教師支招：托福獨(dú)立寫作邏輯詞的巧用

托福獨(dú)立寫作都是議論文，考查的是考生能否就一個(gè)常見話題清晰地表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)并進(jìn)行充分的論證。因此考生不僅要向考官展示自己的語言能力，更重要的是要使自己的作文論點(diǎn)能被考官信服。邏輯詞的使用，不僅可以幫助考生在表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)時(shí)更加條理清晰，而且還可以在議論方面起到推波助瀾的作用。下面作者會(huì)介紹一些常用的邏輯詞，以及它們的常用句式表達(dá)。

托福獨(dú)立寫作邏輯詞的巧用一．因果

1. Because of, owing to, due to

2. There are several reasons for .../why

3.As a result of X,/consequently,/be responsible for; be attributed to

由于當(dāng)今世界的激烈競爭，大量的年輕人承受巨大的壓力。

Owing to the fierce competition in today’s world, a great many young people find themselves under great pressure.

由于燈泡的發(fā)明，人們可以在晚上讀書而不傷害視力。

As a result of the invention of the light bulb, people can read books at night without their eyesight being damaged.

野生動(dòng)物滅絕的主要責(zé)任在人類。

Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction. 

我們應(yīng)該把醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展歸因于動(dòng)物對實(shí)驗(yàn)做出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。

We should attribute (ascribe)medical advances to the animals which do substantial contributions to the experiment.

托福獨(dú)立寫作邏輯詞的巧用二．比較

1.Compared with X,

2.A cannot compare with B

3.Similarly, likewise

4.A is similar to B

5.In the same way,

6.Unlike

7.On the contrary

小組學(xué)習(xí)可以為你節(jié)省很多時(shí)間。相反，你會(huì)分心和其他人閑聊。

Group studying can save you much time. On the contrary, you can end up getting distracted and chatting.

不應(yīng)該以封面判斷一本書。同樣，從一個(gè)人的外表也無法了解這個(gè)人。

You should not judge a book by its cover. In the same way, you cannot know a person by his or her appearance.

與不同能力的孩子相比，聰明的孩子在學(xué)業(yè)和智力測驗(yàn)方面表現(xiàn)更加突出。

Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence tests.

與明星不同，其他專業(yè)人員如醫(yī)生和教師為社會(huì)創(chuàng)造了真正的價(jià)值。

Contrary to (In contrast to, Unlike)pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for their society.

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托福獨(dú)立寫作邏輯詞的巧用三．讓步

1.Although/though/even though

2.In spite of /despite

3.Despite the fact that...,

4.Nevertheless/nonetheless, even so

盡管平均壽命很高，但是人們并沒有盡多大力量保持身體健康。

In spite of high life expectancies, people do not make much of an effort to maintains their physical health.

盡管語言和文化有差異，但我還是可以結(jié)交外國好朋友。

Despite the fact that languages and cultures are different, we can make good foreign friends.

孩子們喜歡花大多數(shù)時(shí)間玩電子游戲，但是，應(yīng)該禁止他們玩這些游戲。

Children love to spend most of their time playing video games. Nonetheless, they should be prohibited from playing these games.

盡管汽車給人們的生活帶來了許多便利，但是也產(chǎn)生了一系列嚴(yán)重的問題。

In spite of (Despite)a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people’s life, they can create a series of serious problems.

托福獨(dú)立寫作邏輯詞的巧用四．遞進(jìn)

1.Moreover/furthermore/in addition/aside from

2.In other words,

3.More importantly

4.In particular

5.In consideration of , in view of

考慮到英語在我國日益增長的重要性，許多學(xué)生選擇出國留學(xué)。

In consideration of the increased importance of English in our country, many students choose to study abroad.

我們可以通過換救熱帶雨林來保護(hù)瀕危動(dòng)物。另外，這么做還有助于進(jìn)一步防止空氣污染。

We can protect endangered animals by saving the rain forests. In addition, doing this can help prevent further air pollution.

除了和他人的關(guān)系以外，內(nèi)向的人通常不善于在別人面前表達(dá)。

Aside from their relationships with others, introverted people are usually not good at giving presentations in front of others.

特別是，我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該允許學(xué)生選擇他們想學(xué)的。In particular, my opinion on this issue is that students should be allowed to choose what they want to learn.

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