備考經(jīng)驗(yàn)：揭秘托福閱讀滿分必備技能

在做托福閱讀的細(xì)節(jié)類題目和推斷題的時(shí)候，做題習(xí)慣一般分為兩類：

1 先把原文或原段讀個(gè)通透，然后結(jié)合自己的記憶信息來閱讀題目、選擇選項(xiàng)；

2 先讀題目，根據(jù)題目中得關(guān)鍵詞定位到原文某個(gè)句子，然后根據(jù)定位句的句意來判斷哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

不管你屬于哪一類，都請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀本文的內(nèi)容，因?yàn)榻裉靸?nèi)容的重點(diǎn)是這兩種解題習(xí)慣中都不可或缺的一個(gè)步驟：讀題。

讀題的時(shí)候，我們需要做的都不僅僅是搞清楚題目的類型、找出定位的關(guān)鍵詞以及找到定位句，我們還需要在最開始就清楚地明白，題目問的到底是在問什么。

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這樣做會(huì)帶來兩個(gè)好處：

1.方便我們?cè)谥�后的做題步驟中，有效地篩選出回答題目的信息，快速排除無效信息，減少糾結(jié)上浪費(fèi)的時(shí)間；

2.能夠幫助我們避開出題人故意設(shè)置的干擾選項(xiàng)

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大家先來做一下下面這道題，

選自TPO11的Ancient Egyptian Sculpture

Paragraph 1: In order to understand ancient Egyptian art, it is vital to know as much as possible of the elite Egyptians’ view of the world and the functions and contexts of the art produced for them. Without this knowledge we can appreciate only the formal content of Egyptian art, and we will fail to understand why it was produced or the concepts that shaped it and caused it to adopt its distinctive forms. In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary? Why do the artists seem to get left and right confused? And why did they not discover the geometric perspective as European artists did in the Renaissance? The answer to such questions has nothing to do with a lack of skill or imagination on the part of Egyptian artists and everything to do with the purposes for which they were producing their art.

問題1：Paragraph 1 suggests that one reason Egyptian art is viewed less favorably than other art is that Egyptian art lacks

A. a realistic sense of human body proportion

B. a focus on distinctive forms of varying sizes

C. the originality of European art

D. the capacity to show the human body in motion

這道題目的答案是D，小伙伴們檢查檢查，看看做沒做對(duì)。

1.如果做對(duì)了，那么請(qǐng)嘗試著給其他同學(xué)講講你是咋選的，如果能夠講清楚，那么代表你已經(jīng)是閱讀的大神級(jí)人物了。

2.如果沒做對(duì)，且聽我娓娓道來。

這道題目通常會(huì)犯的一個(gè)問題就是根據(jù)定位的句子：In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures. 直接進(jìn)行答案的選擇。但實(shí)際上，如果你只定位或讀到這個(gè)句子，那說明你根本沒有看清楚題目，做題的時(shí)候根本沒有動(dòng)腦筋。

題目問的是：埃及藝術(shù)缺乏了一個(gè)什么東西，使得它不被人們喜歡？

這個(gè)句子雖然存在一個(gè)表示因果關(guān)系的led to，但總結(jié)一下就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管結(jié)果“compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures”和題目一毛一樣，這個(gè)句子給我們的原因卻是“不理解埃及藝術(shù)”，也就是說“因?yàn)槿藗儧]有足夠的理解埃及藝術(shù)的目的，才導(dǎo)致他們覺得埃及藝術(shù)很挫”呢！

只有欣賞者才會(huì)不理解埃及藝術(shù)，怎么可能是埃及藝術(shù)自身無法理解自己？？？

所以，只有讀懂了題目的意思才能知道，原來找到了一個(gè)完全無用的信息啊。并且，我們也不會(huì)反復(fù)糾結(jié)“為什么沒有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)能夠?qū)Φ纳显�文的信�?rdquo;這個(gè)問題了。

接下來，我們需要做的事情就是繼續(xù)尋找相關(guān)信息。

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我們把冒號(hào)前后的兩個(gè)完整句子連在一起看一下：

In fact, a lack of understanding concerning the purposes of Egyptian art has often led it to be compared unfavorably with the art of other cultures: Why did the Egyptians not develop sculpture in which the body turned and twisted through space like classical Greek statuary?

事實(shí)上，不理解埃及藝術(shù)的目的通常會(huì)導(dǎo)致大家不像喜歡其他文化一樣喜歡埃及藝術(shù)：為什么埃及人創(chuàng)造的雕塑沒有像古典希臘雕塑那樣帶有身體的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)和扭動(dòng)呢？

繞來繞去，其實(shí)就是在說：

不清楚埃及藝術(shù)的目的——看到埃及雕塑缺乏body turned和twisted——認(rèn)為埃及雕塑特別挫

看到這兒，我們已經(jīng)能夠妥妥的得出能夠回答題目的答案了，那就是埃及藝術(shù)缺乏對(duì)肢體動(dòng)作的描繪，答案很自然就是D！

看到這不禁感嘆一句，藝術(shù)家也挺不容易的，作品搞得太大眾吧，被人認(rèn)為屌絲，搞得太陽春白雪，又會(huì)被詬病太裝逼，為之奈何且為之奈何啊。。。

我們?cè)賮碜鲆坏李}，選自TPO20的Westward Migration

Paragraph 2: Why were these hundreds of thousands of settlers—most of them farmers, some of them artisans—drawn away from the cleared fields and established cities and villages of the East? Certain characteristics of American society help to explain this remarkable migration. The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them across the Atlantic. Many of those who experienced this sharp break thereafter lacked the ties that had bound them and their ancestors to a single place. Moreover, European society was relatively stratified; occupation and social status were inherited. In American society, however, the class structure was less rigid; some people changed occupations easily and believed it was their duty to improve their social and economic position. As a result, many Americans were an inveterately restless, rootless, and ambitious people. Therefore, these social traits helped to produce the nomadic and daring settlers who kept pushing westward beyond the fringes of settlement. In addition, there were other immigrants who migrated west in search of new homes, material success, and better lives.

問題：According to paragraph 2, all of the following are reasons why Americans migrated westward EXCEPT

A. the desire to move from one place to the next

B. the hope of improving their socioeconomic status

C. the opportunity to change jobs

D. the need to escape religious or political crises

如果你選的是A、B、C其中一個(gè)，那么請(qǐng)你仔細(xì)閱讀并思考下面的問題：

1.題目問的是啥？

2.這個(gè)句子啥意思？The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them across the Atlantic.

3.The European ancestors of some Americans是美國人還是歐洲人？

答案：

1.下列哪一個(gè)原因不是美國人向西遷移的原因？

2.某些美國人的歐洲祖先幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來生活地點(diǎn)沒有發(fā)生改變，直到某些宗教、政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)把他們趕出家園，迫使他們穿越了大西洋（來到美洲）。

3.米國人的歐洲祖先當(dāng)然是歐洲人咯

所以，D選項(xiàng)的逃離宗教、政治危機(jī)，其實(shí)和米國人一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒有，而是歐洲人最開始向西穿越大西洋、來到美洲的根本原因，那么D也就是這道題目的答案了
 

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