2015年兩會熱點托福知識

穩(wěn)中有進

China has, overall, achieved a stable performance while at the same time securing progress in its economic and social development。

"穩(wěn)"的主要標志是，經(jīng)濟運行處于合理區(qū)間。"進"的總體特征是，發(fā)展的協(xié)調性和可持續(xù)性增強。

The main indication of this stable performance is that the economy operated within an appropriate range. The underlying feature demonstrating progress is that our development is becoming better coordinated and more sustainable。

中等收入陷阱

Middle-income trap

化解各種矛盾和風險，跨越"中等收入陷阱"，實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，根本要靠發(fā)展，發(fā)展必須有合理的增長速度。

In order to defuse problems and risks, avoid falling into the "middle-income trap," and achieve modernization, China must rely on development, and development requires an appropriate growth rate。

攔路虎

Tigers in the road

我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展進入新常態(tài)，正處在爬坡過坎的關口，體制機制弊端和結構性矛盾是"攔路虎"，不深化改革和調整經(jīng)濟結構，就難以實現(xiàn)平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。

China's economic development has entered a new normal. Our country is in the crucial period during which challenges need to be overcome and problems need to be solved. Systemic, institutional, and structural problems have become "tigers in the road" holding up development. Without deepening reform and making economic structural adjustments, we will have a difficult time sustaining steady and sound development。

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雙目標、雙引擎

Dual objectives, twin engines

我們要把握好總體要求，著眼于保持中高速增長和邁向中高端水平"雙目標"，堅持穩(wěn)政策穩(wěn)預期和促改革調結構"雙結合"，打造大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新和增加公共產(chǎn)品、公共服務"雙引擎"，推動發(fā)展調速不減勢、量增質更優(yōu)，實現(xiàn)中國經(jīng)濟提質增效升級。

We must focus on achieving the dual objectives of maintaining a medium-high-level growth rate and moving toward a medium-high-level of development. We need to maintain policy continuity and keep expectations stable while moving forward with reform and structural adjustment, and we need to develop twin engines to drive development: popular entrepreneurship and innovation, paired with increased supplies of public good and services. This will ensure that our growth rate is adjusted without weakening momentum and that growth in quantity is underpinned by greater quality, thereby achieving a better-quality, more efficient, upgraded economy。

三期疊加： 經(jīng)濟增長速度換擋期、結構調整陣痛期、前期刺激政策消化期

The slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies

我國發(fā)展面臨"三期疊加"矛盾，資源環(huán)境約束加大，勞動力等要素成本上升，高投入、高消耗、偏重數(shù)量擴張的發(fā)展方式已經(jīng)難以為繼，必須推動經(jīng)濟在穩(wěn)定增長中優(yōu)化結構。

In the current stage of development, China has to deal simultaneously with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies. As resource-related and environmental constraints grow and costs for labor and other factors of production rise, a model of development that draws on high levels of investment and energy consumption and is heavily driven by quantitative expansion becomes difficult to sustain. We must therefore improve the economic structure while ensuring steady growth。

"減法"

Cuts

所有行政審批事項都要簡化程序，明確時限，用政府權利的"減法"，換取市場活力的"乘法"。

Procedures and processes must be simplified and time frames must be clarified for all items requiring administrative review, and cuts to government power will be made to boost market vitality。

中國制造2025

Made in China 2025

推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結構邁向中高端。制造業(yè)是我們的優(yōu)勢產(chǎn)業(yè)。要實施"中國制造2025"，堅持創(chuàng)新驅動、智能轉型、強化基礎、綠色發(fā)展，加快從制造大國轉向制造強國。

Manufacturing is a traditionally a strong area for Chinese industry. We will implement the "Made in China 2025" strategy; seek innovation-driven development; apply smart technologies; strengthen foundations; pursue green development; and redouble our efforts to upgrade China from a manufacturer of quantity to one of quality。

"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+"行動計劃

"Internet Plus" action plan

制定"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+"行動，推動移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、云計算、大數(shù)據(jù)。物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等于現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)結合，促進電子商務、工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融健康發(fā)展，引導互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)拓展國際市場。

We will develop the "Internet Plus" action plan to integrate the mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data, and the Internet of Things with modern manufacturing, to encourage the healthy development of e-commerce, industrial networks, and Internet baking, and to guide Internet-based companies to increase their presence in the international market。

Key figures for China's economy in 2015

2015中國經(jīng)濟關鍵數(shù)字

7%： Increase GDP by approximately 7 percent

國內生產(chǎn)總值增長7%左右

3%： Keep increase in CPI at around 3 percent

居民消費價格漲幅3%左右

10 million: Create over 10 million jobs in urban areas

城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1000萬人以上

4.5%： Ensure registered urban unemployment rate not to exceed 4.5 percent

城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.5%以內

6%： Increase imports and exports by around 6 percent

進出口增長6%左右

3.1%： Cut energy intensity by 3.1 percent

能耗強度下降3.1%以上

1.62 trillion yuan: Annual government budget deficit is projected to be 1.62 trillion yuan

今年擬安排財政赤字1.62萬億元

2.3%： Deficit to GDP ratio will rise from last year's 2.1 percent to 2.3 percent

赤字率從去年的2.1%提高到2.3%

12%： M2 money supply is forecasted to grow by around 12 percent, but actual supply may be slightly higher

廣義貨幣M2預期增長12%左右，在實際執(zhí)行中，根據(jù)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展需要，也可以略高些

477.6 billion yuan: The central government will increase its budgetary investment to 477.6 billion yuan

今年中央預算內投資增加到4776億元

800 billion yuan: Over 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction and open over 8,000 km of railways to traffic

鐵路投資要保持在8000億元以上，新投產(chǎn)里程8000公里以上

800 billion yuan: Over 800 billion yuan will be invested in the major water conservancy projects

在建重大水利工程投資規(guī)模超過8000億元

7.4 million: Build an additional 7.4 million units of government-subsidized housing

今年保障性安居工程新安排740萬套

10 million: Reduce the poor rural population by more than 10 million

減少農(nóng)村貧困人口1000萬人以上

3.1%： Cut the intensity of carbon dioxide by at least 3.1 percent

二氧化碳排放強度要降低3.1%以上

3.66 million: Renovate 3.66 million dilapidated rural houses

農(nóng)村危房改造366萬戶
 

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