托福詞匯辨析——struck,stricken

struck，stricken
這兩個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞strike的過(guò)去分詞一般指“打擊”，在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，它們的使用場(chǎng)合有所不同。
Struck用于一般打擊、撞擊、刺激，如：
They were struck by lightning．
他們?cè)饫状蛄恕?br /> I was struck with a wonderful idea．
我忽然間想起了一個(gè)很好的主意。
The workers stopped work over wage deduction and the contractors were struck dumb by their strike．
工人為了克扣工資而罷工，而包工們看見(jiàn)他們罷工驚得目瞪口呆。
The students were struck by the determination of their principal．
學(xué)生們深為他們校長(zhǎng)的決心而感動(dòng)。
She was struck with pity for the old man．
她對(duì)那老人動(dòng)了憐憫之心。
Their eyes were struck by the awesome beauty of the landscape．
令人嘆為觀止的美麗風(fēng)景把他們懾住了。

Stricken指受打擊，受煎熬，只用于負(fù)面場(chǎng)合，較struck富感情色彩，又多用于正式場(chǎng)合；試比較：
The poor are struck most by the ever-increasing housing costs．
窮人受不斷上漲的樓房費(fèi)用打擊最大。
The people in the village are stricken with poverty．
村民受盡窮困的折磨。
The village was struck with famine after a drought．
旱災(zāi)過(guò)后，該村正遭饑荒打擊。
Many people in backward countries are stricken with famine and epidemic disease．
在落后國(guó)家里，很多人受盡饑荒及瘟疫的煎熬。
以上stricken的用法也常以復(fù)合形容詞形式出現(xiàn)，放在名詞之前，如：poverty－stricken、famine－stricken、drought－stricken、panic－stricken、fever-stricken等等。stricken 也見(jiàn)于某些文學(xué)語(yǔ)言中（如stricken in years年邁的；stricken with remorse極為懊悔的）。
有時(shí)候，在某些復(fù)合詞中不用stricken，而用struck，如：awe-struck，thunder-struck，但在某些名詞前，卻單個(gè)用stricken而不用struck，如：a stricken field戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)；stricken heart憂(yōu)傷之心，對(duì)于這類(lèi)詞語(yǔ)，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)把它們看作固定的詞組搭配。