從雅思閱讀中博古識今——埃及金字塔是用風(fēng)箏建起來的么？

一句“欲練此功必先自宮”讓《葵花寶典》名揚天下，我們打算成功屠鴨的寶寶們當(dāng)然不用這么悲催，但是“欲屠此鴨必做真題”可是一點都不夸張，所以各位烤鴨想必已經(jīng)對劍橋的真題是了然于胸的。那么從今天開始就跟著Fiona從虐你千百遍的的雅思閱讀中探尋那些讓你瞬間提升逼格的東西吧。

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劍橋雅思真題7雅思閱讀中test4中有篇文章Pulling Strings to Build Pyramids講的是在探索古埃及金字塔建造之謎的眾學(xué)說中Maureen Clemmons提出的當(dāng)時人們用風(fēng)箏運送巨石建造金字塔的假說。

在正文部分第一段寫道While perusing a book on the monuments of Egypt, she noticed a hieroglyph （象形文字）that showed a row of men standing in odd postures. They were holding what looked like ropes that led, via some kind mechanical system, to a giant bird in the sky. She wondered if perhaps the bird was actually a giant kite, and the men were using it to lift a heavy object.那么究竟是什么樣的象形文字可以帶給Clemmons這么大的靈感呢？

下面這個就是從資料中截取的圖片，讓我們一睹為快吧。

從正文第三段我們得知來自著名常青藤學(xué)校加州理工學(xué)院（California Institute of Technology）的航空學(xué)教授Morteza Gharib和他的學(xué)生Emilio Graff為了驗證這一假說的可能性做了實驗。

英國《新科學(xué)家》周刊曾有一篇文章寫過這個實驗：他們在平臥的石條一端上方裝配了一個帳篷形狀的腳手架，腳手架的頂端懸掛有滑輪。設(shè)想是，當(dāng)石條的一端提起后，基底就會隨架空的滑輪在地上滾動。他們將克萊門斯的設(shè)想投入了試驗，用一個40平方米大的長方形尼龍“翼傘”篷，傘篷張開的一剎那產(chǎn)生了一股強大的力量，僅40秒鐘，33.5噸重的石條就被筆直地提了起來。當(dāng)時的風(fēng)速僅為16－20公里／小時。他們沒有料到的是風(fēng)箏打開時的力量。這說明風(fēng)箏的確可以提起重物。Gharib認(rèn)為有40個左右的人再加上四五個風(fēng)箏，300噸的石條也可以被提起來。因此他們認(rèn)為Clemmons的設(shè)想是正確的：金字塔的建造者們可以利用風(fēng)箏將大塊的石料搬運到位。當(dāng)然是否確有其事則另當(dāng)別論。 【在線咨詢更多雅思閱讀細(xì)節(jié)】

不過不知道在讀原文的時候各位看官有沒有能夠腦補出實驗的畫面呢？那么就來看看這張圖吧！

說到埃及的金字塔總會帶給我們神秘的感覺，那么就讓我們來扒一扒金字塔的那些事兒吧。

首先讓我們看看維基百科上是怎么寫埃及金字塔的：

The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt. As of November 2008, sources cite either 118 or 138 as the number of identified Egyptian pyramids. Most were built as tombs for the country's pharaohs （法老）and their consorts during the Old and Middle Kingdom periods. The earliest known Egyptian pyramids are found at Saqqara（埃及塞加拉）, northwest of Memphis. The earliest among these is the Pyramid of Djoser （左塞爾金字塔）(constructed 2630 BC–2611 BC) which was built during the third dynasty. This pyramid and its surrounding complex were designed by the architect Imhotep, and are generally considered to be the world's oldest monumental structures constructed of dressed masonry. The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza（吉薩）, on the outskirts of Cairo（開羅）. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The Pyramid of Khufu （胡夫金字塔）at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid. It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.

這些金字塔中恐怕大家最熟知的就是吉薩金字塔中的胡夫金字塔了，就是前面有獅身人面像的金字塔。

雅思閱讀資源推薦：

如果大家對金字塔感興趣，F(xiàn)iona在這里推薦一部紀(jì)錄片：Pyramid: beyond imagination (BBC)

大家也可以到bbc網(wǎng)站上了解古埃及文明的相關(guān)內(nèi)容：

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