托�？谡Z(yǔ)筆記誤區(qū)匯總+備考建議

一、托�？谡Z(yǔ)分類
　　托福的口語(yǔ)部分也可以分為independent task和integrated task.因?yàn)閠ask1和task2基本屬于personal reference，而task3-task6都不同程度上結(jié)合了listening,reading, speaking這三個(gè)方面,所以把這四道題歸為integrated task。
　　因?yàn)橥懈？谡Z(yǔ)允許做筆記，所以能否在自己的筆記中最大限度且全面地記錄listening中的關(guān)鍵信息，就直接地關(guān)系到考試的得分。而在每一個(gè)task中做的筆記內(nèi)容都有所不同，比如前兩個(gè)task主要記得是一些重要的動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，來(lái)幫助自己組織句子。而task3-task6則是記錄更多的聽到和讀到的信息，比如聽到的主語(yǔ)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等，有些聽力較弱的同學(xué)在后面的綜合題中基本是聽到什么記什么。

二、托�？谡Z(yǔ)備考誤區(qū)
　　閱讀部分：
　　（1）盲目地記錄一些文章細(xì)節(jié)，而忽略了對(duì)文章整體架構(gòu)和主要信息的把握。
　�。�2）缺乏對(duì)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)的能力，把握不住文章的重點(diǎn)。
　�。�3）不能通過(guò)閱讀短文從而找出接下來(lái)要陳述時(shí)所能擴(kuò)展的點(diǎn)或者說(shuō)是可以說(shuō)的點(diǎn)。
　　聽力部分：
　�。�1）在這部分中，大家好走兩個(gè)極端路線，一是對(duì)主體解釋的理論部分作了過(guò)多的陳述，二是對(duì)文章舉例部分描述太多，沒(méi)有把這兩個(gè)部分的比例合理安排好。
　�。�2）速記的能力有待提高，而且本身考試的時(shí)間也很有限。
　　（3）考前沒(méi)有做充足的準(zhǔn)備，沒(méi)有有計(jì)劃地進(jìn)行相關(guān)針對(duì)性練習(xí)，所以導(dǎo)致對(duì)題型不了解或者是做題速度上不去。
　�。�4）有的考生本身的聽力、語(yǔ)法、詞匯的基礎(chǔ)就比較弱，缺乏聽力的技巧，譬如對(duì)signal words所透露的關(guān)鍵信息的把握。

三、托�？谡Z(yǔ)備考建議：
　　（1） Independent task
　　我在這里建議大家在做筆記時(shí)從以下三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行記錄：topic主旨、sub-points or supporting details分論點(diǎn)、signal words or transitions信號(hào)詞。
　　下面通過(guò)一個(gè)具體的例題來(lái)說(shuō)明。
　　Question: Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important.Please include specific details in your explanation.
　　Topic: library
　　Sub-point: read,study, rest, appointment
　　Signal words:firstly, secondly, moreover, the last but not the least
　　結(jié)合起來(lái)的筆記方法就是
　　Library
　　1． Read
　　2． Study
　　3． Rest
　　4． Environment

Sample answer:
　　A library is the most important place for me. I usually go to library twice a week. Firstly, I can read a lot of books for free in the library. Secondly, I can study there because it is a quiet place. Moreover, library is also a good place for me to have a rest,because no one bothers you there. The last but not the least, the library provides a wonderful environment for lovers to make an appointment. My parents had such experience!
　　（2）Integrated task
　　我建議大家在做這部分筆記時(shí)無(wú)論是閱讀部分還是聽力部分，都從主題topic、事例example、信號(hào)詞transitions這三面來(lái)把握。

下面我們同樣通過(guò)一個(gè)例題來(lái)說(shuō)明。
　　Bus Service Elimination Planned
　　The University has decided to discontinue its free bus service for students. The reasongiven for this decision is that few students ride the buses andthe buses are expensive to operate. Currently, the buses run from the center of campus past university buildings and through some of the neighborhoods surrounding the campus. The money saved by eliminating the bus service will be used to expand the overcrowded student parking lots.
　　以上為綜合例題的閱讀部分，聽力由于很長(zhǎng)這里就不列舉出來(lái)了。在閱讀時(shí)首先大家要把我們上面說(shuō)的這三個(gè)部分標(biāo)示出來(lái)，如上面所示。至于聽力部分我這里只想強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn)，大家一定要提高對(duì)信號(hào)詞的敏感度，通過(guò)信號(hào)詞的指引來(lái)掌握材料的關(guān)鍵信息。只有平常多做練習(xí)，才能從根本上提高你分辨提取重要信息的能力。

Sample answer:
　　The university is planning to eliminate its free bus service, because only few students use it and the school can use the money saved to expand parking lots.
　　In the conversation, the man disagrees with the university’s plan. First of all, he thinks the reason that few students take the bus is because the route is out-of-date, it only goes through the areas that are too expensive for students to live. Instead of eliminating the bus service, the university should change the bus route to where more students live.
　　Second, he thinks that more student will drive if the university used the saved money to build more parking lots, and that will create more traffic problem and increase the noise level on campus.

（3）除了要提高對(duì)信號(hào)詞的敏感度，在平常學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)也要有目的地多積累儲(chǔ)備一些信號(hào)詞，因?yàn)檫@些詞的正確使用不僅可以使你的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)更有條理、更加連貫，而且運(yùn)用在寫作中也可以起到同樣的作用，何樂(lè)而不為呢？

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