TPO可以為考生提供全真的模擬考試環(huán)境和過往真題，而TPO題庫也是有著不斷的更新。在托福閱讀的備考過程中，除了大量的閱讀之外，全面了解托福閱讀的題型和解題方法也都是非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。而對于很多備考托福的學(xué)生來說，TPO往往就是一個首先的備考材料。今天，小編就為大家?guī)�來托福TPO45閱讀真題解析：Passage 2。

托福TPO45閱讀Passage 2真題解析 【在線咨詢】

Wind pollination

1. The word "drawback" in the passage is closest in meaning to 【詞匯題】
A other side of the issue
B objection
C concern
D problem
答案：D

解析：drawback 缺點，不利條件。在語境中的含義為“不利條件”。D選項的problem意為“問題，難題”，與drawback在這里的含義相符，故為正確答案。other side of the issue事情的另外一方面。 objection缺點，缺陷。 concern關(guān)心，關(guān)注。

2. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about pollen production? 【推斷題】
A Pollen production requires a significant investment of energy and resources on the part of the plant.
B The capacity to produce pollen in large quantities is a recent development in the evolutionary history of plants.
C Plants in the tropics generally produce more pollen than those in temperate zones.
D The highest levels of pollen production are found in plants that depend on insects or birds to carry their pollen.
答案：A

解析：根據(jù)原文的wind is good at moving pollen a long way可以推斷pollen production是需要energy的， 根據(jù)Pollen,…. is usually carried from plant to plant…可知， pollen production是需要resource的。故A選項正確。
B選項的說法無中生有。
C選項的比較關(guān)系在原文無法得出。
D選項對highest levels of pollen production的傳播方式的說法也是無中生有的。

3. According to paragraph 1, wind-pollinated trees are most likely to be found 【事實信息題】
A in temperate forests
B at lower latitudes
C in the tropics
D surrounded by trees of many different species
答案：A

解析：根據(jù)原文的For the relatively few… temperate forests… this is quite a safe gamble.此句中的this根據(jù)前文可知就是”風(fēng)傳播“，所以 wind-pollinated trees很有可能會在temperate forests里發(fā)現(xiàn)。

4. Paragraph 1 supports which of the following as the reason animals are a safer bet than wind as pollinators when the individual trees of a species are widely separated? 【事實信息題】
A Animals tend to carry pollen from a given flower further than the wind does.
B Animals serve as pollinators even where there is little wind to disperse the pollen.
C An animal that visits a flower is likely to deliberately visit other flowers of the same species and pollinate them.
D Birds and insects fly in all directions, not just the direction the wind is blowing at a given moment.
答案：C

解析： C選項意為光顧某一種花的animals很有可能會光顧同一種花的另外一朵花并對其授粉。這完全可以構(gòu)成題干的觀點成立的理由之一。
A選項的further的說法無依據(jù)。
B選項并不能表明題干的safer的理由。
D選項的fly in all directions的說法無中生有。

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5. In paragraph 1, the author compares pollen moved by wind with letters thrown off roofs in order to 【修辭目的題】
A explain why there are relatively few species of trees that depend on wind pollination
B compare natural, biological processes with human social practices
C make a point about the probability of wind-blown pollen reaching a tree of the same species
D argue against the common assumption that the tallest trees are the most likely to employ wind pollination
答案：C

解析：原文的It is like trying to get a letter….的例子緊隨Wind is very good at moving pollen a long… and only birds can get pollen anywhere near as far.的說法之后，就是為了說明前面的觀點。即：風(fēng)傳播是有可能將花粉授予同一物種的。故C選項正確。

6. Paragraph 2 suggests that wind-pollinated plants do not have bright petals, nectar, and scent for which TWO of the following reasons? To receive credit, you must select TWO answers. 【雙選題】
A They interfere with pollination by wind.
B They are easily damaged by wind.
C They are unnecessary.
D They reduce the amount of pollen that can be produced.
答案：AC

解析：A選項的interfere with對應(yīng)原文中的impediment。 C選項的unnecessary對應(yīng)原文的insignificant-looking.

