雅思寫作：詞匯量不足該如何應對？

書面表達時，我們常常會碰到這種情況：一個意思往往因一個單詞不會而表達不清，或者一個好的句子因一個單詞想不起來而不能完成。面對這種情況，該如何應對呢？下面就由小編為大家介紹三種簡便易行的應對措施，希望能對同學們有所幫助。

一、換用籠統(tǒng)詞

英語詞匯大體可分為兩類：籠統(tǒng)詞和具體詞。籠統(tǒng)詞的特點在于意義廣泛、搭配性強。雖然它們獨自不能精確表達一個動作，但在構(gòu)成詞組以后可替代許多具體詞。寫作中遇到一些具體詞寫不出來的時候，用籠統(tǒng)詞取代，能收到異曲同工之妙。最常用的籠統(tǒng)詞有 have，take 等。

例：邁克經(jīng)歷了一個極其艱苦的時代。

Mike experienced a terrible hard time.

寫作時，若忘記了experience 可用籠統(tǒng)詞 have 代替，寫成 ：Mike had a terrible hard time. 同樣能收到預期效果。

再看幾例：Are you married? = Do you have a wife/husband?

Do you understand my meaning? = Do you take my meaning?

She will subscribe to China Daily Today. = She will take China Daily Today。

二、換用同義詞或反義詞

遇到未曾學過的詞或一時想不起的詞時，可采用發(fā)散性思維，發(fā)揮想象力，盡可能想出與之有關(guān)的同義詞或反義詞，利用語言的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，多層次、多角度地運用語言，使單詞受阻現(xiàn)象得以解決。

例：昨晚李雷做了一場惡夢。

Li Lei had a nightmare last night.

因 nightmare 使用率不高，不易記住。但其同義詞 bad dream 易記。上句可換譯為：Li Lei had a bad dream last night.

再如：The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat. = The food is delicious.

We discontinued the work at nine. = We stopped the work at nine.

This woman is talkative. = This woman is never quiet.

This car is expensive. = This car is not cheap。

三、換用迂回表達

當一個詞或某些信息表達起來有困難時，要充分利用語言本身詞匯豐富、句型多變等特點，進行迂回表達。因為任何一種表達形式，只要能達意便可接受。請仔細觀察劃線部分詞語，看看是如何迂回表達的。

例：

1. 我從未見到過這樣頑固的人。

I've never seen such a stubborn person. = I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.

2. 如果我們想得到文憑，我們必須首先通過考試。

If we want to obtain a diploma, we must first pass the exams. = If we want to get a graduation paper, we must first pass the exams.

3. 工廠里的煙囪拔地而起。

High chimneys have appeared in the factories. = The factories are full of high chimneys. = A lot of high chimneys can be seen in the factories.

4. 他數(shù)學考試取得優(yōu)異成績，被大學錄取了。

He succeeded in the maths exam and became a college student. = He passed the maths exam and became a college student.

5. 中午我們吃了野餐。

At noon we had a picnic. = At noon we had our lunch in the open air.