托福寫作中，常見的寫作手法有學(xué)生最熟悉的舉例，即用一個(gè)具體的事例來(lái)論證想要表述的觀點(diǎn)；除此之外，還有說(shuō)理也是一種常見的寫作手法，即用一些具體明確邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)言來(lái)論證想要論述的觀點(diǎn)。這兩個(gè)寫作手法的優(yōu)勢(shì)是具體詳盡，且很有畫面感，但是缺陷在于無(wú)法像數(shù)據(jù)一樣明確得指出論點(diǎn)的要害，所以數(shù)據(jù)例證的寫法在托福寫作中已經(jīng)成為了必不可少的論證方法。接下來(lái)我們來(lái)對(duì)其的具體寫法作詳細(xì)的論述。
模板一：
A 年份 survey/ report, conducted by 組織/機(jī)構(gòu)/xxx university, (after polling xxx 人群 aged x and x) proved that xx% a, xx% b, xx% c.
模板二：
According to 年份 surveys, conducted by 組織/機(jī)構(gòu)， shows that …
其次，我們要積累編寫數(shù)據(jù)例證時(shí)常用的機(jī)構(gòu)/組織的名稱：
環(huán)保局Environmental protection agency
衛(wèi)生廳 department of public health
教育部Ministry of Education
人力資源部Human resource Department
交通局 Traffic department
數(shù)據(jù)類題目適用于哪類題目?最適用的題型是今昔對(duì)比類題目，如下：
Twenty years from now on, people will have more leisure time than they do now.
Secondly, the working time of people has become much shorter, thus resulting in people's preference for more leisure time. According to 1995 and 2005 surveys conducted by Human Resources Department, people worked 8 hours every day in 2005 while people in 1995 worked almost 9 hours each day. The shortened work time is caused by the wide use fo machines.
分析：
題目大意： 20年后，人們會(huì)有更多休閑時(shí)間。
人們休閑時(shí)間越來(lái)越多可以通過調(diào)查人們?cè)?995和2005工作時(shí)長(zhǎng)的減少反映出來(lái)。
It was easier to identify what jobs or careers were secure and successful in the past than it is now.
Additionally, a questionnaire about choosing an ideal job conducted by Career Service Center in China has surveyed two groups of people with the first at the age of 50 and above and the second aged from 20 to 30. 58.4%. According to the above survey, 32.5% of the first group respectively choose the option of civil servants and teachers. On the contrary, 72.4% of the second group circled the third option of other occupations such as singers, freelance writers and so on. The difference in the two groups of figures lies in the transition of people's attitude of choosing a job .
題目大意：現(xiàn)在更難以去判斷一項(xiàng)工作是否成功。
通過一項(xiàng)問卷調(diào)查來(lái)說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在人們打破了以前鐵飯碗的觀念，開始從事其他類別的工作，從而證明人們對(duì)于成功工作的定義變得多樣化。
Nowadays it is easier to get educated than in the past.
A 2012-report conducted by Beijing Human Resources Department: the female percentage in the occupations such as professors, doctors, layers. Engineers grew by 80.3% compared to the days 50 years ago.
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