7. The word "respectively” in the passage is closest in meaning to 【詞匯題】
A over time
B separately
C in that order
D consistently
答案：B

解析：respectively意為“各自地”，B選項的separately意思為“分開地”，與separately是近義詞，故B為正確選項。
over time 久而久之。 in that order以那樣的順序。 consistently一貫地，一致地。

8.According to paragraph 3, why do most deciduous wind-pollinated trees produce their pollen in the spring? 【事實信息題】
A To avoid competing with evergreen conifers, which flower in the fall or winter
B So that the leaves of the trees receiving the pollen will not prevent the pollen from reaching the trees' stigmas
C Because they do not have enough energy to produce new leaves and pollen at the same time
D In order to take advantage of the windiest time of year
答案：B

解析：定位到原文Most deciduous wind-pollinated 。。。 to reduce the surrounding surfaces that “compete” with 他和stigmas for pollen. 此句中的目的狀語to reduce。。�；卮鹆祟}干的why提問， 即B選項為正確答案。

9. According to paragraph 4，which of the following is NOT an adaptation that helps ensure that pollen travels as far as possible? 【否定事實信息題】
A Pollen-producing flowers and catkins are located at or near the top of the tree.
B Trees grow at least 100 meters away from each other.
C Dangling catkins release pollen only when the wind is blowing hard.
D Pollen is not released during rain storms or when the air is damp.
答案：B

解析：A選項對應(yīng)原文Pollen produced high in the top branches is likely to go further.
C選項對應(yīng)原文dangling catkins like…is strong enough to bend them…
D選項對應(yīng)原文…or being knocked out of the air by rain.
B選項與題干所問無關(guān)，錯誤。

10. The word "significant" in the passage is closest in meaning to 【詞匯題】
A sufficient
B considerable
C increasing
D small
答案：B

解析：significant意為“大量的”。B選項的considerable也有”大量的“意思，故為正確答案。
sufficient充分的。 increasing不斷增加的。 small小的。

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11. The phrase “no wonder" in the passage is closest in meaning to 【詞匯題】
A unsurprising
B understandable
C well-known
D unfortunate
答案：A

解析：no wonder意為“不足為奇的”， A選項的unsurprising正是“不令人吃驚的”含義，故為正確答案。
understandable可以理解的。 well-known出名的。 unfortunate 不幸的。

12. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information. 【句子簡化題】
A Because smaller particles tend to stay trapped in the fast moving air, they are blown much farther than other grains.
B Smaller particles are trapped by the stigma when fast-moving air flows past it.
C Small particles that are whisked past the waiting stigma gain speed and are often trapped in the fast-moving air.
D While smallness helps pollen travel farther, it also makes it more likely to be blown past the stigma.
答案：D

解析：原句but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。句子核心：小顆�？赡軙�被吹遠(yuǎn)但也可能被風(fēng)吹過花的柱頭。D選項對應(yīng)原句的兩個核心，句中while表示轉(zhuǎn)折。

13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. 【句子插入題】
This level of volume is important to ensure that at least some of the pollen reaches target tree, but dispersing the pollen is crucial as well.
Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square [■] to add the sentence to the passage.
答案：B

解析：句中的代詞This level of volume緊承并指代原文A插入口后的句中數(shù)字5.5 and 4 million grains percatkin，所以插入B處最為合適。

14. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. 【概要小結(jié)題】
Drag your answer choices to the spaces where they belong. To remove an answer choice, click on it.
To review the passage, click VIEW TEXT
Some plants depend on the wind to carry their pollen.
Answer Choices
Because there are few trees in temperate forests, it is safer to transport pollen by insects or birds.
Wind pollination is a safe reproductive strategy for trees in temperate forests where there are only a few dominant species and, therefore, many individuals of the same species.
Wind pollination requires production of a large amount of pollen, which must be released at the right time and under the right conditions to extend its range.
Most wind-pollinated trees are deciduous because evergreen needles compete with the stigma for pollen, making wind pollination uncertain.
Wind-pollinated plants usually have small petalless flowers which often grow in catkins that produce a very fine-grained pollen.
Wind-pollinated trees must grow in regions that are only moderately windy because strong winds will blow the tiny pollen grains past the stigma.
答案：BCE

解析：A選項的Because there are few trees in temperate forests的說法本身就是錯誤的。
B選項的說法對應(yīng)原文For the relatively few dominant… this is quite a safe gamble.
C選項的說法對應(yīng)原文第3段和第4段。正確。
D選項中的evergreen needles compete with the stigma的表述與原文第3段的表述不符。
E選項的表述與原文第2段的表述一致，正確。
F選項的表述與第5段的Small grains may be….stigma的表述不符，錯誤。

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