如何有區(qū)別地對待托福閱讀中的單詞（2）

上一次已經(jīng)給同學(xué)們講解了關(guān)于如何對待托福閱讀中出現(xiàn)的生詞，特別是名詞。有的名詞看上去很陌生，但一點都不會影響我們解題，但是如果不認識那些基礎(chǔ)核心的單詞，比如影響我們理解句義的動詞，對于托福閱讀那可能會很致命。例如：

It should be obvious that cetaceans---whales, porpoises, and dolphins---are mammals. They breathe through lungs, not though gills, and give birth to live young. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs, and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their affinities with land dwelling mammals.

In this paragraph, what does the author say about the presence of a blowhole in cetaceans?
A. It clearly indicates that cetaceans are mammals.
B. It cannot conceal the fact that cetaceans are mammals.
C. It is the main difference between cetaceans and land-dwelling mammals.
D. It cannot yield clues about the origins of cetaceans.

在這道托福閱讀的事實信息題目中,當(dāng)定位到blowhole后，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)只有一個句子對blowhole進行了描述, 因此重點要理解這個句子的含義。在這個句子中，我們必須認識動詞disguise和選項B中的conceal，這兩個單詞都是核心必會詞匯，而對于affinities，首先可以判斷出它是名詞性質(zhì)，其次根據(jù)with可以進一步猜出這個單詞講的是cetaceans 和land dwelling mammals的一種關(guān)系。因此，相對于名詞來說，尤其是很生僻的名詞，基礎(chǔ)核心的動詞的含義更重要。所以，大家在學(xué)習(xí)的時候，優(yōu)先掌握動詞的含義，更快更準(zhǔn)地理解句子。再看一道題：

B  The sense of touch has sometimes been described as weak too, but this view is probably mistaken. Trainers of captive dolphins and smell whales often remark on their animals’ responsiveness to being touched or rubbed, and both captive and free-ranging cetacean individuals of all species (particularly adults and calves, or members of the same subgroup) appear to make frequent contact. This contact may help to maintain order within a group, and stroking or touching are part of the courtship ritual in most species. The area around the blowhole is also particularly sensitive and captive animals often object strongly to being touched there.

8. Which of the senses is described here as being involved in mating?

mating的原型是mate，這個動詞的含義是“繁殖”、“交配”，而文中的同義替換的單詞是名詞courtship(求愛)。這說明這道題目考查的就是這兩個基礎(chǔ)單詞，不認識就沒法做。

通過以上真題，希望同學(xué)們正確地、有區(qū)別地對待單詞！掌握基礎(chǔ)核心的、會影響我們解題的單詞，分清主次，提高學(xué)習(xí)效率！

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