雅思寫作9分技巧之開頭就要“開門見山”

　　雅思寫作想得高分，一個(gè)漂亮的開頭是關(guān)鍵，好的開頭往往能夠在瞬間吸引考官的眼球，留下良好的第一印象。那么，我們?cè)鯓硬拍軐懫�亮的引言段�?首先，我們要做到開門見山，明確寫作話題和目的。如何才能做到開門見山?

　　1. 采用媒體報(bào)道引出話題，把問題呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前，引起讀者思考

　　例如在寫關(guān)于該不該禁煙的話題時(shí)，可以這樣開頭：A recent study conducted by Zhongshan University hasfound that the number of smokers has been increasing sharply over the past fiveyears. Research findings also reveal that the incidence of smoking-relatedconditions has soared. As a result, the ban on smoking has been in thespotlight.(中山大學(xué)最近做的一個(gè)研究表明，在過去五年里，吸煙人數(shù)急劇上升。研究結(jié)果同時(shí)顯示，吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病發(fā)病率也急劇增長(zhǎng)。因此，禁煙成為一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)話題。這個(gè)開頭通過媒體報(bào)道把問題呈現(xiàn)在讀者面前，從而引出吸煙比例急劇上升造成的危害，引發(fā)讀者思考。

　　2. 提出有爭(zhēng)議性的問題，激發(fā)讀者興趣，使其積極參與討論

　　例如在寫到警察是否應(yīng)該持槍這篇文章時(shí)作者說(shuō) If police in the U.K. are able to go without guns andnot have crime getting completely out of control then they have already set afine example that other countries should follow. The fact that they are able todo this is an indication of their ability to control the flow of guns to thegeneral populace and this makes citizens safer than anything else. To acivilian, taking guns away from criminals is more important than giving them topolice. 提出這個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的話題，激發(fā)讀者的興趣，使讀者積極參與到討論中來(lái)，讓大家各抒己見進(jìn)行討論。

　　3. 引起讀者興趣的話題

　　例如在寫關(guān)于體罰的話題文章時(shí)，采用這樣一個(gè)開頭：It is reported that a boy in Zhuhai was beaten todeath by his father on Father' Day. Ample evidence also shows that children whoare frequently abused by their parents or teachers tend to be introverted,pessimistic, indifferent and even world-weary. Recently, there has arisen afierce argument on whether corporal punishment should be abolished. Teachers,parents and experts take diverse attitudes towards thisissue.(據(jù)報(bào)道，在父親節(jié)那天，珠海有個(gè)小男孩被爸爸打死了。充分的證據(jù)也顯示，經(jīng)常遭父母或老師虐待的小孩往往比較內(nèi)向、悲觀、冷漠甚至厭世。近來(lái)，關(guān)于是否應(yīng)該廢除體罰出現(xiàn)了一場(chǎng)激烈的爭(zhēng)論，老師、家長(zhǎng)和專家各執(zhí)一詞。)當(dāng)讀者看到這個(gè)話題時(shí)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣進(jìn)而引起了對(duì)這件事情的思考。

　　例如在寫到男性和女性誰(shuí)可以做更好的父母時(shí)可以這樣開頭：At the mere mention of women governing theworld, most of us may naturally form an unrealistic picture of a more peacefulworld where the sun always shines. The other side of the picture, however, isjust to the opposite.

　　在開頭提出兩種不同的觀點(diǎn)，不同的讀者可以根據(jù)自己對(duì)問題的看法進(jìn)行思考，從而引發(fā)讀者的探究心理，進(jìn)一步思考這個(gè)問題從而得出結(jié)論。

　　例如在寫到先天跟后天哪一個(gè)更重要時(shí)，“Genius is two percent inspiration and ninety-eightpercent perspiration” is the opinion held by Edison. This remark has beenconfirmed time and again by more and more people.“天才是百分之二的靈感，百分之九十八的汗水”是愛迪生的觀點(diǎn)，而且反復(fù)被越來(lái)越多的人所證實(shí)，通過引用名人名言揭示了文章的主題，為下文很好地做了鋪墊。

　　例如在寫到Globalization時(shí)，Globalization-the international spread of products,ideas and information-is bringing the world closer together. But globalizationis not a new concept. For thousands of years, nations have roamed the earth insearch of new markets and new sources of raw materials for their ownindustries.

　　關(guān)于"全球化"這個(gè)名詞，考生并不陌生，但是如何用合理的語(yǔ)言來(lái)賦予它一個(gè)含義，這并非易事，上述的引言段就很好地做到了這一點(diǎn)，先是從字面上詮釋了"全球化"的定義，進(jìn)而又從實(shí)際生活角度賦予了它另外一層含義。

　　即從題目給出的話題中找出這個(gè)現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的原因來(lái)擴(kuò)展背景句。這種方法適合大多數(shù)的話題。例如There are social, medical andtechnical problems associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do theytake? Do you a雅思e that the problems outweigh the benefits of mobile phone?這個(gè)題目中給出的話題是mobile phone,所以考生可以從它產(chǎn)生的原因來(lái)考慮，就是科技的繁榮，而科技的繁榮，手機(jī)的廣泛使用是在20世紀(jì)末，這樣背景句就有內(nèi)容可寫了。當(dāng)然要通過相應(yīng)的句型來(lái)寫，這個(gè)背景句就可以寫成：Thelate 20th century witnessed the boom of science and technology, which gave riseto a series of technological innovations, including the mobile phone.

　　再比如另外一道題目：Nowadays, some universities offer students skills that assistthem to find employment, but some people believe that the main function of auniversity should be to provide students with access to knowledge for its sake.What is your opinion?

　　這題要求大家討論大學(xué)是提供職業(yè)技能還是傳授知識(shí)。從傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，大學(xué)是傳授知識(shí)的地方，為什么會(huì)提出要傳授技能呢?所以這里考生也可以用追根溯源法思考一下，大家肯定可以想到是由于找工作已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今教育的目的之一了，所以很多大學(xué)就轉(zhuǎn)移到以傳授技能為主了。Asjob-hunting has become one of the main purposes of university education, themajority of the universities tend to offer vocational trainings to prepare thestudents for their future career.

　　總之，寫作就是通過語(yǔ)言表達(dá)你自己的思想。這里面有兩個(gè)要素：語(yǔ)言和思想，對(duì)于一篇成功的寫作文章來(lái)說(shuō)，這兩點(diǎn)缺一不可。以上是一些寫作引言的方法供大家參考。

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