雅思閱讀判斷題之“霧里看花”

大家好，我是的大衛(wèi)老師，今天給大家?guī)�來的是一些關于雅思閱讀中判斷題的一些解題思路和技巧。雅思閱讀的判斷題是所有題型中較難的一種類型，而且目前有逐漸增多的趨勢。其中True/False/Not Given 多見于General Training Module, Yes/No/Not Given 則多見于Academic Module, 因為Yes/No/Not Given最初是為學術類設計的。很多考生面對雅思閱讀判斷題時常束手無策，特別對False和Not Given易混淆。要攻克判斷題的難關，我們要分析它的命題規(guī)律，找出考察點，才能提高解題準確率。 

雅思閱讀判斷題解題方法：根據(jù)判斷題的命題規(guī)律和考察角度，我們可以運用簡單推理和語言技能分析考察點來作出判斷�？蓮囊韵聨讉�主要方面考慮： 

1．雅思閱讀界定題中考察點和原文對應部分的范圍或概念以及相互關系如果范圍或概念一致，并有從屬、相容的關系，一般為True。如果范圍或概念不一致，并出現(xiàn)沖突則為F。如果范圍或概念界定模糊，或范圍或概念不一致，但又沒有直接沖突則選NG。對ＮＧ題原文中沒有直接對應句，但可能有干擾句，一般可將干擾句看作參考對應句。  [ 在線咨詢 ]

例1： You can go to Shanghai by train or by plane.
Q: You fly to Shanghai.（T）　　
Q: You must fly to Shanghai. (F)
Q: You may probably go to Shanghai by bus. (NG) 

例2：Educational standards in schools have, in general, been gradually improving.
Q: Schools have been getting better. (T)
Q: The education in schools has not been improving. (F)
Q: Educational standards are not as unsatisfactory as they used to be. (NG)

例3：More than half of the college’s 6000 students are over 19 years old.
Q: There are now 6000 students over the age of 19 in the college. (F)

例4：Cooking can only be done in the kitchen in the dormitory.
Q: Cooking can not be done anywhere in the dormitory. (F)
Q: Cooking cannot be done everywhere in the dormitory. (T)

從上面4個立體中，可以看出分清是整體還是局部的關系，是絕對還是相對的概念至關重要。因此一些表示范圍、程度和數(shù)量的詞如：always, all, some, little, only, must, usually, never等經(jīng)常是題目中的考察點。 

2．對雅思閱讀判斷題中考察點和原文對應部分的范圍或概念根據(jù)上下文進行簡單的推理，特別是當涉及到對立的概念時這種推理顯得尤為重要。  [ 在線咨詢 ]
例：在關于交通法規(guī)的一篇文章中寫到Trucks are not allowed to run on this road. 問題是: Cars are prohibited on this road. 答案應為：Ｆ。但不少考生會誤選ＮＧ，問題在于考生沒有做進一步的簡單推理，沒能看出文中說的卡車禁行是針對其它機動車輛不禁行而言。當文中或題目涉及到對立的概念時，如：多與少、生與死、戰(zhàn)爭與和平等，盡管作者可能僅提到其中的一個方面，但其另一個方面則是不言而喻的。如果不是對立或對應的兩者, 而是多種可能, 應為NG。這種推理是考生做出正確判斷的重要方法。這樣的考題有時頗有一定難度，考生容易誤作ＮＧ來理解。

例1： In times of peace, the Olympic Games have taken place at four-yearly intervals since its inception in 1896.
Q: The Games have taken place every four years since it was revived in 1896. (F)

例2： Those who pay regular prices for the trip should share a twin room.
Q: A few people paying regular prices for the trip can stay in single rooms. (F) 

3. 運用語言知識分析問題和原文對應部分是否不同 對比分析問題和原文對應部分的時態(tài)、語氣、語態(tài)，句型和用詞是解題的重要的一環(huán)。這一點經(jīng)常被很多考生所忽略，使得雅思閱讀判斷題解題時猶如霧里看花，難以做出正確的判斷。 [ 在線咨詢 ]

例1： The ancient Egyptians moved clay hives, probably on rafts, down the Nile.
Q: The Egyptians keep bees on the banks of the Nile. (NG) (時態(tài)不同) 

例2： John and Mary’s wedding took place yesterday. However, John didn’t marry her because she was rich.
Q: In fact, because Mary was rich, John didn’t marry her. (F) (句子結構不同) 

例3： The torch of modern Olympics symbolizes the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals.
Q: The modern Olympics are inspired by the same ideals as the ancient ones. (NG) （詞義） 

例4：If a space probe today sent back evidence that extraterrestrial intelligence existed in the universe, it would cause much more sensation than we can imagine.　
Q: The author believes that it now may be impossible that there is intelligence outside the earth. （Ｔ） （虛擬語氣）

所以，我們在做雅思閱讀判斷題時一找二看三判斷。找文中對應句，題中考察點的對應范圍，看語法結構，如時態(tài)，語態(tài)是否不同，是否需要進一步推理等，最后再做判斷。

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以下是雅思閱讀解題的幾個小竅門：根據(jù)判斷題的命題規(guī)律及對目前流行的雅思判斷題進行分析，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的一些規(guī)律或傾向。  【在線咨詢】

1．如果文中對敘述的事情沒有進行比較，而題中的描述出現(xiàn)了比較或變化，一般選NG。
例：Campuses in Britain are safe places to live, as in general are most British towns. Like anywhere else in the world, there are areas in some cities best avoided after dark.
Q: It is safer to live in UK than in other countries.（ＮＧ）

2. 如果雅思閱讀判斷題中的考察點出現(xiàn)了絕對概念如never, all，only或數(shù)量詞或詞組，F(xiàn)ALSE的出現(xiàn)率較高。如果題中的考察點出現(xiàn)了相對概念如some, 或表示某種可能性的詞，TRUE的出現(xiàn)率較高。
例：More than half of the college’s 6000 students are over 19 years old.
Q: There are now 6000 students over the age of 19 in the college. (F)
又例： Not all of the young people like pop music.
Q: Some youngsters enjoy listening to pop music.. （T）

3. 如果題中的考察點與文章的部分內容發(fā)生沖突，部分文章未提及，應選FALSE。
例：He likes to go to the US and Europe.
Q: He doesn’t like to go to America, but New Zealand.（F）

以上幾點是個人在雅思閱讀教學中的一些心得，希望能夠幫助到大家，如果對我上述的講解或是判斷題仍有疑問的話，歡迎大家找我-大衛(wèi)老師共同討論，我們互相學習、互相借鑒好的解題方法，共同進步。

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